Search results for " biosensor"
showing 10 items of 60 documents
Recent progress in optical and electrochemical biosensors for sensing of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin
2018
Abstract Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxic protein which produced from Clostridium botulinum and related species and it block acetylcholine release from presynaptic nerve terminals at the neuromuscular junctions. This toxin is life threatening for millions of people and growing menace to society since causing human botulism. Enzymatic activity of Botulinum neurotoxin within the cell made it hazardous and lead to flaccid paralysis. However, there isn't any reliable and precise remedy for this toxin. Therefore, there is an urgent need for early detection of this toxin in a fast and meticulous way with a robust and cost-effective relationship for real-time monitoring of Botulinum neurotoxin. Sev…
Concept of dynamic DNA network dedicated to DNA-Protein interactions studies
2007
The approach lies on the development of an original DNA biosensor. This self-assembled DNA biochip is constituted of a tethered lipid membrane presenting « protein/DNA » complexes. This unique assembly, using a highly flexible bifunctional molecular spacer and a fluidic matrix, allows the control of oligonucleotides surface density and their mobility thus favouring hybridization of the DNA probes in liquid environment and under weak constraints. Recent Surface Plasmon Resonance experiments lead to building of protein/DNA dimers presenting two special DNA sequences recognized by regulation proteins. We demonstrated the capacity and relevance of this biosensor in the case of an estrogen recep…
Rational backbone redesign of a fructosyl peptide oxidase to widen its active site access tunnel
2020
Fructosyl peptide oxidases (FPOXs) are enzymes currently used in enzymatic assays to measure the concentration of glycated hemoglobin and albumin in blood samples, which serve as biomarkers of diabetes. However, since FPOX are unable to work directly on glycated proteins, current enzymatic assays are based on a preliminary proteolytic digestion of the target proteins. Herein, to improve the speed and costs of the enzymatic assays for diabetes testing, we applied a rational design approach to engineer a novel enzyme with a wider access tunnel to the catalytic site, using a combination of Rosetta design and molecular dynamics simulations. Our final design, L3_35A, shows a significantly wider …
Electrochemical biosensors for glucose based on metal nanoparticles
2013
Abstract Nanotechnology has affected almost all aspects of biomedicine. The integration of nanomaterials has contributed to the selectivity, the versatility, the stability and especially the sensitivity of bioelectronic devices, including biosensors. In this field, nanomaterials have been employed as enzyme immobilizers, enzyme stabilizers, surface modifiers or labeling factors or have provided individualized catalytic effects. Among other sensing platforms, glucose biosensors are of special clinical and industrial significance because of their role in monitoring blood-glucose levels in diabetes mellitus, one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide. Similar to other sensing plat…
Development of biosensors for detection of alpha-fetoprotein: As a major biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma
2020
Abstract Alpha-fetoprotein as a multifunctional glycoprotein with a dual regulatory role in cancer and fetal activities is belonging to an albuminoid gene family. Due to important biological activities of alpha-fetoprotein in the adjustment of cancer, the level of this biomarker, majorly in liver carcinomas, abnormally is elevated. Also, the probability of high-risk or low-risk patients for chromosomal abnormalities can be identified by the serum level of alpha-fetoprotein. The detection of biomarkers possesses an important role in prognosis and early diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. So, the development of accurate and sensitive methods for measurement of alpha-fetoprotein is of grea…
Iron and iron-oxide magnetic nanoparticles as signal-amplification elements in electrochemical biosensing
2015
Abstract Growing demands for ultrasensitive biosensing have led to the development of numerous signal-amplification strategies. Based on their unique properties (i.e., electro-conductivity, bio-compatibility and ease of synthesis), various iron magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have proved to be an excellent nanomaterial for applications in electrochemical biosensing. This review shows how iron MNPs have made significant contributions in the development of electrochemical nanobiosensors, including immuno-, enzyme, DNA and aptamer types. More importantly, we discuss in detail different aspects of the electrochemical biosensors (e.g., modes of magnetic particles, detection techniques, analytes an…
Dendrimer-encapsulated and cored metal nanoparticles for electrochemical nanobiosensing
2014
Abstract We discuss nanosized dendrimers from the point of view of electrochemical-biosensor design. We review electrochemical biosensors based on dendrimer-encapsulated metal nanoparticles (NPs) and their various applications (e.g., measurement of small biological and toxic molecules, detection of DNA, and immunosensing of disease biomarkers). Finally, we discuss some future applications of electrochemical biosensors based on dendrimer-encapsulated metal NPs.
Electrochemical biosensing using hydrogel nanoparticles
2014
Abstract Biology and medicine have seen great advancements in the development of nanobiosensors capable of characterizing and quantifying biomolecules. This review reports a systematic study of the usefulness of hydrogel nanoparticles (HNPs) in the different steps of the electroanalytical process developed in electrochemical biosensing systems. We illustrate the advantages offered by HNPs in detection of analytes with representative recent examples that highlight the scientific interest in widening the use of HNPs in electrochemical biosensing methods. We review different types of HNP-based electrochemical biosensors, such as enzyme, protein, and nucleic acids, in terms of their sensing per…
Biosensors Applied to Quantification of Ethanol in Beverages
2019
Abstract The quality control in the processing of alcoholic beverages is major concern for producers and regulatory agencies, particularly for ethanol content which is mandatory in the label of alcoholic beverages in many countries. The use of biosensors can be of great interest in this context that usually requires laborious and costly protocols. Biosensors are composed by two principal components: the biological recognition element and the transducer. Particularly for ethanol evaluation, the use of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) or oxidase (AOX) is commonly reported in the literature which allowed the production of optical and electrochemical biosensors. These biosensors can aid in the deter…
Room-temperature ionic liquid-based electrochemical nanobiosensors
2012
Abstract Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have proved to be excellent materials for applications in electrochemistry. We review progress in constructing high-performance electrochemical biosensors. We also discuss: • different modified electrodes based on RTILs for biosensing applications; • different routes for enzyme biosensing based on RTIL-modified electrodes; • incorporation of biorecognition elements into RTIL-based electrodes; • electroanalytical applications of RTIL-based modified electrodes; and, • recent developments in which the advantages of ILs as a medium for biosensing were realized. We also summarize the latest developments in the applications of RTIL-based electrochem…