Search results for " Vitro"
showing 10 items of 2728 documents
The antioxidant 2,3‐dichloro,5,8‐dihydroxy,1,4‐naphthoquinone inhibits acetyl‐cholinesterase activity and amyloid β 42 aggregation: A dual target the…
2020
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by amyloid β aggregation and cholinergic neurodegeneration. In the present study, pure DDN (2,3-dichloro-5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) was examined, for the first time, for its dual potential as inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Aβ42 aggregation. Such investigation was encouraged by the in vitro high antioxidant potential of DDN. Indeed, it revealed interesting antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 9.8 and 4.3 µM for ABTS and reducing power, respectively. The ability of DDN to counteract Aβ42 aggregation was evaluated by thioflavine-T assay. Strong inhibition of Aβ42 aggregation of more than 90% at 25 µM was measured. Moreover, results …
High‐power ultrasound altered the polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity in cloudy apple juice during storage
2019
The aim was to investigate the influence of high‐power ultrasound treatment (HPU) on polyphenolic stability and antioxidant capacity in cloudy apple juice during 7 days of storage at 4°C. HPU (100 W, 30 kHz frequency) was operated at: (i) amplitude 40 versus 80%, (ii) the probe diameter 7 versus 10 mm, and (iii) treatment time of 3, 6, and 9 min. Total phenols (TP), total flavan‐3‐ols (TFL), and in vitro antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP) were determined spectrophotometrically. Findings revealed that HPU significantly decreased TP, TFL, and antioxidant capacity in the samples. However, results indicated that examined sonication parameters, represented as the probe diameter and treatment t…
Is in vitro micrografting a possible valid alternative to traditional micropropagation in Cactaceae? Pelecyphora aselliformis as a case study
2016
Several taxa of Cactaceae are endangered by overcollection for commercial purposes, and most of the family is included in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora (CITES). Micropropagation may play a key role to keep the pressure off wild populations and contribute to ex situ conservation of endangered taxa. One of the limits of micropropagation is the species-specific requirement of plant regulators for each taxon and sometimes even for different genotypes. With the micrografting technique the rootstock directly provides the scion with the necessary hormonal requirements. In this paper we present data on in vitro grafting of Pelecyphora aselliformis Eh…
Evaluation of some growth regulator effects on encapsulated in vitro-derived microcuttings of three Italian Ficus carica L. genotypes.
2017
In this study, the encapsulation technology based on the calcium alginate coating was applied to some Ficus carica L. genotypes. Uninodal microcuttings (3-4 mm long), excised from in vitro proliferating shoots of three Italian cultivars (‘Bifera’, ‘Palazzo’ and ‘Catalanisca’), were employed. The influence of three different plant growth regulators (PGRs): 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), meta-topolin (MT) and zeatine (ZEA), added to the artificial endosperm, were evaluated. Particularly, the viability, regrowth and conversion parameters of the synthetic seeds were registered after 60 days from the sowing on a hormone-free medium. Results showed that the cultivars ‘Catalanisca’ and ‘Palazzo’ showe…
Responses of tobacco to elicitins, proteins from Phytophthora spp. eliciting acquired resistance
1994
With the exception of Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae (Ppn), the tobacco black-shank causing agent, Phytophthoras give rise to non-host interactions with tobacco. The resulting local hypersensitive response (HR) is accompanied by necrotic spots on the leaves at distance from the infection site [1]. Low molecular weight proteins are excreted by these Phytophthoras, both in planta and in vitro. They form a family of highly homologous holoproteins, called elicitins [2]. Tobacco plants treated with purified elicitins develop necrotic symptoms similar to those induced by the live fungus, and become resistant to further inoculation with Ppn [3]. Elicitin-treated tobacco represent an attra…
Sourdough “ciabatta” bread enriched with powdered insects: Physicochemical, microbiological, and simulated intestinal digesta functional properties
2021
Abstract Powdered mealworm (MW) and buffalo worm (BW) larvae were used to functionalize sourdough Italian-style breads. Sourdough inoculum was started with Levilactobacillus brevis, Weissella cibaria and Leuconostoc citreum. The doughs were SBS (semolina plus powdered BW larvae and sourdough) and SMS (semolina plus powdered MW larvae and sourdough) whose pHs (4.32 and 4.21, respectively) were higher than that of control (3.81). The highest fermentation quotient (lactate/acetate molar ratio) was recorded in SMS (4.46). LAB reached viable counts of about 109 CFU g−1 in almost all doughs. Insects impacted bread VOCs with dodecanal, 2.4-dodecadienal and 2-octenal-2-butyl. SBS and SMS increased …
New Acyclic Cytotoxic Jasplakinolide Derivative from the Marine Sponge Jaspis splendens
2019
A new acylic jasplakinolide congener (2), another acyclic derivative requiring revision (4), together with two jasplakinolide derivatives including the parent compound jasplakinolide (1) were isolated from the Indonesian marine sponge Jaspis splendens. The chemical structures of the new and known compounds were unambiguously elucidated based on HRESIMS and exhaustive 1D and 2D NMR spectral analysis as well as a comparison of their NMR data with those of jasplakinolide (1). The isolated jasplakinolides inhibited the growth of mouse lymphoma (L5178Y) cells in vitro with IC50 values in the low micromolar to nanomolar range.
Valorisation of Persimmon and Blueberry By-Products to Obtain Functional Powders: in vitro Digestion and Fermentation by Gut Microbiota
2020
[EN] Globalization of fruit and vegetable markets generates overproduction, surpluses, and potentially valuable residues. The valorization of these byproducts constitutes a challenge, to ensure sustainability and reintroduce them into the food chain. This work focuses on blueberry and persimmon residues, rich in polyphenols and carotenoids, to obtain powders with high added value to be used as ingredients in food formulation. These powders have been characterized, and the changes in the bioactive compounds in in vitro gastrointestinal digestion have been evaluated. The results indicated that the type of residue, the drying process, as well as the content and type of fiber determine the rele…
In vitro comparison of primary stability of two implant designs in D3 bone
2016
Background Primary stability (PS) is a key factor for implant survival rate and depends on implant design or bone quality. The aim of this study was to compare different thread designs implants, evaluating PS with periotest values (PV) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) values through resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Material and Methods A total of 60 implants (Radhex®, Inmet-Garnick S.A., Guadalajara, Spain) were placed in freshly bovine ribs in vitro. Two designs were used: 30 tapered body with single thread design (PHI) and 30 tapered body with double thread design implants (PHIA). Both designs were 4mm wide and 12mm long. Implants were placed according to manufacturer’s guidelines.…
Assessing the Histone Deacetylase Activity of SIRT6 in Primary Murine Hepatocytes via Proximity Ligation Assay
2016
Generation of primary cell culture of hepatocytes by mouse liver perfusion (MLP) combines the advantages of in vivo and in vitro models. It provides hepatocytes that grow under physiological conditions in mice, with the genotype of the whole organism or a specific gene knockout. In contrast to immortalized cell cultures, primary murine hepatocytes (pmHep) are non-cancerous cells with a limited lifespan but still amenable to classical in vitro methods such as treatment with drugs, small molecule inhibitors, and agonistic/antagonistic antibodies of surface receptors as well as transfection. One technique, which has gained popularity recently, is the analysis of protein-protein interactions by…