Search results for " diffraction"

showing 10 items of 896 documents

Supramolecular Hydro- and Ionogels: A Study of Their Properties and Antibacterial Activity.

2017

Diimidazolium-based organic salts, bearing peptides or amino acids as anions have been synthesised and tested for their gelling ability in biocompatible solvents. These low molecular weight salts were successfully used as gelators in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution and ionic liquids. Then, the properties of the obtained soft materials were analysed in terms of melting temperature and gel strength as accounted for by rheological investigations. The gel-phase formation was studied by using UV/Vis and resonance light scattering measurements, whereas the morphology of the soft materials was analysed by using polarised optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. To get informat…

gelantibacterial activity; gels; hydrogels; ionic liquids; ionogels; Chemistry (all)Scanning electron microscopeSupramolecular chemistryIonic Liquids02 engineering and technologyMicrobial Sensitivity Tests010402 general chemistryGram-Positive Bacteria01 natural sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundRheologyantibacterial activityX-Ray DiffractionPhase (matter)Gram-Negative BacteriaOrganic chemistryThermal stabilityhydrogelsionic liquidOrganic ChemistryChemistry (all)ImidazolesGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesAnti-Bacterial AgentsionogelchemistryChemical engineeringionogelsSelf-healing hydrogelsIonic liquidMicroscopy Electron ScanningSolventshydrogel0210 nano-technologyAntibacterial activityRheologyGelsChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Structure and optical properties of a monolayer single crystal of a cyanine dye

1992

Abstract Molecularly thin single crystals of a cyanine dye prepared by adsorption at a charged surfactant monolayer are studied by polarized optical spectroscopy and electron diffraction. Both techniques independently show a herringbone arrangement of the dye with the long axes of translationally inequivalent molecules forming an angle of 80°. The dye arranges in a primitive rectangular unit cell (a=21.2 A, b=6.14 A) adjacent to an epitaxially related hexagonal cell of the aliphatic tails of the surfactant.

genetic structuresChemistryStereochemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyEpitaxychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyElectron diffractionPulmonary surfactantMonolayerMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCyanineSpectroscopySingle crystalChemical Physics Letters
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Stability and disassembly properties of human naïve Hsp60 and bacterial GroEL chaperonins.

2015

Human Hsp60 chaperonin and its bacterial homolog GroEL, in association with the corresponding co-chaperonins Hsp10 and GroES, constitute important chaperone systems promoting the proper folding of several mitochondrial proteins. Hsp60 is also currently described as a ubiquitous molecule with multiple roles both in health conditions and in several diseases. Naïve Hsp60 bearing the mitochondrial import signal has been recently demonstrated to present different oligomeric organizations with respect to GroEL, suggesting new possible physiological functions. Here we present a combined investigation with circular dichroism and small-angle X-ray scattering of structure, self-organization, and sta…

guanidiniun chloride0301 basic medicineGuanidinium chlorideSmall AngleCircular dichroismBiophysicsmacromolecular substancesBiochemistryGroELChaperoninScatteringMitochondrial Proteins03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundBacterial ProteinsX-Ray DiffractionScattering Small AngleHumansGuanidinebiologyProtein StabilityCircular DichroismOrganic ChemistryTemperatureGroESSAXSChaperonin 60Hsp60GroELSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)CDcited By 5enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)Denaturation030104 developmental biologychemistryBiochemistryChaperone (protein)biological sciencesbiology.proteinCD; Denaturation; GroEL; Guanidinium chloride; Hsp60; SAXS; Bacterial Proteins; Chaperonin 60; Circular Dichroism; Humans; Mitochondrial Proteins; Protein Stability; Scattering Small Angle; Temperature; X-Ray DiffractionbacteriaHSP60Guanidinium chlorideBiophysical chemistry
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Oxidation-Induced Changes in the ALD-Al2O3/InAs(100) Interface and Control of the Changes for Device Processing

2018

InAs crystals are emerging materials for various devices like radio frequency transistors and infrared sensors. Control of oxidation-induced changes is essential for decreasing amounts of the harmful InAs surface (or interface) defects because it is hard to avoid the energetically favored oxidation of InAs surface parts in device processing. We have characterized atomic-layer-deposition (ALD) grown Al2O3/InAs interfaces, preoxidized differently, with synchrotron hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES), low-energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis. The chemical environment and core-level shifts are clarified for w…

hapetusMaterials science02 engineering and technologyHigh-electron-mobility transistor01 natural sciences114 Physical scienceslaw.inventionAtomic layer depositionX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyInAslawsynchrotron0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials Science010302 applied physicsta114business.industryDangling bondatomikerroskasvatus021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIII-V semiconductorCrystallographic defectElastic recoil detectionoxidation (active)Electron diffractionatomic layer depositionOptoelectronicsScanning tunneling microscope0210 nano-technologybusinessphotoelectron
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Revealing lattice disorder, oxygen incorporation and pore formation in laser induced two-photon oxidized graphene

2019

Abstract Laser induced two-photon oxidation has proven to be a reliable method to pattern and control the level of oxidation of single layer graphene, which in turn allows the development of graphene-based electronic and optoelectronic devices with an all-optical method. Here we provide a full structural and chemical description of modifications of air-suspended graphene during the oxidation process. By using different laser irradiation doses, we were able to show via transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, electron diffraction and Raman spectroscopy how graphene develops from its pristine form up to a completely oxidized, porous and amorphous carbon layer. Furt…

hapetusMaterials sciencesäteilytysEELSOxide02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryelektronit01 natural scienceslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeraman spectroscopylawphotonsGeneral Materials Scienceta116energiafotonitta114irradiationGrapheneElectron energy loss spectroscopygrafeenioksidiGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserphoto-oxidation0104 chemical scienceslaseritchemistryElectron diffractionChemical engineeringAmorphous carbonoxidation (active)Transmission electron microscopysymbolsTEMgraphene oxideelectron diffraction0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopylasersCarbon
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Enrichment and activation of smectite-poor clay

2011

A new method of smectite clay enrichment has been developed. The method is based on dispersing clay in a phosphate solution and sequential coagulation. The product of enrichment is characterized with X-ray powder diffraction, wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry. Sorption of methylene blue and hexadecylpyridinium bromide on raw and purified clays was studied.

inorganic chemicalsChemistryInorganic chemistryFluorescence spectrometrySorptionPhosphatecomplex mixturesThermogravimetrychemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential thermal analysisClay mineralsPowder diffractionMethylene blueNuclear chemistryIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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A neutron diffraction study of the glass transition in (KBr)0.47(KCN)0.53

1985

Abstract The molecular crystal (KBr) 0.47 (KCN) 0.53 has been investigated by elastic neutron diffraction at the transition from the paraelastic to the orientational glass state. The freezing temperature is characterized by the onset of a momentum transfer dependent broadening of the diffraction lines indicating the transition from a crystalline to an amorphous state.

inorganic chemicalsDiffractionchemistry.chemical_classificationChemistrydigestive oral and skin physiologyNeutron diffractionMomentum transferPhysics::OpticsGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsAmorphous solidCrystalCrystallographybiological sciencesMaterials ChemistryGlass transitionOrientational glassInorganic compound
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Comparative study of initial stages of copper immersion deposition on bulk and porous silicon

2013

Initial stages of Cu immersion deposition in the presence of hydrofluoric acid on bulk and porous silicon were studied. Cu was found to deposit both on bulk and porous silicon as a layer of nanoparticles which grew according to the Volmer-Weber mechanism. It was revealed that at the initial stages of immersion deposition, Cu nanoparticles consisted of crystals with a maximum size of 10 nm and inherited the orientation of the original silicon substrate. Deposited Cu nanoparticles were found to be partially oxidized to Cu2O while CuO was not detected for all samples. In contrast to porous silicon, the crystal orientation of the original silicon substrate significantly affected the sizes, dens…

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceImmersion depositionSiliconNanochemistryNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologyPorous siliconcomplex mixtureschemistry.chemical_compoundHydrofluoric acidMaterials Science(all)Porous siliconnanotechnology nanotechnology and microengineering nanoscale science and technologyGeneral Materials ScienceNano ExpressNanocrystalline silicontechnology industry and agricultureCondensed Matter Physicsequipment and suppliesCopperstomatognathic diseasesElectron backscatter diffractionChemical engineeringchemistrycopper nanoparticles; electron backscatter diffraction; immersion deposition; nanotechnology nanotechnology and microengineering nanoscale science and technology; porous siliconCopper nanoparticlesElectron backscatter diffractionNanoscale Research Letters
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One pot light assisted green synthesis, storage and antimicrobial activity of dextran stabilized silver nanoparticles.

2014

Background Green synthesis of nanomaterials finds the edge over chemical methods due to its environmental compatibility. Herein, we report green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) mediated with dextran. Dextran was used as a stabilizer and capping agent to synthesize Ag NPs using silver nitrate (AgNO3) under diffused sunlight conditions. Results UV–vis spectra of as synthesized Ag nanoparticles showed characteristic surface plasmon band in the range from ~405-452 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed spherical Ag NPs in the size regime of ~50-70 nm. Face centered cubic lattice of Ag NPs was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD…

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceSilverReducing agentScanning electron microscopeeducationBiomedical EngineeringDrug Evaluation PreclinicalMedicine (miscellaneous)Pharmaceutical ScienceMetal NanoparticlesNanotechnologyBioengineeringMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAntimicrobial activityMicroscopy Atomic ForceApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologySilver nanoparticleNanomaterialsStorage of nanoparticleschemistry.chemical_compoundAnti-Infective AgentsX-Ray DiffractionDiffused sun lightSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredThin filmhealth care economics and organizationsAg nanoparticlesResearchtechnology industry and agricultureDextransGreen Chemistry TechnologySilver nitrateDextranchemistryMicroscopy Electron ScanningMolecular MedicineSilver NitrateSpectrophotometry UltravioletPowder diffractionNuclear chemistryJournal of nanobiotechnology
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Silver-loaded nanoparticles affect ex-vivo mechanical behavior and mineralization of dentin

2019

Background: The aim was to evaluate the effect of silver loaded nanoparticles (NPs) application on the triboscopic, crystallographic and viscoelastic properties of demineralized dentin. Polymethylmetacrylate-based NPs and Ag loaded NPs were applied on demineralized dentin. Material and Methods: Treated and untreated surfaces were probed by a nanoindenter to test viscoelasticity, and by atomic force microscopy to test nanoroughness and collagen fibril diameter. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy through selected area diffraction and bright-field imaging were also used. Results: Dentin treated with Ag-NPs attained the lowest complex modulus, and the highest tan delta value…

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceSilverTime FactorsMineralizationSurface PropertiesNanoparticleMetal NanoparticlesViscoelastic SubstancesMicroscopy Atomic ForceApatite03 medical and health sciencesCrystallinity0302 clinical medicineMicroscopy Electron TransmissionX-Ray Diffractionstomatognathic systemMaterials TestingDentinmedicineHumansPolymethyl MethacrylateComposite materialGeneral Dentistryhealth care economics and organizationsViscoelasticOral Medicine and PathologyResearchtechnology industry and agriculture030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]MechanicalRoughnessstomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyTransmission electron microscopyvisual_artTooth RemineralizationUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASDentinvisual_art.visual_art_mediumSurgeryNanoindenterCrystalliteCollagenSelected area diffraction
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