Search results for " WHO"

showing 10 items of 154 documents

Associations of fat mass and fat-free mass with physical fitness in 4-year-old children: Results from the MINISTOP trial

2016

Physical fitness is a powerful marker of health in youth. Studies in adolescents and adults suggest that higher fat mass is related to worse physical fitness. However, there is limited knowledge whether fat mass and fat-free mass are associated with physical fitness already in preschoolers. Baseline data from the MINISTOP (Mobile-based INtervention Intended to STop Obesity in Preschoolers) trial was utilized for this cross-sectional analysis. Body composition was assessed using air-displacement plethysmography. Fat mass index [fat mass (kg)/height(2) (m)] and fat-free mass index [fat-free mass (kg)/height(2) (m)] were used to provide height-adjusted measures of body composition. Physical fi…

MalePediatric Obesityair-displacement plethysmographyPhysical fitnessChild BehaviorMuscle DevelopmentPhysical strengthBody Mass IndexChild Development0302 clinical medicineMass index030212 general & internal medicineAdiposityNutrition and Dieteticscardiorespiratory fitnessta3141air-displacement plethysmography; body composition; cardiorespiratory fitness; muscular strength; motor fitness; preschoolNäringsläramotor fitnessChild PreschoolRegression AnalysisFemalemedicine.medical_specialty030209 endocrinology & metabolismArticlepreschoolFat mass03 medical and health sciencesFat free massmedicineHumansPlethysmographMuscle StrengthExercisekehonkoostumusPlethysmography Whole BodySwedenbody compositionBone Developmentbusiness.industryCardiorespiratory fitnessmedicine.diseaseObesityesikouluCross-Sectional StudiesPhysical FitnessPhysical therapySedentary Behaviorbusinessmuscular strengthBiomarkersFood ScienceDemographyNutrients
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Trends in the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy between 1991 and 2010

2012

The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s, but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma, asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy, in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993; n=6,031); the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000; n=18,873); and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2…

MalePediatricsCross-sectional study95% CI 1.19-1.59) from 1998-2000 to 2007-2010but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthmaAbstract The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990stemporal trendsSurveys and QuestionnairesEpidemiologySurveys and QuestionnaireMedicineasthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in ItalyYoung adultrespectively. The prevalence of current asthma was stable during the 1990s and increased (relative risk 1.38from 10.1% to 13.9% and from 16.8% to 25.8%education.field_of_studyAllergic rhinitis; Asthma; Epidemiology; Prevalence; Temporal trends; Wheezing;medicine.diagnostic_testSmokingthe median prevalence of current asthmaallergic rhinitis asthma epidemiology prevalence temporal trends wheezingItalyAbstract The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993; n=6031); the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000; n=18873); and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2010; n=10494). Time trends in prevalence were estimated using Poisson regression models in the centres that repeated the survey at different points in time. From 1991 to 2010 the median prevalence of current asthma wheezing and allergic rhinitis increased from 4.1% to 6.6% from 10.1% to 13.9% and from 16.8% to 25.8% respectively. The prevalence of current asthma was stable during the 1990s and increased (relative risk 1.38 95% CI 1.19-1.59) from 1998-2000 to 2007-2010 mainly in subjects who did not report allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased continuously since 1991. The asthma epidemic is not over in Italy. During the past 20 yrs asthma prevalence has increased by 38% in parallel with a similar increase in asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis.mainly in subjects who did not report allergic rhinitis. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis has increased continuously since 1991. The asthma epidemic is not over in Italy. During the past 20 yrssymbolsasthma prevalence has increased by 38%FemaleepidemiologyHumanPulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdult494). Time trends in prevalence were estimated using Poisson regression models in the centres that repeated the survey at different points in time. From 1991 to 2010in parallel with a similar increase in asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitismedicine.medical_specialtyRhinitis Allergic PerennialPopulationprevalencethe Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000Settore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio031)and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2010Settore MED/01 - Statistica Medicasymbols.namesakeYoung AdultAllergic rhinitiHumansRespiratory soundsPoisson regressioneducationAsthmaRespiratory SoundsCross-Sectional Studieallergic rhinitisbusiness.industrywheezingwheezing and allergic rhinitis increased from 4.1% to 6.6%Rhinitis Allergic Seasonalasthmain the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993medicine.disease873)Cross-Sectional Studiesn=10Relative riskTemporal trendRespiratory Soundn=6n=18business
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Measurement of phase I volume breath by breath in spontaneously breathing guinea pigs.

1990

A new method to determine phase I volume in tracheotomized spontaneously breathing guinea pigs is presented. Measurements were performed in three animals weighing 567-896 g. In simultaneous tracings of tidal volume (VT) and expiratory profiles of endogenous gases (PO2 or PCO2), the phase I volume of each breath was determined graphically as the volume expired up to the end of phase I of the expirogram. The mean phase I volume of different animals ranged from 0.29 to 0.43 ml with an arithmetic dispersion between 0.014 and 0.021 ml. Spontaneous sighs sometimes with doubling of the VT caused a significant rise of phase I volume up to 50% of the normal values. The linear regression curve was c…

MalePhysiologybusiness.industryChemistryPulmonary Gas ExchangeGuinea PigsBronchiRespiratory Dead SpacepCO2Volume (thermodynamics)Physiology (medical)AnesthesiaRespirationBreathingRespiratory MechanicsTidal VolumePlethysmographAnimalsLung volumesFemaleRespiratory systemNuclear medicinebusinessTidal volumePlethysmography Whole BodyJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
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Classic conditioning of the ventilatory responses in rats

1997

Nsegbe, Elise, Guy Vardon, Pierre Perruchet, and Jorge Gallego. Classic conditioning of the ventilatory responses in rats. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(4): 1174–1183, 1997.—Recent authors have stressed the role of conditioning in the control of breathing, but experimental evidence of this role is still sparse and contradictory. To establish that classic conditioning of the ventilatory responses can occur in rats, we performed a controlled experiment in which a 1-min tone [conditioned stimulus (CS)] was paired with a hypercapnic stimulus [8.5% CO2, unconditioned stimulus (US)]. The experimental group ( n = 9) received five paired CS-US presentations, followed by one CS alone to test conditioning. Th…

MalePhysiologybusiness.industryConditioning ClassicalClassical conditioningCarbon DioxideRatsAcoustic StimulationControl of respirationPhysiology (medical)AnesthesiaRespirationRespiratory MechanicsTidal VolumeAnimalsMedicineRespiratory controlRats WistarRespiratory systembusinessPlethysmography Whole BodyJournal of Applied Physiology
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Assessment of humoral and cell-mediated immunity against Bordetella pertussis in adolescent, adult, and senior subjects in Italy

2008

SUMMARYHumoral and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) againstB. pertussiswas assessed in a sample of adolescent, adult and senior subjects distributed in five different geographical areas in Italy. Most (99·1%) subjects had IgG anti-pertussis toxin (PT) antibodies exceeding the minimum detection level [⩾2 ELISA units (EU)/ml]. There were no significant differences between the genders; 6·2% samples recorded titres ⩾100 EU/ml. CMI was positive [stimulation index (SI) ⩾5] against PT in 39·0% of all samples. This study suggests thatB. pertussiscontinues to circulate in age groups that have been previously considered to be uninvolved in the circulation of this pathogen and that adolescent and adult pe…

MaleSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaCellular immunityBordetella pertussisEpidemiologyWhooping CoughBordetella pertussisSeroepidemiologic StudiesEpidemiology80 and overLymphocytesAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studybiologyadultBacterialMiddle AgedOriginal PapersAntibodies BacterialseniorInfectious DiseasesB. pertussis Humoral and cell-mediated immunity ELISAItalyFemaleAntibodyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyBordetella pertussiAdolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Antibodies Bacterial; Antitoxins; Bordetella pertussis; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Italy; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Whooping Cough; Epidemiology; Infectious DiseasesAdolescentPopulationEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayAntibodiesNOImmunitymedicineHumanseducationimmunità cellulo mediataAgedbusiness.industrybiology.organism_classificationadolescentImmunoglobulin GHumoral immunityImmunologyEtiologybiology.proteinimmunità umoraleAntitoxinsbusiness
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Time trends, characteristics, and evidence of scientific advances within the legal complaints for alleged sexual HIV transmission in Spain: 1996-2012.

2014

This article quantifies and characterizes existing legal complaints for the sexual transmission of HIV in Spain, describes temporal trends and whether advance of scientific knowledge is reflected in charging decisions, judicial reasoning, and sentences. Sentences and writs dictated by Spanish penal and civil jurisdictions between 1981 and 2012 were obtained through legal databases systematic search. Sixteen sentences and 9 writs belonging to 19 cases were included; 17 judged by penal and two by civil jurisdictions. The first sentence was pronounced in 1996, 3 between 1999 and 2000, 4 between 2001 and 2005, and 18 between 2006 and 2012. In 10 (53%) cases there was effective HIV transmission,…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyHealth Knowledge Attitudes PracticeHealth (social science)Sexual transmissionSocial PsychologySexual BehaviorHIV InfectionsMen who have sex with menCondomsCriminalizationmedicineHumansHiv transmissionPsychiatrySubstance Abuse IntravenousHealth policyCrime VictimsPlaintiffSocial Responsibilitybusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthJudicial opinionSexual PartnersSpainFemalebusinessSocial psychologySentenceAIDS care
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Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes

2020

Publisher's version (útgefin grein)

Maletert promoter mutationsCancer development and immune defence Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 2]DNA Mutational AnalysisNormal tissuesystematic analysisGermlineTranscriptome0302 clinical medicineAetiologyCàncerCellular SenescenceCancer0303 health sciencesdna-damageMassive parallel sequencingPan cancerREARRANGEMENTSHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingGenomicsSciences bio-médicales et agricolesTelomereCOMPREHENSIVE3. Good healthTERT PROMOTER MUTATIONSsignatures030220 oncology & carcinogenesisScience & Technology - Other TopicsErfðarannsóknirHuman:Informàtica::Aplicacions de la informàtica::Bioinformàtica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]EvolutionRNA SplicingGenomicsArticleEvolution MolecularStructural variationRC025403 medical and health sciencesSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingGeneticgenomicsSYSTEMATIC ANALYSISGeneticsGenomics--Databases.HumansGenetic TestingMolecular BiologySIGNATURESWhole genome sequencing1000 MultidisciplinaryChromothripsisScience & TechnologyRC0254 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology (including Cancer)Information DisseminationResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/mcrcPreventionBiology and Life SciencesMolecularOncogenesCloud Computingmedicine.diseaseGenòmicaCompute cloudsMutation570 Life sciences; biologyCOMPREHENSIVE CHARACTERIZATIONGenèticaWhole Genome Sequencing--methodsBackground informationDNA Mutational Analysis ; Evolution ; Genetic / genetics ; Genome ; Genomics ; Germ-Line Mutation / genetics ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Human / genetics ; Humans ; ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes ConsortiumMedizinGenomeWhole-genomeGenome mappingNeoplasms2.1 Biological and endogenous factorsPromoter Regions GeneticCàncer -- Aspectes genèticsTelomeraseGeneticsWomen's cancers Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 17]MultidisciplinaryChromothripsisGenomeManchester Cancer Research Centregenomics cancer profiling3rd-DAS10124 Institute of Molecular Life SciencesWomen's cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 17]Multidisciplinary SciencesParallel sequencingICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes ConsortiumFemaleprofilingMedical GeneticsEngineering sciences. TechnologyBiotechnologyGeneral Science & TechnologyThe Cancer Genome Atlas610 Medicine & healthComputational biologyQH426 GeneticsBiologyConsortium of the International Cancer Genome ConsortiumPromoter RegionsGermline mutationPan-cancer analysisKrabbameinsrannsóknirmedicinecancerddc:610QH426Germ-Line MutationMedicinsk genetikKrabbamein030304 developmental biologyCell ProliferationLANDSCAPEGenome Humancomprehensive characterizationPan-cancer analysis of whole genomesPoint mutationHuman GenomeCancerReproducibility of ResultsSOMATIC MUTATIONSEVOLUTIONCancer sequencing Chromothripsis telomereDNA-DAMAGEMutagenesisPATTERNS3111 BiomedicineCHARACTERIZATION
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Neurosurgical Odyssey: Case of Anaplastic Meningiomatosis.

2017

According to the World Health Organization grading, meningiomas are classified as grade I (benign), grade II (atypical), and grade III (anaplastic). Most of them (81%) are benign, 15% are atypical, and 4% are anaplastic. Metastasis is a rare event in meningiomas, occurring in <1% of cases. In most types of tumors, distant metastasis is an incontrovertible indication of malignancy. This is not so clearly the case with meningiomas, mostly in the multiple localization of these tumors, known as meningiomatosis. Here we would like to share our experience with a unique case of an atypical meningioma, which evolved in an anaplastic multiple meningiomatosis, invading the brain and associated wit…

Meningiomatosismedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industrySettore MED/27 - Neurochirurgiamedicine.diseaseMeningioma03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesismedicineMeningeal NeoplasmsHumansSurgeryNeurology (clinical)RadiologybusinessMeningioma WHO SurgeryMeningioma030217 neurology & neurosurgeryWorld neurosurgery
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From Microorganism-Based Amperometric Biosensors towards Microbial Fuel Cells

2021

This review focuses on the overview of microbial amperometric biosensors and microbial biofuel cells (MFC) and shows how very similar principles are applied for the design of both types of these bioelectronics-based devices. Most microorganism-based amperometric biosensors show poor specificity, but this drawback can be exploited in the design of microbial biofuel cells because this enables them to consume wider range of chemical fuels. The efficiency of the charge transfer is among the most challenging and critical issues during the development of any kind of biofuel cell. In most cases, particular redox mediators and nanomaterials are applied for the facilitation of charge transfer from a…

Microbial fuel cellBioelectric Energy SourcesPolymersMicroorganismNanotechnologyBiosensing TechniquesReview02 engineering and technologyyeastbioelectronicslcsh:Chemical technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryRedoxAnalytical ChemistryNanomaterialsmicrobial biosensorslcsh:TP1-1185microbial biofuel cells ; yeast ; direct electron transfer ; extracellular electron transfer ; cell membrane/wall modifications ; conducting polymers ; enzyme-based biofuel cells ; bioelectronics ; microbial biosensors ; whole cell-based biosensorsdirect electron transferenzyme-based biofuel cellsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringElectrodesconducting polymersInstrumentationwhole cell-based biosensorsConductive polymerBioelectronicsextracellular electron transferChemistryfungitechnology industry and agriculturefood and beveragesmicrobial biofuel cells021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencescell membrane/wall modificationsBiofuel0210 nano-technologyOxidation-ReductionBiosensorSensors
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Recent acquired STD and the use of HAART in the Italian Cohort of Naive for Antiretrovirals (I.Co.N.A): analysis of the incidence of newly acquired h…

2008

Objective: To estimate the incidence of newly acquired syphilis (n-syphilis) and hepatitis B infection (n-hepatitis B) in I.Co.N.A. and to evaluate the impact of HAART, calendar date and risk group. Methods: Cohort study: Incidence was calculated by person-years analyses. Poisson regression was used for the multivariate model. Results: The rate of n-syphilis was 23.4/1,000 PYFU and it increased over time; HIV transmission risk was the most important predictor: men who have sex with men (MSM) had a considerable higher risk (RR 5.92, 95% CI 2.95-12.13 vs IDU/exIDU, p < 0.0001). The rate of n-hepatitis B was 12.2/1,000 PYFU; it declined in recent years and halved per 10 years age. Patients wit…

Microbiology (medical)AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyHBsAgHAARTPopulationImmunologySexually Transmitted DiseasesHIV InfectionsLower riskRegression AnalysiMen who have sex with menCohort StudiesAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)Internal medicineAntiretroviral Therapy Highly ActivemedicineHumansHIV InfectionPoisson DistributionSyphilisHomosexuality MaleeducationMultivariate AnalysiSexually Transmitted Diseaseeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)Incidencevirus diseasesHIVGeneral MedicineHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseHepatitis BInfectious DiseasesSyphiliItalyImmunologyCohortMultivariate AnalysisHIV-1Regression AnalysisFemaleCohort StudiebusinessHumanInfection
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