Search results for " breath."
showing 10 items of 195 documents
Impact of temperature on obstructive sleep apnoea in three different climate zones of Europe: Data from the European Sleep Apnoea Database (ESADA)
2021
Recent studies indicate that ambient temperature may modulate obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) severity. However, study results are contradictory warranting more investigation in this field. We analysed 19,293 patients of the European Sleep Apnoea Database (ESADA) cohort with restriction to the three predominant climate zones according to the Koppen-Geiger climate classification: Cfb (warm temperature, fully humid, warm summer), Csa (warm temperature, summer dry, hot summer), and Dfb (snow, fully humid, warm summer). Average outside temperature values were obtained and several hierarchical regression analyses were performed to investigate the impact of temperature on the apnea-hypopnea index …
Automatic bilevel ventilation (AutoBI) in obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (SDB): clinical features and compliance to treatment
2017
CPAP is the first-choice treatment for obstructive SDB, but the criteria to prescribe AutoBI are undefined. Trials of AutoBI ventilation in patients under titration for obstructive SDB from January 2015 to January 2017 ((n=67 out of 265 titrations) were reviewed to assess: a) their clinical features, b) the reason to shift from CPAP to AutoBI, and c) long-term compliance to treatment. AutoBI was used in cases of intolerance to high therapeutic CPAP levels (n=23) or incomplete resolution of SDB on CPAP (n=45). AutoBI failed in 11 patients (16.4%): 2 OSA patients (7.7%), 4 overlap patients (21%), and 5 OHS patients (22.7%). The Table reports the differences at diagnosis between patients presc…
Low invasive multisensor acquisition system for real-time monitoring of cardiovascular and respiratory parameters
2020
The recent advances in multiparametric monitoring of biosignals and management of big data prompt for the development of devices and techniques for the extraction of indicators with physiological relevance. In this context, we have designed and realized a portable electronic system, equipped with simple biomedical sensors, able to synchronously record multiple electrocardiographic (ECG), photoplethysmographic (PPG) and breathing signals, for carrying out a non-invasive monitoring of several cardiovascular parameters. In this work, we show the results of preliminary measurements performed following a specific physiological protocol (i.e., deep breathing with 10 s per cycle). The system allow…
Brain and Breathing
2014
Breathing is an essential feature of living organisms, and control of breathing is a very complex topic in human physiology. Breathing is differently modulated under conditions of wakefulness and sleep, and ventilation decreases during sleep in normal subjects. In patients with respiratory diseases, sleep represents a very vulnerable condition, since gas exchange usually worsens, especially in REM sleep. Several types of respiratory events can occur during sleep, and knowledge of control of breathing is essential to understand their pathophysiology. This chapter summarizes the main characteristics of ventilation during both wakefulness and sleep, the differences found between genders, and t…
Impact of rare diseases in oral health
2016
Background Rare diseases (RD) are those that present a lower prevalence than 5 cases per 10.000 population. The main objective of this review was to study the effect on oral health in rare diseases, while the secondary objective of the study is theme upgrade. Material and Methods Comparative observational case-control studies were analysed and a systematic review was conducted in PubMed. Each rare disease listed on the statistical data record of the Health Portal of the Ministry of Equality, Health and Social Policies Board of Andalusia was associated with “oral health”. The variables studied included dental, oral mucosa and occlusion alterations, oral pathologies (caries, periodontal disea…
Prevalence of the colonization of Helicobacter pylori among students of the school of dentistry, University of Granada, Spain
2016
Background The oral cavity is a reservoir for Helicobacter pylori, and occupations that involve close contact with it, like Dentistry, could entail a higher risk of colonization. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the length of stay at the School of Dentistry of the University of Granada could influence colonization by H. pylori, and to furthermore correlate colonization by H. pylori, with the state of oral health and oral hygiene habits. Material and Methods The study groups were: Group 1, 35 students of Odontology in their first year of studies; Group 2, the same 35 students when they were in their fifth academic year; Group 3, 35 students from University study programs unrelated wi…
Multipumping Nitrite Determination in Exhaled Breath Condensate
2006
Abstract A flow system based on multicommutation is proposed for the rapid, clean, and inexpensive determination of nitrites in small volumes of breath condensates. The procedure exploits the colorimetric detection of nitrite with the Griess reagent [0.03% naphthylethylene diamine dihydrochloride (NED), 0.5% sulpfhanilamide, and 3.0% phosphoric acid] in acidic medium at 540 nm correcting the variations of the baseline with measurements at 424 nm. The flow system was designed with a set of solenoid micropumps to minimize sample and reagent consumption and waste generation. The detection limit was estimated as 3.8 ng mL−1 (99.7% confidence level) with a linear response ranging up to 500 ng mL…
Helicobacter pylori Infection in Type 1 Diabetes Children and Adolescents Using 13C Urea Breath Test
2014
There is a 10–30% prevalence of HP infection in the general pediatric population in Poland. This study aimed to determine its prevalence in T1DM children in Upper Silesia, Poland and estimate its influence on metabolic control of patients. We studied 149(82♀) children with T1DM (duration >12 months, mean HbA1c) and 298(164♀) age-matched controls. In all cases height and weight z-scores and Cole’s index were assessed. In T1DM patients additionally glycated hemoglobin A1c and T1DM duration were analyzed. Presence of HP infection was determined using 13C-isotope-labeled urea breath test (UBT) (fasting and 30min after ingestion 75 mg of 13C urea). HP infection was present in 17 (11.4%) T1DM pat…
The 13C urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection
1999
Summary The urea breath test (UBT) is one of the most important non-invasive methods for detecting Helicobacter pylori infection. The test exploits the hydrolysis of orally administered urea by the enzyme urease, which H pylori produces in large quantities. Urea is hydrolysed to ammonia and carbon dioxide, which diVuses into the blood and is excreted by the lungs. Isotopically labelled CO2 can be detected in breath using various methods. Labelling urea with 13 C is becoming increasingly popular because this non-radioactive isotope is innocuous and can be safely used in children and women of childbearing age. Breath samples can also be sent by post or courier to remote analysis centres. The …