Search results for " coordination"
showing 10 items of 215 documents
Mushroom bodies enhance initial motor activity in Drosophila.
2009
The central body (or central complex, CCX) and the mushroom bodies (MBs) are brain structures in most insect phyla that have been shown to influence aspects of locomotion. The CCX regulates motor coordination and enhances activity while MBs have, thus far, been shown to suppress motor activity levels measured over time intervals ranging from hours to weeks. In this report, we investigate MB involvement in motor behavior during the initial stages (15 minutes) of walking in Buridan's paradigm. We measured aspects of walking in flies that had MB lesions induced by mutations in six different genes and by chemical ablation. All tested flies were later examined histologically to assess MB neuroan…
Gender-dependent behavioural impairment and brain metabolites in young adult rats after short term exposure to lead acetate
2012
We investigated the behavioural effects of short-term lead (Pb) exposure in adult rats producing blood Pb concentration (<10. μg/dL) below those associated with neurological impairment in occupationally exposed individuals. In order to assess gender differences, we performed parallel behavioural experiments in male and female rats. Exposure to Pb acetate (50. mg/L in drinking water) for 30-45 days induced behavioural alterations consisting in hyperactivity in a novel environment and impairment of spatial memory. These effects were observed only in male rats. Object recognition, motor coordination were unaffected by Pb exposure. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy allows . in vivo assessment of …
Can loss of sensory attenuation be accurately demonstrated using two effectors simultaneously?
2015
Sir, Recently, Parees and colleagues (2014) compared patients with functional (psychogenic) movement disorders and healthy subjects who were asked to match a force delivered to their left finger by pressing on it directly, or by operating a joystick to press down on it, with the other hand. They observed that healthy subjects generated more force than required when pressing directly on their finger (compared with using the joystick), whereas patients did not. They interpreted and discussed this result as a loss of sensory attenuation that typically occurs in healthy subjects during self-generated movements and suggested by return, that it illustrates an altered sense of agency for the patie…
Thigh muscle function in stroke patients revealed by velocity-encoded cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging.
2008
Current methods of clinical assessment of muscle coordination and function after stroke do not provide information on deep muscles. The objective of this study was to examine how stroke affects both superficial and deep muscles' coordination and whether muscle function improves after rehabilitation. Muscle function, coordination, and activity of quadriceps femoris (QF) and hamstrings were evaluated in 10 stroke patients with mild hemiparesis and in 6 controls using velocity-encoded cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (VE-PC MRI), surface electromyography (sEMG), and maximal voluntary isometric contraction torque (MVC). At baseline, the peak muscle velocity of the rectus femoris (…
Psychomotor, Psychosocial and Reading Skills in Children with Amblyopia and the Effect of Different Treatments
2020
Amblyopia influences psychomotor and psychosocial skills, although not all studies are unanimous. Different treatments coexist, but the effect on those variables is not clear. This study aims to probe whether children with amblyopia have impairments in these areas and if different optometric treatments reduce them effectively. 50 children, diagnosed with amblyopia, and 33 without amblyopia participated in this study. Eye-hand coordination, psychosocial skills and reading abilities, were measured before and after three months of different treatments (patch, patch and near vision activities and perceptual learning). Results revealed lower scores in eye-hand coordination and some reading issue…
Objectively assessed vigorous physical activity and motor coordination are associated in 11‐year old children
2019
This cross‐sectional study examined the associations between gender, sports club (SC) participation, physical activity (PA), motor coordination (MQ) and object control skill (TC). 11 year‐old children (n = 477) wore accelerometers during seven consecutive days for the analysis of moderate PA (MPA) and vigorous PA (VPA). To detect motor competence (MC), children's motor coordination was measured using the KTK (MQ), and object control skill with throw‐and‐catch task (TC). Sports club (SC) status was obtained by a questionnaire. Boys had higher levels of MPA (F = 50.45, P<0.001) and VPA (F = 11.13, P = 0.001), and were better in TC (F = 39.83, P < 0.001) than girls. SC participants outperforme…
Effect of modulator connectivity on promoting defectivity in titanium–organic frameworks
2020
The recognition of defect chemistry as a true synthetic tool for targeted creation of defects and controllable performance remains limited by the pool of frameworks explored. The value of defect engineering in controlling the properties of defective frameworks has been beautifully exemplified and largely demonstrated with UiO-type materials based on Zr(iv) nodes. However, titanium–organic frameworks remain largely unexplored in this context arguably due to the complex chemistry in solution of Ti(iv) and the difficulties in growing crystalline solids. We report a systematic study on the ability of mono- and dicarboxylic modulators (benzoic and isophthalic acid) to promote defect creation in …
Self-Assembly of 1D/2D Hybrid Nanostructures Consisting of a Cd(II) Coordination Polymer and NiAl-Layered Double Hydroxides
2015
The preparation and characterization of a novel hybrid material based on the combination of a 2D-layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets and a 1D-coordination polymer (1D-CP) has been achieved through a simple mixture of suspensions of both building blocks via an exfoliation/restacking approach. The hybrid material has been thoroughly characterized demonstrating that the 1D-CP moieties are intercalated as well as adsorbed on the surface of the LDH, giving rise to a layered assembly with the coexistence of the functionalities of their initial constituents. This hybrid represents the first example of the assembly of 1D/2D nanomaterials combining LDH with CP and opens the door for a plethora…
An automated procedure for computing the packing properties of dense and locked sands by image analysis of thin sections
2014
The macroscopic mechanical behaviour of dense sands originates to a great extent from their microstructural characteristics such as the coordination number, the grain contact and the packing density indexes. The study of intergranular contacts and the reckoning of these indexes may be carried out on planar images of the grains either by means of time-consuming visual inspection assisted by CAD or by automatic image analysis. An innovative method for the automatic determination of microstructural characteristics of sands based on image analysis of thin section is proposed. Tests performed on a locked sand show that the proposed method is much more effective, convenient and faster than the us…
Enhancement of guest-responsivity by mesocrystallization of porous coordination polymers
2017
Mesocrystals of a porous coordination polymer {Fe(pz)[Pt(CN)4]} (1) showing spin transition were prepared by the reverse micelle method, and the size-controlled mesocrystal 1 kept its porous property and magnetic bistability and exhibited higher guest-responsivity with switching the spin state in both solid and aqueous suspension states than the bulk 1.