Search results for " Size"

showing 10 items of 2281 documents

A population genomics analysis of the native Irish Galway sheep breed.

2019

SUMMARYThe Galway sheep population is the only native Irish sheep breed and represents an important livestock genetic resource, which is currently categorised as “at-risk”. In the present study, comparative population genomics analyses of Galway sheep and other sheep populations of European origin were used to investigate the microevolution and recent genetic history of the breed. These analyses support the hypothesis that British Leicester sheep were used in the formation of the Galway breed and suggest more recent gene flow from the Suffolk sheep breed. When compared to conventional and endangered breeds, the Galway breed was intermediate in effective population size, genomic inbreeding a…

0301 basic medicine0106 biological sciencesAnimal breedingLivestocklcsh:QH426-470Populationbiology.animal_breedselection signaturePopulation geneticsZoologyinbreedingRuns of HomozygosityBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesGenetic diversityPopulation genomics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEffective population sizesingle nucleotide polymorphismGeneticsInbreedingeducationGenetics (clinical)030304 developmental biologyOriginal Research2. Zero hunger0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryAt-risk breedat-risk breedgenetic diversitySelection signatureBreedSingle nucleotide polymorphismlivestocklcsh:Genetics030104 developmental biologyconservation genomics030220 oncology & carcinogenesisConservation genomicsSuffolk sheepMolecular MedicineLivestockFaculty of Science & Health AITbusinessInbreeding
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Effect of heating method on the microbial levels and acrylamide in corn grits and subsequent use as functional ingredient for bread making

2018

Abstract Cereal by-products represent abundant and low-cost resources of nutrients. The study is dedicated to the development of a rapid method for the treatment of corn grits to obtain value added ingredients for breadmaking. The infrared irradiation (IR) at 76 °C and 90 °C and vacuum microwave (VM) heating at 60 °C have been applied for stabilization of corn grits. The corn grit particles were fractionated by size and it was found that the particle size fraction significantly (p

0301 basic medicine030109 nutrition & dieteticsGeneral Chemical EngineeringFraction (chemistry)04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food scienceBiochemistryInfrared irradiation03 medical and health sciencesIngredientchemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyNutrientchemistryAcrylamideParticle sizeFood scienceBread makingFood ScienceBiotechnologyFood and Bioproducts Processing
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Hybrid Biopolymer and Lipid Nanoparticles with Improved Transfection Efficacy for mRNA

2020

Cells 9(9), 2034 (1-19) (2020). doi:10.3390/cells9092034

0301 basic medicine570small angle scatteringNanoparticlecationic lipid02 engineering and technologyengineering.materialTransfectionArticleCell LineFatty Acids Monounsaturated03 medical and health sciencesMiceBiopolymersddc:570AnimalsHumansRNA MessengerParticle Sizelcsh:QH301-705.5chemistry.chemical_classificationMice Inbred BALB Ccancer immunotherapySmall-angle X-ray scatteringHeparinOptical ImagingCationic polymerizationGeneral MedicinePolymerTransfection021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyvaccinationSmall-angle neutron scatteringLipidslipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticlesQuaternary Ammonium Compounds030104 developmental biologychemistrylcsh:Biology (General)cationic polymerBiophysicsengineeringNanoparticlesRNAFemalePolymer blendBiopolymer0210 nano-technologyCovid-19
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The torso integration hypothesis revisited in Homo sapiens: Contributions to the understanding of hominin body shape evolution.

2018

Objectives: Lower thoracic widths and curvatures track upper pelvic widths and iliac blades curvatures in hominins and other primates (torso integration hypothesis). However, recent studies suggest that sexual dimorphism could challenge this assumption in Homo sapiens. We test the torso integration hypothesis in two modern human populations, both considering and excluding the effect of sexual dimorphism. We further assess covariation patterns between different thoracic and pelvic levels, and we explore the allometric effects on torso shape variation. Material and Methods: A sex-balanced sample of 50 anatomically connected torsos (25 Mediterraneans, 25 Sub-Saharan Africans) was segmented fro…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleBlack PeopleComputed tomographyBiologyModels BiologicalWhite PeopleAnthropology Physical03 medical and health sciencesSexual dimorphismImaging Three-DimensionalmedicineBody SizeHumans0601 history and archaeologyMorphometricsGeometric morphometricsAllometrySex Characteristics060101 anthropologymedicine.diagnostic_testintegumentary systemAnthropometryTorso06 humanities and the artsAnatomyTorsoBiological EvolutionSexual dimorphismbody regions030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureBody shapeHomo sapiensAnthropologyFemaleAllometryAnatomyTomography X-Ray ComputedAmerican journal of physical anthropology
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Radiotherapy for the treatment of solitary plasmacytoma: 7-year outcomes by a mono-institutional experience.

2020

Objectives: Solitary plasmacytoma (SP) is characterized by a single mass of clonal plasma cells. Definitive RT can result in long-term local control of the SP. Due to the small number of patients and narrow range of doses, phase III randomized trials are lacking. The aim of this study is to further support the potential use of RT for the treatment of SP. Methods: Clinical data of all patients treated for SP at our Institution between 1992 and 2018 were reviewed. A total of 42 consecutive patients were analyzed. Results: The median follow-up was 84.8 months. Radiation dose did not differ significantly as a function of sex, type of SP (solitary bone plasmacytoma or as extramedullary plasmacyt…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentUrologySolitary plasmacytomaBone NeoplasmsMultiple myeloma; Plasma cell neoplasms; Radical radiotherapy; Solitary plasmacytomaEffective dose (radiation)law.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicinemedicineHumansMultiple myelomaAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overHematologyRadical radiotherapyTumor sizebusiness.industryGeneral MedicinePlasma cell neoplasmMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisSurvival AnalysisRadiation therapyPlasma cell neoplasm030104 developmental biologyTreatment OutcomeOncologyItaly030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDisease ProgressionFemalePlasma cell neoplasmsNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessMultiple MyelomaSolitary plasmacytomaFollow-Up StudiesPlasmacytomaJournal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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Childhood growth predicts higher bone mass and greater bone area in early old age: findings among a subgroup of women from the Helsinki Birth Cohort …

2017

Abstract Summary: We examined the associations between childhood growth and bone properties among women at early old age. Early growth in height predicted greater bone area and higher bone mineral mass. However, information on growth did not improve prediction of bone properties beyond that predicted by body size at early old age. Introduction: We examined the associations between body size at birth and childhood growth with bone area, bone mineral content (BMC), and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in early old age. Methods: A subgroup of women (n = 178, mean 60.4 years) from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study, born 1934–1944, participated in dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measuremen…

0301 basic medicineAgingnaisetEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismGrowthADULTHOODCohort StudiesAbsorptiometry PhotonChild Development0302 clinical medicineBone DensityBody SizekohorttitutkimusRISKBone mineralDXAluustoLumbar VertebraeAnthropometryFemur NeckConfoundingMiddle AgedBone areaSkeleton (computer programming)medicine.anatomical_structureFemalemedicine.symptomCohort studyBirth cohortBone massCOUNTRIESmusculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtygrowthosteoporoosi030209 endocrinology & metabolismkasvuArticle03 medical and health sciencesLATER LIFEcohort studymedicineHumansAgedFemoral neckBone Developmentbusiness.industryInfant NewbornHIP FRACTUREosteoporosisBody HeightSurgery030104 developmental biologyikääntyminen3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicineOsteoporosisWEIGHTbusinessWeight gainFollow-Up StudiesDemographyOsteoporosis International
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Physicochemical and Preclinical Evaluation of Spermine-Derived Surfactant Liposomes for in Vitro and in Vivo siRNA-Delivery to Liver Macrophages

2016

Herein we report on a liposomal system for siRNA delivery consisting of cholesterol (Chol), distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC), and surfactant TF (1-hydroxy-50-amino-3,4,7,10,13,16,19,22-octaoxa-37,41,45-triaza-pentacontane), a novel spermine derivative (HO-EG8-C12-spermine) which has shown improved siRNA delivery to cells in vitro and in vivo. Predominantly single-walled liposomes with reproducible sizes and moderately broad size distributions were generated with an automated extrusion device. The liposomes remained stable when prepared in the presence of siRNA at N/P ratios of 17-34. However, when mixed with human serum in equal volumes, larger aggregates in the size range of several hu…

0301 basic medicineAntigens Differentiation MyelomonocyticPharmaceutical ScienceSpermineFlow cytometryMiceSurface-Active Agents03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundDynamic light scatteringPulmonary surfactantAntigens CDIn vivoDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsParticle SizeRNA Small InterferingCells CulturedDrug CarriersLiposomemedicine.diagnostic_testReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionMacrophagesModels TheoreticalFlow CytometryIn vitroCholesterol030104 developmental biologyLiverchemistryBiochemistryLiposomesPhosphatidylcholinesMolecular MedicineSpermineDrug carrierMolecular Pharmaceutics
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Germ-free housing conditions do not affect aortic root and aortic arch lesion size of late atherosclerotic low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient…

2020

The microbiota has been linked to the development of atherosclerosis, but the functional impact of these resident bacteria on the lesion size and cellular composition of atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta has never been experimentally addressed with the germ-free low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr(-/-)) mouse atherosclerosis model. Here, we report that 16 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding of hypercholesterolemicLdlr(-/-)mice at germ-free (GF) housing conditions did not impact relative aortic root plaque size, macrophage content, and necrotic core area. Likewise, we did not find changes in the relative aortic arch lesion size. However, late atherosclerotic GFLdlr(-/-)mice …

0301 basic medicineAortic archMalePathologyaortic rootAortic rootaortic archFunctional impactAorta ThoracicHYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIAMice0302 clinical medicineDeficient mouse610 Medicine & healthMice KnockoutBILE-ACIDSCellular compositionMicrobiotaCHOLESTEROLGUT MICROBIOTAGastroenterologyinflammatory markersHousing AnimalPlaque Atheroscleroticmacrophagessmooth muscle cellsInfectious Diseasesgerm-free030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemalelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)SEXTRIMETHYLAMINEmedicine.symptomMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialty610 Medicine & healthBiologyMETABOLISMlesion sizeMicrobiologyLesion03 medical and health sciencesINFLAMMATIONmedicine.arterymedicineAnimalsGerm-Free LifeHumanslcsh:RC799-869AddendumMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models Animal030104 developmental biologyReceptors LDLlow-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mouseageLDL receptorlcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterologyatherosclerosis
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Biosynthesis of selenium-nanoparticles and -nanorods as a product of selenite bioconversion by the aerobic bacterium Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1

2018

The wide anthropogenic use of selenium compounds represents the major source of selenium pollution world- wide, causing environmental issues and health concerns. Microbe-based strategies for metal removal/recovery have received increasing interest thanks to the association of the microbial ability to detoxify toxic metal/ metalloid polluted environments with the production of nanomaterials. This study investigates the tolerance and the bioconversion of selenite (SeO32−) by the aerobically grown Actinomycete Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1 in association with its ability to produce selenium nanoparticles and nanorods (SeNPs and SeNRs). The BCP1 strain showed high tolerance towards SeO32− with…

0301 basic medicineBioconversionStatic Electricity030106 microbiologychemistry.chemical_elementBioengineeringSelenious AcidSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia GeneraleSelenium pollutionSelenium03 medical and health sciencesMinimum inhibitory concentrationchemistry.chemical_compoundNanoparticleBiosynthesisRhodococcusParticle SizeSelenite Rhodococcus aetherivorans Selenium nanoparticles Selenium nanorods Biogenic nanostructuresSelenium nanorodMolecular BiologyNanotubesbiologyBiogenic nanostructureRhodococcus aetherivoranSpectrometry X-Ray EmissionGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationDynamic Light ScatteringSelenium nanoparticleBacteria AerobicNanotube030104 developmental biologychemistryBiochemistry13. Climate actionSelenious AcidSeleniteNanoparticlesMetalloidRhodococcusSeleniumRhodococcuBiotechnologyNew Biotechnology
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Dextran-based therapeutic nanoparticles for hepatic drug delivery.

2016

Aim: Evaluation of dextran-based nanoparticles (DNP) as a drug delivery system to target myeloid cells of the liver. Materials & methods: DNP were synthesized and optionally PEGylated. Their toxicity and cellular uptake were studied in vitro. Empty and siRNA-carrying DNP were tested in vivo with regard to biodistribution and cellular uptake. Results: In vitro, DNP were taken up by cells of the myeloid lineage without compromising their viability. In vivo, empty and siRNA-carrying DNP distributed to the liver where a single treatment addressed approximately 70% of macrophages and dendritic cells. Serum parameters indicated no in vivo toxicity. Conclusion: DNP are multifunctional liver-s…

0301 basic medicineBiodistributionMaterials scienceCell SurvivalSurface PropertiesBiomedical EngineeringMedicine (miscellaneous)Antigens Differentiation Myelomonocyticchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaBioengineering02 engineering and technologyDevelopmentPharmacologyPolyethylene Glycols03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMiceIn vivoAntigens CDAnimalsHumansGeneral Materials ScienceTissue DistributionParticle SizeRNA Small InterferingDrug CarriersMice Inbred BALB Corganic chemicalsMacrophageshemic and immune systemsDextransDendritic cell3T3 CellsDendritic Cells021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology030104 developmental biologyDextranRAW 264.7 CellschemistryLiverDrug deliveryToxicityPEGylationNanoparticles0210 nano-technologyDrug carrierNanomedicine (London, England)
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