Search results for " Vitro"

showing 10 items of 2728 documents

Effect of the serum from multiple sclerosis patients on an in vitro model of blood-brain barrier.

2008

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by focal inflammatory demyelination, largely due to autoimmune responses against different components of the myelin sheet. It is also generally accepted that the pathogenesis of MS consists of inflammatory and neurodegenerative phases, where demyelination should produce partially reversible clinical deficits that can remit, due to limited remyelination, while axonal degeneration produces permanent non-remitting clinical damage. It is also assumed that nervous system inflammation is initiated by autoreactive, myelin-specific T cells that permeate the blood-brain barrier and trigger a series of events leading to tissue destruction. In addition to antib…

multiple sclerosiin vitro modelSettore BIO/10 - Biochimicaneuronal damageblood-brain barrierbrain cell culture
researchProduct

An approach to a biomimetic bone scaffold: increased expression of BMP-2 and of osteoprotegerin in SaOS-2 cells grown onto silica-biologized 3D print…

2012

Three-dimensional printed (3D printed) bone material is needed to close the shortage and to avoid the potential health risks associated with autografts and allografts, in the treatment of bone fractures/nonunions or bone trauma. Here we describe the fabrication of 3D printed scaffold, initially prepared form Ca-sulfate that has been impregnated/biologized with Ca-phosphate or with silica. The 3D printed grids had a size mesh of 200 μm; the chemical composition was determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy or conventional chemical analysis. Using human SaOS-2 cells (human osteogenic cells) it is shown that both the Ca-sulfate, and the Ca-phosphate or the silica impregnated Ca-sulfat…

musculoskeletal diseases0303 health sciencesScaffoldbiologyChemistryGeneral Chemical Engineering02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBone morphogenetic protein 2In vitro03 medical and health sciencesmedicine.anatomical_structureOsteoprotegerinOsteoclastIn vivoRANKLmedicinebiology.proteinBiophysics0210 nano-technologySaos-2 cells030304 developmental biologyRSC Adv.
researchProduct

The soluble terminal complement complex (SC5b-9) up-regulates osteoprotegerin expression and release by endothelial cells: Implications in rheumatoid…

2009

Objective. Complement activation products contribute to a large number of inflammatory diseases, including RA. We have investigated whether osteoprotegerin (OPG) may concur with the soluble terminal complement complex (SC5b-9) to the inflammatory cascade characterizing RA. Methods. Levels of SC5b-9 and OPG in the plasma and SF of patients with active RA were determined by ELISA. The presence of SC5b-9 and OPG in RA synovial lesions was analysed by immunohistochemistry. Cultured endothelial cells were used for in vitro leucocyte/endothelial cell adhesion assays. In addition, endothelial cells were exposed to SC5b-9 in order to evaluate the effects on the production of OPG protein, as well as…

musculoskeletal diseasesAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyComplement systemEndotheliumNeutrophilsArthritisInflammationComplement Membrane Attack ComplexArthritis RheumatoidEndothelium; Osteoprotegerin; Inflammation; Complement systemRheumatologyOsteoprotegerinInternal medicineCell AdhesionMedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)EndotheliumCells CulturedAgedInflammationEndothelial CellDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryNeutrophilSynovial MembraneOsteoprotegerinEndothelial CellsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseIn vitroComplement systemUp-RegulationEndothelial stem cellEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeutrophil InfiltrationFemaleComplement system; Endothelium; Inflammation; Osteoprotegerin; Adult; Aged; Arthritis Rheumatoid; Cell Adhesion; Cells Cultured; Complement Membrane Attack Complex; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Endothelial Cells; Endothelium Vascular; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophil Infiltration; Neutrophils; Osteoprotegerin; Synovial Membrane; Up-Regulation; Rheumatology; Pharmacology (medical)Endothelium Vascularmedicine.symptombusinessComplement membrane attack complexHuman
researchProduct

Osteoprotegerin: multiple partners for multiple functions.

2013

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is an essential secreted protein in bone turnover due to its role as a decoy receptor for the Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kB ligand (RANKL) in the osteoclasts, thus inhibiting their differentiation. However, there are additional ligands of OPG that confer various biological functions. OPG can promote cell survival, cell proliferation and facilitates migration by binding TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), glycosaminoglycans or proteoglycans. A large number of in vitro, pre-clinical and clinical studies provide evidences of OPG involvement in vascular, bone, immune and tumor biology. This review describes an overview of the different OPG ligands regu…

musculoskeletal diseasesCell SurvivalEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismImmunologyOsteoclastsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyTNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing LigandOsteoprotegerinImmunology and AllergyAnimalsHumansCell adhesionReceptorCell ProliferationbiologyActivator (genetics)Cell growthChemistryRANK LigandOsteoprotegerinCell DifferentiationIn vitroCell biologyBiochemistryRANKLbiology.proteinDecoyCytokinegrowth factor reviews
researchProduct

In-Vitro-Effects of TNF-A and IL-1-Antagonists on the Cytokine Network of Patients with Oligoarticular Idiopathic Arthritis (OJIA)

2011

In-Vitro-Effects of TNF-A and IL-1-Antagonists on the Cytokine Network of Patients with Oligoarticular Idiopathic Arthritis (OJIA)

musculoskeletal diseasesCytokine Networkbusiness.industryPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthImmunologymedicineArthritisTumor necrosis factor alphaskin and connective tissue diseasesmedicine.diseasebusinessIn vitroPediatric Research
researchProduct

Fertility in McCune Albright syndrome female: A case study focusing on AMH as a marker of ovarian dysfunction and a literature review.

2021

Abstract Background The molecular basis of McCune Albright syndrome (MAS) is a recurrent GNAS Postzygotic gain of function sporadic mutation, resulting in a mosaic disease. Most of girls present precocious puberty, caused by the development of recurrent ovarian cysts with autonomous Hyperestrogenic stimulation. After menarche, the majority of patients with ovarian GNAS mutation have menstrual disturbances and infertility. Objectives We wanted to focus on the fertility of MAS females and propose an appropriate management, by a detailed case report and an exhaustive review of the literature on fertility and pregnancy in MAS females. Results We present the case of a 29-year-old MAS female, who…

musculoskeletal diseasesInfertilityAdultAnti-Mullerian Hormoneendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesGenetic counselingmedicine.medical_treatmentOvariectomyFertilization in VitroFibrous Dysplasia PolyostoticMcCune–Albright syndrome03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFollicular phasemedicineGNAS complex locusPrecocious pubertyHumansGynecology030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineIn vitro fertilisationbiologybusiness.industryObstetrics and GynecologyOophorectomymedicine.diseasefemale genital diseases and pregnancy complicationsReproductive Medicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesisbiology.proteinFemalebusinessInfertility Femalehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsJournal of gynecology obstetrics and human reproduction
researchProduct

The influence of lateral release on patello-femoral joint loading in knee arthroplasty

1992

Eight fresh, cadaveric knees have been fitted with four different total knee cemented prostheses. Loading forces at the bone implant fixation interface of the patella component have been measured in a knee joint testing rig by four miniaturized force transducers, before and after a lateral release of the patellar retinaculum. The lateral release resulted in a significant local force reduction in the lateral and/or proximal quadrant of the patella resection plane depending on the knee flexion angle, quadriceps tensile force direction, and the patellar prosthesis design.

musculoskeletal diseasesKnee Jointmedicine.medical_treatmentTransducersIn Vitro TechniquesKnee JointProsthesis DesignProsthesisWeight-BearingCadaverHumansMedicineOrthopedics and Sports MedicineFixation (histology)OrthodonticsLateral releasebusiness.industryPatellamusculoskeletal systemArthroplastyLigaments ArticularSurgeryPatellaKnee ProsthesisbusinessCadaveric spasmhuman activitiesInternational Orthopaedics
researchProduct

Mechanical activity of small and large intestine in normal and mdx mice: a comparative analysis.

1999

The aim of this study was to compare the motor pattern (recorded as changes in intraluminal pressure) of isolated duodenum and proximal colon between dystrophic mdx and normal mice. When duodenal recordings from control preparations were compared with mdx mice there was no significant difference in the spontaneous motor pattern, responses to electrical nerve stimulation or sensitivity to pharmacological agents. Colonic segments from mdx mice showed a more complex motor pattern, consisting of contractions with amplitude and frequency similar to those of controls and by additional contractions with lower amplitude and higher frequency. Moreover, 70% of the colonic preparations from mdx mice d…

musculoskeletal diseasesMalecongenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalitiesmedicine.medical_specialtyNerve stimulationPhysiologyColonDuodenumDuchenne muscular dystrophyIn Vitro TechniquesInhibitory postsynaptic potentialNitric oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceReference ValuesInternal medicineIntestine SmallmedicineAnimalsLarge intestineProximal colonIntestine LargeEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsChemistrySignificant differenceGastroenterologyAnatomyMuscular Dystrophy Animalmusculoskeletal systemmedicine.diseaseElectric StimulationBiomechanical PhenomenaMice Inbred C57BLmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyDuodenumMice Inbred mdxGastrointestinal MotilityNeurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society
researchProduct

Duodenal contractile activity in dystrophic (mdx) mice: reduction of nitric oxide influence.

2003

The present study was undertaken to analyse duodenal contractility in adult dystrophic (mdx) mice. The spontaneous changes of the isometric tension and the responses of longitudinal duodenal muscle to nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) nerve stimulation and to exogenous drugs were compared between normal and mdx mice. Duodenal segments from mdx mice displayed spontaneous contractions with higher frequency than normals. N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) increased the frequency of contractions in normals without affecting that in mdx mice. In normals, NANC nerve stimulation elicited a transient relaxation abolished by L-NAME. In mdx mice a frank relaxation was not observed, the…

musculoskeletal diseasesMalemedicine.medical_specialtyNerve stimulationPhysiologyDuodenumInhibitory pathwayIsometric exerciseIn Vitro TechniquesInhibitory postsynaptic potentialNitric OxideSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaNitric oxideContractilityDystrophinchemistry.chemical_compoundMiceSmooth muscleInternal medicinemedicineSpontaneous contractionAnimalsNeuroscience (all)biologyDose-Response Relationship DrugEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsIntestinal relaxationGastroenterologymusculoskeletal systemMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologychemistrybiology.proteinMice Inbred mdxmdx miceSodium nitroprussideDystrophinGastrointestinal Motilitytissuesmedicine.drugMuscle ContractionNeurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society
researchProduct

Traction test of temporary dental cements

2017

Background Classic self-curing temporary cements obstruct the translucence of provisional restorations. New dual-cure esthetic temporary cements need investigation and comparison with classic cements to ensure that they are equally retentive and provide adequate translucence. The objective is to analyze by means of traction testing in a in vitro study the retention of five temporary cements. Material and methods Ten molars were prepared and ten provisional resin restorations were fabricated using CAD-CAM technology (n=10). Five temporary cements were selected: self-curing temporary cements, Dycal (D), Temp Bond (TB), Temp Bond Non Eugenol (TBNE); dual-curing esthetic cements Temp Bond Clear…

musculoskeletal diseasesMolarMaterials sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentResin restorationsDentistry02 engineering and technology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDental cementmedicineIn vitro studyGeneral DentistryProsthetic Dentistrybusiness.industryResearchtechnology industry and agriculture030206 dentistryTraction (orthopedics):CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]equipment and supplies021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologysurgical procedures operativeUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS0210 nano-technologybusinessJournal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
researchProduct