Search results for " Separation"
showing 10 items of 724 documents
The dark side of centromeres: types, causes and consequences of structural abnormalities implicating centromeric DNA
2018
Centromeres are the chromosomal domains required to ensure faithful transmission of the genome during cell division. They have a central role in preventing aneuploidy, by orchestrating the assembly of several components required for chromosome separation. However, centromeres also adopt a complex structure that makes them susceptible to being sites of chromosome rearrangements. Therefore, preservation of centromere integrity is a difficult, but important task for the cell. In this review, we discuss how centromeres could potentially be a source of genome instability and how centromere aberrations and rearrangements are linked with human diseases such as cancer.
Clr-a: A Novel Immune-Related C-Type Lectin-like Molecule Exclusively Expressed by Mouse Gut Epithelium
2017
Abstract The mouse gut epithelium represents a constitutively challenged environment keeping intestinal commensal microbiota at bay and defending against invading enteric pathogens. The complex immunoregulatory network of the epithelial barrier surveillance also involves NK gene complex (NKC)–encoded C-type lectin-like molecules such as NKG2D and Nkrp1 receptors. To our knowledge, in this study, we report the first characterization of the orphan C-type lectin-like molecule Clr-a encoded by the Clec2e gene in the mouse NKC. Screening of a panel of mouse tissues revealed that Clec2e transcripts are restricted to the gastrointestinal tract. Using Clr-a–specific mAb, we characterize Clr-a as a …
Improved in vivo efficacy of clinical-grade cryopreserved human hepatocytes in mice with acute liver failure.
2020
Clinical hepatocyte transplantation short-term efficacy has been demonstrated; however, some major limitations, mainly due to the shortage of organs, the lack of quality of isolated cells and the low cell engraftment after transplantation, should be solved for increasing its efficacy in clinical applications. Cellular stress during isolation causes an unpredictable loss of attachment ability of the cells, which can be aggravated by cryopreservation and thawing. In this work, we focused on the use of a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) solution compared with the standard cryopreservation medium, the University of Wisconsin medium, for the purpose of improving the functional quality of cells …
Phenotypic and functional characterization of neutrophils and monocytes from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome by flow cytometry.
2016
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal stem cell disorder frequently associated with inefficient granulopoiesis showing dysplastic polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). To assess PMN functionality in MDS in a clinical routine setting, 30 MDS patients and ten healthy volunteers were analyzed for PMN and monocyte phenotype and function (degranulation, CD62L shedding, oxidative burst and phagocytosis) upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide by multi-color flow cytometry (MCFC). Our data show a heterogeneous pattern for CD66, CD16 and CD64 expression on PMNs of MDS patients. CD62L shedding rate and CD66 degranulation were reduced. Interestingly, we detected correlations between the WHO ada…
Spatial learning and long-term memory impairments in RasGrf1 KO, Pttg1 KO, and double KO mice
2018
© 2018 The Authors.
Elevated Regulatory T Cell Levels in Glaucoma Patients in Comparison to Healthy Controls.
2016
Many studies analyzing neurodegenerative diseases demonstrate altered frequencies of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Till date, there is hardly any information concerning Tregs in glaucoma. To gather first results concerning Treg levels in glaucoma patients, we aimed to investigate whether the number of CD4(+)CD25(+)T cells vary in the patients suffering from primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and healthy controls.Heparinized blood samples were collected from 16 healthy individuals and 16 POAG patients. The groups were age and gender matched. A density gradient centrifugation over Ficoll-Paque was performed to isolate the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The resulting cells were stained with…
Microenvironment in neuroblastoma: isolation and characterization of tumor-derived mesenchymal stromal cells
2018
Background It has been proposed that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) promote tumor progression by interacting with tumor cells and other stroma cells in the complex network of the tumor microenvironment. We characterized MSCs isolated and expanded from tumor tissues of pediatric patients diagnosed with neuroblastomas (NB-MSCs) to define interactions with the tumor microenvironment. Methods Specimens were obtained from 7 pediatric patients diagnosed with neuroblastoma (NB). Morphology, immunophenotype, differentiation capacity, proliferative growth, expression of stemness and neural differentiation markers were evaluated. Moreover, the ability of cells to modulate the immune response, i.e. …
A poly-L-lactic acid/ collagen/glycosaminoglycan matrix for tissue engineering applications
2017
Adhesion of tissue cells to biomaterials is a prerequisite of paramount importance for the effectiveness of a tissue engineering construct (cell and scaffolds). Functionalization of polymeric scaffolds with organic polymers, such as collagen or proteoglycans, is a promising approach in order to improve the cytocompatibility. As a matter of fact, organic polymers, isolated directly from the extracellular matrix, contain a multitude of surface ligand (fibronectin, laminin, vitronectin) and arginine–glycine–aspartic acid-containing peptides that promote cell adhesion. In tissue engineering, the combination of organic and synthetic polymers gives rise to scaffolds characterized simultaneously …
Development of an RNA-based kit for easy generation of TCR-engineered lymphocytes to control T-cell assay performance.
2018
Cell-based assays to monitor antigen-specific T-cell responses are characterized by their high complexity and should be conducted under controlled conditions to lower multiple possible sources of assay variation. However, the lack of standard reagents makes it difficult to directly compare results generated in one lab over time and across institutions. Therefore TCR-engineered reference samples (TERS) that contain a defined number of antigen-specific T cells and continuously deliver stable results are urgently needed. We successfully established a simple and robust TERS technology that constitutes a useful tool to overcome this issue for commonly used T-cell immuno-assays. To enable users t…
Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies
2017
The marriage between immunology and cytometry is one of the most stable and productive in the recent history of science. A rapid search in PubMed shows that, as of July 2017, using “flow cytometry immunology” as a search term yields more than 68 000 articles, the first of which, interestingly, is not about lymphocytes. It might be stated that, after a short engagement, the exchange of the wedding rings between immunology and cytometry officially occurred when the idea to link fluorochromes to monoclonal antibodies came about. After this, recognizing different types of cells became relatively easy and feasible not only by using a simple fluorescence microscope, but also by a complex and some…