Search results for " diffraction"

showing 10 items of 896 documents

Interaction of oxygen with Mo(100), Mo(110), and Mo(111) surfaces. RHEED and AES analyses of the molybdenum oxide nucleation and growth

1991

Abstract A study of the nucleation and growth of MoO 3 generated by interaction of oxygen with Mo(100), Mo(110), and Mo(111) single crystalline surfaces is investigated at high oxygen pressure (10 4 Pa) and low temperature (620 to 820 K). The results of RHEED and AES analyses prove that under these oxidation conditions, MoO 3 nucleates directly from the metal without intermediate formation of MoO 2 or nonstoichiometric molybdenum oxide such as Mo 4 O 11 . The structure and orientation of MoO 3 nuclei are characterized in relation with the parent molybdenum surface. On the Mo(110) and Mo(111) surfaces, which are faceting, the nucleation and growth of MoO 3 takes place by successive structura…

Reflection high-energy electron diffractionDiffusionNucleationchemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsEpitaxyOxygenElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsInorganic ChemistryFacetingMetalCrystallographychemistryMolybdenumvisual_artMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryJournal of Solid State Chemistry
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Morphology and magnetoresistance of Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al-based tunnelling junctions

2009

Some ferromagnetic Heusler compounds are theoretically predicted to be half metallic materials, i.e. to be characterized by a huge spin polarization at the Fermi energy. We investigate the correlations between junction preparation conditions, morphology and transport properties of planar MgO/Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al/AlOx/Co/CoOx/Pt tunnelling junctions. Epitaxial Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al thin films were deposited by dc and rf magnetron sputtering on different buffer layers (Cr, Fe, MgO) on MgO(1 0 0) substrates. By RHEED, LEED and in situ STM investigations different surface morphologies were observed. Atomically flat surfaces with Co2Cr0.6Fe0.4Al unit cell sized steps (B2 structure) were obtained by rf sput…

Reflection high-energy electron diffractionMaterials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsCondensed matter physicsMetallurgySputter depositionCondensed Matter PhysicsEpitaxySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionTunnel magnetoresistancelawSputteringScanning tunneling microscopeThin filmQuantum tunnellingJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics
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Electron Diffraction Reinvestigation of CdCr<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>4</sub> and ZnCr<sub>2-x</sub>V<sub>x</su…

2013

Crystal structure of two spinel single crystals CdCr2Se4 and ZnCr2-xVxSe4 have been reinvestigated using automated electron diffraction tomography method with beam precession. 3D reciprocal space have been reconstructed base on recorded tilt series. For both samples crystal structure was refined and the cubic symmetry with space group Fd-3m was confirmed. No additional electron potential has been located beside occupied atom sites.

Reflection high-energy electron diffractionMaterials scienceGas electron diffractionSpinelCrystal structureengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCrystallographyElectron diffractionengineeringPrecession electron diffractionGeneral Materials SciencePowder diffractionElectron backscatter diffractionSolid State Phenomena
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Ex situ investigations of MOCVD-grown gallium nitride nanowires using reflection high energy electron diffraction

2011

Vertically oriented nanowires (NWs) of single-crystalline wurtzite GaN have been fabricated on sapphire substrates, via metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). We present ex situ investigations on orientation and structure of grown GaN nanowires on GaN(0001) surface using reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED). Both ordered and randomly oriented GaN crystalline structures have been detected.

Reflection high-energy electron diffractionMaterials sciencebusiness.industryNanowireGallium nitrideChemical vapor depositionCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryElectron diffractionSapphireOptoelectronicsMetalorganic vapour phase epitaxybusinessWurtzite crystal structureIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Crystal structure and microstructure of synthetic hexagonal magnesium–cobalt cordierite solid solutions (Mg2−2xCo2xAl4Si5O18)

2013

Co2+-containing cordierite glasses, of nominal compositions (Mg1−xCox)2Al4Si5O18(withx= 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1), were prepared by melting colloidal gel precursors. After isothermal heating at 1273 K for around 28 h, a single-phase α-cordierite (high-temperature hexagonal polymorph) was synthesized. All materials were investigated using X-ray powder diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The crystal structure and microstructure were determined from X-ray diffraction patterns. Rietveld refinement confirmed the formation of magnesium–cobalt cordierite solid solutions. The unit-cell volume increased with the increase of cobalt content in the starting glass. The crysta…

Rietveld refinementChemistryMetals and AlloysNucleationCordieriteGeneral Medicineengineering.materialMicrostructureGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionCrystallographylawMaterials ChemistryengineeringCrystalliteCrystallizationPowder diffractionSolid solutionActa Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials
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X-ray powder diffraction study of monoclinic V4+-ZrO2 solid solutions obtained from gels

2003

Abstract Rietveld refinement of six monoclinic V x Zr 1− x O 2 solid solutions, with x =0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1, prepared by heating dried gel precursors at 1300°C in air atmosphere, has been characterized using X-ray powder diffractometer data. The present results confirm that crystal structure of these solid solutions contain V 4+ (Zr 4+ ) cations surrounded by seven oxygens, four at a distance between 2.13 and 2.28 A (referred as to O(2) in the tetrahedrally coordinated oxygens) and other three at a distance between 2.03 and 2.20 A (denoted as O(1) in the triangularly coordinated oxygens). The trends in the lattice parameter variation of V x Zr 1− x O 2 solid solutions specime…

Rietveld refinementChemistryVanadiumchemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsInorganic ChemistryCrystallographyLattice constantPowder DiffractometerMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPowder diffractionMonoclinic crystal systemSolid solutionJournal of Solid State Chemistry
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Structure determination of three polymorphs of xylazine from laboratory powder diffraction data

2014

The crystal structures of three xylazine hydrochloride [N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiaz-2-amine hydrochloride] polymorphsA,ZandXhave been solved from powder diffraction data and refined using Rietveld refinement. Data were obtained with Cu Kα radiation. All polymorphs were found to have structures withZ′ = 1 andZ= 4. All the structures determined contained strong hydrogen bonds between the amino groups and chloride anions. The crystal structures of formsAandXfeatured π–π stacking interactions.

Rietveld refinementHydrogen bondChemistryHydrochlorideMetals and AlloysStackingCrystal structureChlorideAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyPolymorphism (materials science)Materials ChemistrymedicinePowder diffractionmedicine.drugActa Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials
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Cerium effect on the phase structure, phase stability and redox properties of Ce-doped strontium ferrates

2006

Nanostructured perovskite-type Sr1−aCeaFeO3−x, (0⩽a<0.15) powders have been prepared by citrate–nitrate smoldering auto-combustion. Their phase structure and stability, surface and morphological properties, reduction behavior and interaction with oxygen have been investigated by X-ray Powder Diffraction combined with Rietveld Analysis, 57Fe Mossbauer and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopies, N2-adsorption method, Temperature Programmed Reduction and Oxidation experiments. Our results reveal that citrate–nitrate auto-combustion method is effective in obtaining single phase Sr1−aCeaFeO3−x. The Sr1−aCeaFeO3−x structure is cubic only for a⩾0.06, while for a<0.06 remains tetragonal. Moreover, for …

Rietveld refinementInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsInorganic ChemistryCeriumTetragonal crystal systemchemistryPhase (matter)X-ray crystallographyMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesPhysical chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTemperature-programmed reductionPowder diffractionPerovskite (structure)
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Synchrotron powder-diffraction study of the spin transition compound [Fe(bpp)2](NCS)2·2H2O and soft X-ray-induced structural phase conversion

2008

Abstract We have studied the high spin and low spin structural phases of the two-step spin transition compound [Fe(bpp) 2 ](NCS) 2 ·2H 2 O (bpp: 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine) of different sample history with X-ray synchrotron ( λ  ∼ 0.32 A) powder diffraction at different temperatures as well as with usual X-ray ( λ  ∼ 1.54 A) powder diffraction at room temperature by performing rapid repeated scans at regular intervals of time. A structural phase transition occurs only during the first step of the spin transition. Time dependent interconversions of the two crystallographic phases have been observed at room temperature for this material. The results indicate that a soft X-ray (Cu-K α )-ind…

SAMPLE historyOrganic ChemistrySpin transitionSynchrotronAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionInorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundMagazineStructural changechemistrylawPyridineSpin (physics)SpectroscopyPowder diffractionJournal of Molecular Structure
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Protective, antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of grapefruit integropectin on sh-sy5y cells

2021

Tested in vitro on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, grapefruit IntegroPectin is a powerful protective, antioxidant and antiproliferative agent. The strong antioxidant properties of this new citrus pectin, and its ability to preserve mitochondrial membrane potential and morphology, severely impaired in neurodegenerative disorders, make it an attractive therapeutic and preventive agent for the treatment of oxidative stress-associated brain disorders. Similarly, the ability of this pectic polymer rich in RG-I regions, as well as in naringin, linalool, linalool oxide and limonene adsorbed at the outer surface, to inhibit cell proliferation or even kill, at high doses, neoplastic cells may have open…

SH-SY5YAntioxidantCell SurvivalQH301-705.5medicine.medical_treatmentMitochondrionPharmacologymedicine.disease_causeanticancerNeuroprotectionSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaAntioxidantsArticleCatalysisInorganic ChemistryNeuroblastomachemistry.chemical_compoundX-Ray DiffractionCell Line Tumorhydrodynamic cavitationmedicineHumansoxidative stressPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBiology (General)neurological diseaseMolecular BiologyNaringinQD1-999SpectroscopyCell ProliferationantitumorMembrane Potential MitochondrialpectinCell growthChemistryOrganic ChemistryneurodegenerationGeneral MedicinephytochemicalsIn vitroComputer Science ApplicationsmitochondriaChemistryNeuroprotective AgentsPectinscell cycleOxidative stressCitrus paradisi
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