Search results for " Surveillance."

Modelling the spatial-temporal progression of the 2009 A/H1N1 influenza pandemic in Chile

2016

A spatial-temporal transmission model of 2009 A/H1N1 pandemic influenza across Chile, a country that spans a large latitudinal range, is developed to characterize the spatial variation in peak timing of that pandemic as a function of local transmission rates, spatial connectivity assumptions for Chilean regions, and the putative location of introduction of the novel virus into the country. Specifically, a metapopulation SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infected-removed) compartmental model that tracks the transmission dynamics of influenza in 15 Chilean regions is calibrated. The model incorporates population mobility among neighboring regions and indirect mobility to and from other regions via th…

Birth Size and Brain Function 75 Years Later

2014

BACKGROUND: There are several lines of evidence pointing to fetal and other early origins of diseases of the aging brain, but there are no data directly addressing the hypotheses in an older population. We investigated the association of fetal size to late-age measures of brain structure and function in a large cohort of older men and women and explored the modifying effect of education on these associations. METHODS: Within the AGES (Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility)-Reykjavik population-based cohort (born between 1907 and 1935), archived birth records were abstracted for 1254 men and women who ∼75 years later underwent an examination that included brain MRI and extensive cognitive ass…

Mobility difficulties and physical activity as predictors of mortality and loss of independence in the community-living older population.

2000

OBJECTIVE: In older people, mobility impairments and physical inactivity are risk factors for further disability and death. We studied the interaction of physical activity and mobility impairment as a predictor of dependence and mortality. DESIGN: A population-based, prospective study. The data were collected in structured interviews in the year 1988 and 8 years later in the year 1996 as part of the Evergreen Project. PARTICIPANTS: Subjects were 1109 independently living, at baseline 65- to 84-year-old people in the city of Jyvaskyla, in central Finland. METHODS: Participants were ranked into four groups: (1) Intact mobility and physically active (Mobile-Active), (2) Intact mobility and sed…

Spatial analysis of the relationship between mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and drinking water hardness

2004

Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives. Previously published scientific papers have reported a negative correlation between drinking water hardness and cardiovascular mortality. Some ecologic and case-control studies suggest the protective effect of calcium and magnesium concentration in drinking water. In this article we present an analysis of this protective relationship in 538 municipalities of Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) from 1991-1998. We used the Spanish version of the Rapid Inquiry Facility (RIF) developed under the European Environment and Health Information System (EUROHEIS) research project. The strateg…

A population-based survey of cognitive performance in a Sicilian elderly community.

2010

<i>Background:</i> The global burden of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing. Previous studies reported differences related to age, gender and socioeconomic status. We calculated the cognitive performances of a Sicilian population aged 65 years or older, by means of a door-to-door population-based survey in Bagheria city, Sicily. <i>Methods:</i> A door-to-door survey was carried out in the city of Bagheria, Sicily (prevalence day September 30, 2006). A cohort of 2,200 persons was randomly stratified, obtaining a 25% sample of the whole population. Cognitive function was assessed by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Percentile distributions by age, gender, edu…

A national study on the physical and mental health of intersex adults in the U.S.

2020

ObjectivesTo describe the health of intersex adults (people with differences of sex development) in the U.S. using community-based research methods.MethodsIn July-September 2018, we conducted a national health study of intersex adults aged 18 and older in the U.S., using a survey hosted on Qualtrics. The study describes the physical and mental health experiences of intersex adults, including differences by age (18 to 39 vs. 40 and older). Questions were derived from national (Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System) and intersex-related health studies.ResultsA non-probability sample of 198 intersex adults completed the survey over three months. Over 43% of participants rated their physic…

The gut microbiota - a modulator of endothelial cell function and a contributing environmental factor to arterial thrombosis.

2019

Introduction: There is emerging evidence linking the commensal gut microbiota with the development of cardiovascular disease and arterial thrombosis. In immunothrombosis, the host clotting system protects against the dissemination of invading microbes, not considering the huge number of microbes that interact with host physiology in a mutualistic fashion. Areas covered: Interestingly, recent research revealed that colonizing gut microbes profoundly influence host innate immune pathways that support arterial thrombus growth. The gut microbiota promotes arterial thrombus formation by enhancing the pro-adhesive capacity of the vascular endothelium, triggering hepatic von Willebrand factor synt…

Lipid profile during pregnancy in HIV-infected women

2006

Purpose: We investigated the evolution of serum lipid levels in HIV-infected pregnant women and the potential effect of antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy using data from a national surveillance study. Method: Fasting lipid measurements collected during routine care in pregnancy were used, analyzing longitudinal changes and differences in lipid values at each trimester by protease inhibitors (Pls) and stavudine use. Multivariate analyses were used to control for simultaneous factors potentially leading to hyperlipidemia. Study population included 248 women. Results: Lipid values increased progressively and significantly during pregnancy: mean increases between the first and third tri…

Sentieri: mortality, cancer incidence and hospital discharges. Summary

2014

Contenido preventivo en la negociación colectiva

2021

espanolEn este trabajo se realiza un analisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de los convenios colectivos de ambito estatal de los dos ultimos anos y medio en cuanto a la regulacion que contienen sobre la materia de seguridad y salud laboral. En este sentido, se procede a estudiar con detalle la regulacion convencional sobre la formacion, vigilancia de la salud, organos de representacion de los trabajadores, colectivos con proteccion especial y nuevos riesgos emergentes, en concreto, el acoso moral. Se concluye en general, que, desafortunadamente, y aunque se ha conseguido un avance importante al respecto, en los momentos actuales, y en general, la materia preventiva aun no ha tenido un adecuado…