Search results for " Small"
showing 10 items of 806 documents
Effects of hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic agents on atherogenic small, dense LDL in Type 2 diabetes
2011
Type 2 diabetes is associated with a cluster of inter-related plasma lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities, including reduced HDL-C, a predominance of small, dense LDL and elevated triglycerides. These abnormalities occur even in prediabetes, before blood sugars rise sufficiently in order to confirm a diagnosis of diabetes, and this transition phase incurs important cardiovascular risk. This is the rationale for paying attention to dyslipidemia through the use of the hypolipidemic, rather than hypoglycemic drugs only. A literature search (by Medline and Scopus) was performed. The authors also manually reviewed the references of selected articles for any pertinent material. Beyond the ‘quantit…
Gestational diabetes and the metabolic syndrome: Can obesity and small, dense low density lipoproteins be key mediators of this association?
2013
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents a condition of glucose intolerance with first appearance or recognition at the time of a pregnancy, associated with an inadequate pancreatic response to the advanced insulin resistance of the later stages of pregnancy, and accompanied by enhancing β-cell mass and secretion of insulin. Women who had GDM exhibit a higher risk for later advent of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Additionally, previous GDM has been proposed as independently correlated with higher risk for development of atherosclerosis in a healthy population, similar to the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and independently of the presence of established…
Adverse Effects of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on the Small and Large Bowel
1999
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) account for a large part of prescriptions and self-administered medication worldwide. The adverse effects on the upper gastrointestinal tract are well documented. However, in an increasing number of publications adverse effects in the small and large intestine distal to the duodenum are being reported. This paper provides an updated review of current as well as earlier literature on the pathogenesis of such adverse effects and the potential damage to the small and large bowel caused by NSAID. In addition, suggestions for an appropriate diagnostic workup of NSAID damage are discussed.
Delivery of siHIF‐1α to Reconstruct Tumor Normoxic Microenvironment for Effective Chemotherapeutic and Photodynamic Anticancer Treatments
2021
The tumor hypoxic microenvironment not only induces genetic and epigenetic changes in tumor cells, immature vessels formation for oxygen demand, but also compromises the efficiency of therapeutic interventions. On the other hand, conventional therapeutic approaches which kill tumor cells or destroy tumor blood vessels to block nutrition and oxygen supply usually facilitate even harsher microenvironment. Thus, simultaneously relieving the strained response of tumor cells and blood vessels represents a promising strategy to reverse the adverse tumor hypoxic microenvironment. In the present study, an integrated amphiphilic system (RSCD) is designed based on Angiotensin II receptor blocker cand…
Translation of HTT mRNA with expanded CAG repeats is regulated by the MID1-PP2A protein complex.
2012
Expansion of CAG repeats is a common feature of various neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington's disease. Here we show that expanded CAG repeats bind to a translation regulatory protein complex containing MID1, protein phosphatase 2A and 40S ribosomal S6 kinase. Binding of the MID1-protein phosphatase 2A protein complex increases with CAG repeat size and stimulates translation of the CAG repeat expansion containing messenger RNA in a MID1-, protein phosphatase 2A- and mammalian target of rapamycin-dependent manner. Our data indicate that pathological CAG repeat expansions upregulate protein translation leading to an overproduction of aberrant protein and suggest that the MID1-com…
ShRNA-mediated knock-down of CXCL8 inhibits tumor growth in colorectal liver metastasis.
2018
CXCL8 belongs to proinflammatory chemokines that are predominantly involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and degranulation. Several studies have suggested that secretion of CXCL8 from cancer cells have a profound effect on tumor microenvironment. In this study, in continuation to our previous work of understanding the global picture of invasion related genes in colorectal liver metastases, we clearly show an up-regulation of CXCL8 expression in the tumor cells at the invasion front as compared to the tumor cells in the inner parts of the tumor. Furthermore, ShRNA mediated down-regulation of CXCL8 resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation, viability and invasion in vitro and a near complete g…
Gastric emptying, small intestinal transit and fecal output in dystrophic (mdx) mice.
2009
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), which results from deficiency in dystrophin, a sarcolemma protein of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle, is characterized by progressive striated muscle degeneration, but various gastrointestinal clinical manifestations have been observed. The aim was to evaluate the possible impact of the dystrophin loss on the gastrointestinal propulsion in mdx mice (animal model for DMD). The gastric emptying of a carboxymethyl cellulose/phenol red dye non-nutrient meal was not significantly different at 20 min from gavaging between wild-type and mdx mice. The intestinal transit and the fecal output were significantly decreased in mdx versus normal animals, although th…
Mechanical activity of small and large intestine in normal and mdx mice: a comparative analysis.
1999
The aim of this study was to compare the motor pattern (recorded as changes in intraluminal pressure) of isolated duodenum and proximal colon between dystrophic mdx and normal mice. When duodenal recordings from control preparations were compared with mdx mice there was no significant difference in the spontaneous motor pattern, responses to electrical nerve stimulation or sensitivity to pharmacological agents. Colonic segments from mdx mice showed a more complex motor pattern, consisting of contractions with amplitude and frequency similar to those of controls and by additional contractions with lower amplitude and higher frequency. Moreover, 70% of the colonic preparations from mdx mice d…
Problem Talk in Management Group Meetings
2019
This naturalistic study focuses on problem talk (PT) in hospital management group meetings. The study aims to understand how PT constitutes the hospital organization through the different uses of PT within the meetings, and, therefore, to understand the organizing role of these meetings. The communication as constitutive of organization (CCO) perspective forms the theoretical background of the research. The results of the qualitative analysis show that PT comprises many intertwined tasks that aim to perform the meetings, enhance problem solving, and maintain the relational level of group life. Thus, PT is much more than merely solving problems. In PT, problems are discussed from the viewpo…