Search results for " aging."

showing 10 items of 556 documents

What are the roles of calorie restriction and diet quality in promoting healthy longevity?

2014

Epidemiological and experimental data indicate that diet plays a central role in the pathogenesis of many age-associated chronic diseases, and in the biology of aging itself. Data from several animal studies suggest that the degree and time of calorie restriction (CR) onset, the timing of food intake as well as diet composition, play major roles in promoting health and longevity, breaking the old dogma that only calorie intake is important in extending healthy lifespan. Data from human studies indicate that long-term CR with adequate intake of nutrients results in several metabolic adaptations that reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and cance…

Agingmedicine.medical_specialtyDisease preventionTime Factorsmedia_common.quotation_subjectLongevityCalorie restrictionNutritional StatusPhysiologyType 2 diabetesDiseaseBiologyVegetarian dietBiochemistryCalorie restriction Diet quality Health Lifespan Vegetarian diet Disease preventionLife ExpectancyNutrientNeoplasmsInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansLife StyleMolecular BiologyCalorie restrictionCaloric Restrictionmedia_common2. Zero hungerLifespanAge FactorsLongevityCalorie restriction; Diet quality; Disease prevention; Health; Lifespan; Vegetarian diet; Age Factors; Aging; Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Longevity; Neoplasms; Nutritional Status; Time Factors; Caloric Restriction; Diet; Life Expectancy; Life Style; Risk Reduction BehaviorVegan Dietmedicine.diseaseDiet3. Good healthEndocrinologyNeurologyHealthCardiovascular DiseasesDietary Reference IntakeAnimal studiesEnergy MetabolismRisk Reduction BehaviorDiet qualityBiotechnology
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Glycogen synthase 2 is a novel target gene of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors.

2007

International audience; Glycogen synthase 2 (Gys-2) is the ratelimiting enzyme in the storage of glycogen in liver and adipose tissue, yet little is known about regulation of Gys-2 transcription. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors involved in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism and might be hypothesized to govern glycogen synthesis as well. Here, we show that Gys-2 is a direct target gene of PPARalpha, PPARbeta/delta and PPARgamma. Expression of Gys-2 is significantly reduced in adipose tissue of PPARalpha-/-, PPARbeta/delta-/- and PPARgamma+/- mice. Furthermore, synthetic PPARbeta/delta, and gamma agonists markedly up-regulate Gys-2…

Animals; Chromatin/ultrastructure; DNA Primers; Gene Expression Regulation Enzymologic; Glycogen Synthase/genetics; Hepatocytes/enzymology; Hepatocytes/physiology; Mice; Mice Knockout; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors/deficiency; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors/genetics; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA/genetics; RNA/isolation & purification; Rats; Transcription GeneticTranscription GeneticPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptorMESH : HepatocytesPPREPolymerase Chain Reactionadipose-tissuePPARMESH: HepatocytesMice0302 clinical medicineMESH: Animals610 Medicine & healthchemistry.chemical_classificationRegulation of gene expression0303 health sciencesGlycogenglycogen-synthaseChromatinGlycogen Synthase030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMESH : DNA PrimersmicroarrayMESH: DNA Primersmedicine.medical_specialtyHealth aging / healthy living [IGMD 5]fatty-acid oxidationliverGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicMESH: Chromatin03 medical and health sciencesskeletal-muscleGlycogen synthaseMolecular Biology[ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyHNF4αVLAGPharmacologybeta/deltaMESH: Polymerase Chain Reactionresponse elementsMESH : Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated ReceptorsEndocrinologychemistryMicrobial pathogenesis and host defense [UMCN 4.1]Response elementPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated ReceptorsAdipose tissueMESH: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptorsin-vivoMESH: Mice KnockoutTransactivationchemistry.chemical_compoundVoeding Metabolisme en GenomicaMESH : RNAMESH : Polymerase Chain ReactionMice KnockoutMESH : ChromatinMESH : RatsMESH: Gene Expression Regulation EnzymologicMetabolism and Genomicsadipose tissueMetabolisme en GenomicaMolecular MedicineNutrition Metabolism and GenomicsMESH : Glycogen SynthaseResearch ArticleMESH: Ratsglycogen synthase 2610 Medicine & healthBiologyMESH : Gene Expression Regulation EnzymologicCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceVoedingMESH: RNAInternal medicineMESH : MicemedicineAnimals[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyTranscription factorMESH: Micealpha ppar-alpha030304 developmental biologyNutritionDNA PrimersMESH: Glycogen SynthaseMESH: Transcription GeneticMESH : Transcription GeneticCell BiologyRatsgene transcriptionbiology.proteinHepatocytesRNAMESH : Mice KnockoutgammaMESH : Animalsmetabolism
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Free radical biology of the cardiovascular system

2012

Most cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), as well as age-related cardiovascular alterations, are accompanied by increases in oxidative stress, usually due to increased generation and/or decreased metabolism of ROS (reactive oxygen species; for example superoxide radicals) and RNS (reactive nitrogen species; for example peroxynitrite). The superoxide anion is generated by several enzymatic reactions, including a variety of NADPH oxidases and uncoupled eNOS (endothelial NO synthase). To relieve the burden caused by this generation of free radicals, which also occurs as part of normal physiological processes, such as mitochondrial respiratory chain activity, mammalian systems have developed endogen…

AntioxidantFree Radicalsmedicine.medical_treatmentmedicine.disease_causeCardiovascular SystemAntioxidantsRenin-Angiotensin Systemchemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineAnimalsHumansReactive nitrogen speciesFree-radical theory of agingchemistry.chemical_classificationClinical Trials as TopicReactive oxygen speciesChemistrySuperoxideFree Radical ScavengersGeneral MedicinePPAR gammaOxidative StressMitochondrial respiratory chainBiochemistryCardiovascular DiseasesPeroxynitriteOxidative stressClinical Science
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New insights to assess the consolidation of stone materials used in built heritage: the case study of ancient graffiti (Tituli Picti) in the archaeol…

2020

AbstractTituli Picti are an ancient form of urban graffiti very common in the archaeological site of Pompeii (Naples, South—Italy). They are generally made of red pigments applied on walls of Campanian ignimbrite. This paper deals with a scientific investigation aimed to their conservation. This is a challenging task since it requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes restorers, archaeologists and conservation scientists. The study has provided suggestions on the proper way to conserve Tituli Picti over time. In the present work, several specimens of Campanian ignimbrite were painted with red earth pigment; lime and Arabic gum have been used as binders as well. Such painted stones …

Archeologylcsh:QD71-142lcsh:Fine ArtsConsolidation (soil)Conservation Consolidation Tituli Picti of PompeiiArabicTituli Picti of Pompeii010401 analytical chemistrylcsh:Analytical chemistryThermal agingConservationTituli Picti of Pompeii Conservation Consolidation010502 geochemistry & geophysicsGraffiti01 natural sciencesArchaeologylanguage.human_language0104 chemical sciencesScotch tapelanguagelcsh:NBuilt heritageSettore GEO/09 -Georis. Miner.e Appl.Mineral.-Petrogr. per l'Ambi.ed i B.Cult.Consolidation0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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The mitochondrial‐derived peptide MOTS ‐c: a player in exceptional longevity?

2015

Mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDP) are encoded by functional short open reading frames in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). These include humanin, and the recently discovered mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c (MOTS-c). Although more research is needed, we suggest that the m.1382A>C polymorphism located in the MOTS-c encoding mtDNA, which is specific for the Northeast Asian population, may be among the putative biological mechanisms explaining the high longevity of Japanese people. 5.760 JCR (2015) Q1, 36/187 Cell biology, 3/49 Geriatrics & gerontology UEM

Asian Continental Ancestry GroupAgingMitochondrial DNAMitochondrial-Derived Peptide MOTS-cBiologíamedia_common.quotation_subjectLongevityMolecular biology of agingmitochondrial DNAGenética humanaMitochondrionBiologyDNA MitochondrialPolymorphism Single Nucleotidelongevity geneOpen Reading FramesAsian PeopleJapanCentenariansHumansmolecular biology of agingBiología humanaHumaninmedia_commonGeneticsBiología molecularGenMitochondrial DNA abnormalitiesLongevityCell Biologylongevity regulationLongevity geneMitochondrial DNAmitochondrial DNA abnormalitiesMitochondriaLongevity regulationOpen reading frameRNA RibosomalCommentaryAsian populationcentenariansPeptidesAging Cell
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Papel del estrés oxidativo en el envejecimiento cerebral y en la enfermedad de Alzheimer

2002

Biology PhysiologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDABiology NeuroscienceHealth Sciences Aging:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA [UNESCO]
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Severe hypoglycemia is associated with antidiabetic oral treatment compared with insulin analogs in nursing home patients with type 2 diabetes and de…

2015

Abstract Objectives Severe hypoglycemia is associated with cognitive decline and dementia in older persons with type 2 diabetes. The role of antidiabetic treatments on severe hypoglycemia is unknown in dementia. The aims were to determine the prevalence of severe hypoglycemic events and investigate associations among severe hypoglycemic and specific antidiabetic treatments (classes of oral agents and types of insulin analogs) in a large sample of nursing home patients with diabetes according to dementia status. Design Cross-sectional observational study. Setting A total of 150 nursing homes across Italy. Participants A total of 2258 patients with type 2 diabetes (dementia = 1138, no dementi…

Blood GlucoseMaleAgingSevere hypoglycemia dementia insulin analogs antidiabetic oral agents agingmedicine.medical_treatmentInsulin analogAdministration OralType 2 diabetesSeverity of Illness IndexInsulin AntagonistsReference ValuesOdds RatioPrevalenceHomes for the AgedInsulinReference ValueCognitive declineNursing (all)2901 Nursing (miscellaneous)General NursingAged 80 and overInsulin AntagonistMedicine (all)Health PolicyAging; Antidiabetic oral agents; Dementia; Insulin analogs; Severe hypoglycemia; Administration Oral; Age Distribution; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Blood Glucose; Confidence Intervals; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dementia; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Female; Homes for the Aged; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Insulin Antagonists; Italy; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Nursing Homes; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Prognosis; Reference Values; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Distribution; Sulfonylurea Compounds; Nursing (all)2901 Nursing (miscellaneous); Health PolicyGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedPrognosisSulfonylurea CompoundNursing HomeItalyFemaleHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyLogistic ModelPrognosiHypoglycemiaelderly patientsRisk AssessmentAge DistributionInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineConfidence IntervalsDementiaHumansHypoglycemic AgentsSex DistributionAgedAntidiabetic oral agentCross-Sectional StudieSevere hypoglycemiaHypoglycemic Agentbusiness.industryInsulinOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseHypoglycemiaNursing HomesEndocrinologyCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsSulfonylurea CompoundsDiabetes Mellitus Type 2DementiaGeriatrics and GerontologybusinessConfidence IntervalBody mass indexJournal of the American Medical Directors Association
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Serum ionized magnesium in diabetic older persons

2014

Objective. Several alterations of magnesium metabolism have been associated with type 2 diabetes pathophysiology, a condition particularly frequent in older persons. We aimed to evaluate serum total (Mg-tot) and serum ionized magnesium (Mg-ion) in older persons with type 2 diabetes in order to explore clinically applicable methods for the detection of magnesium deficit. Material/Methods: Mg-tot and Mg-ion were measured in 105 fasting subjects with type 2 diabetes (mean age: 71.10.8 years; M/F: 45/60) and in 100 age-matched non-diabetic control persons (mean age: 72.20.8 years; M/F: 42/58). Results: Mg-ion concentrations were significantly lower in diabetic persons compared with controls (…

Blood GlucoseMalemedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismchemistry.chemical_elementType 2 diabetesEnd stage renal diseaseMagnesium Ionized magnesium Diabetes Hypertension AgingEndocrinologyDiabetes mellitusInternal medicinemedicineHumansMagnesiumAgedSubclinical infectionGlycated HemoglobinChemistryMagnesiummedicine.diseasePathophysiologyBlood pressureEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Case-Control StudiesFemaleBody mass indexMetabolism
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FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF OLDER PERSONS: ROLE OF COMPREHENSIVE GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT IN GERIATRIC ONCOLOGY

2010

COMPREHENSIVE GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT CANCER AGING FUNCTIONAL DECLINE ADL IADLSettore MED/09 - Medicina Interna
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Collecting evidence for a stem cell hypothesis in HCC.

2010

Ever since Ernest McCulloch and James E Till defined essential stem cell properties, the field of stem cell biology has attracted increasing interest.1 Manipulating embryonic stem cells has resulted in advanced genetic technologies such as knock-out and transgenic animals, providing valuable models to study genetic influence on a wide variety of diseases.2 The success in manipulating stem cells and the ability to differentiate them into diverse tissues brought with them countless concepts of utilising stem cells in medicine. The idea of perpetually dividing pluripotent cells, capable of differentiating into nearly every possible cell or tissue type, seems like an inexhaustible resource for …

Carcinoma HepatocellularStem cell theory of agingLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyClinical uses of mesenchymal stem cellsBiologyEmbryonic stem cellCell biologyRecurrenceImmunologyBiomarkers TumorNeoplastic Stem CellsHumansStem cellProgenitor cellInduced pluripotent stem cellAdult stem cellStem cell transplantation for articular cartilage repairGut
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