Search results for " domestica"
showing 10 items of 80 documents
Tracking Five Millennia of Horse Management with Extensive Ancient Genome Time Series
2019
Summary Horse domestication revolutionized warfare and accelerated travel, trade, and the geographic expansion of languages. Here, we present the largest DNA time series for a non-human organism to date, including genome-scale data from 149 ancient animals and 129 ancient genomes (≥1-fold coverage), 87 of which are new. This extensive dataset allows us to assess the modern legacy of past equestrian civilizations. We find that two extinct horse lineages existed during early domestication, one at the far western (Iberia) and the other at the far eastern range (Siberia) of Eurasia. None of these contributed significantly to modern diversity. We show that the influence of Persian-related horse …
Fruit yield and quality responses of apple cvars Gala and Fuji to partial rootzone drying under Mediterranean conditions
2012
SUMMARYIncreasing irrigation efficiency is a major goal for fruit production in dry Mediterranean environments. The present study was conducted in three consecutive years (2007–09) under typical Mediterranean conditions and tested the effect of partial rootzone drying (PRD) on yield and fruit quality of two apple cultivars: Gala, with fruit maturing in summer and Fuji, with fruit maturing in autumn. Three irrigation treatments were imposed: conventional irrigation (CI), PRD (0·50 of CI water on one side of the rootzone, which was alternated periodically) and continuous deficit irrigation (DI, 0·50 of CI water on both sides of the rootzone). During the 2008 and 2009 irrigation seasons, DI re…
La tutela della vittima mediante gli strumenti precautelari: tra arresto in flagranza e allontanamento d'urgenza dalla casa familiare
2017
Ai fini della tutela della vittima, il legislatore ha apprestato un sistema articolato, che consente l'applicazione di misure non soltanto cautelari, ma anche precautelari. Soffermandosi su queste ultime, l'Autore evidenzia i peculiari aspetti dei provvedimenti che - per i casi di violenza domestica o nelle relazioni affettive - implicano l'allontanamento d'urgenza dalla casa familiare e il divieto di avvicinarsi ai luoghi frequentati dalla persona offesa: oggetto di particolare attenzione sono gli aspetti relativi al "dialogo" tra le autorità procedenti e l'offeso, quelli concernenti i rapporti tra le fattispecie più immediatamente interessate e l'ipotesi di arresto, nonché le incertezze i…
Whole mitochondrial genomes unveil the impact of domestication on goat matrilineal variability
2015
Background The current extensive use of the domestic goat (Capra hircus) is the result of its medium size and high adaptability as multiple breeds. The extent to which its genetic variability was influenced by early domestication practices is largely unknown. A common standard by which to analyze maternally-inherited variability of livestock species is through complete sequencing of the entire mitogenome (mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA). Results We present the first extensive survey of goat mitogenomic variability based on 84 complete sequences selected from an initial collection of 758 samples that represent 60 different breeds of C. hircus, as well as its wild sister species, bezoar (Capra aega…
Study of Biodiversity for Fruit Valorization: the example of Ancient Apple Cultivars (Malus x domestica Borkh.) from Tuscany (Italy)
2010
Optimization of a decellularized protocol of porcine tracheas. Long-term effects of cryopreservation. A histological study
2021
[EN] Objective: The aim of this study was to optimize a decellularization protocol in the trachea of Sus scrofa domestica (pig) as well as to study the effects of long-term cryopreservation on the extracellular matrix of decellularized tracheas. Methods: Porcine tracheas were decellularized using Triton X-100, SDC, and SDS alone or in combination. The effect of these detergents on the extracellular matrix characteristics of decellularized porcine tracheas was evaluated at the histological, biomechanical, and biocompatibility level. Morphometric approaches were used to estimate the effect of detergents on the collagen and elastic fibers content as well as on the removal of chondrocytes from …
Spazi e attività economiche nell’architettura domestica della Sicilia greca: osservazioni sull’evidenza archeologica, a partire dal caso di Himera
2018
While the functional analysis of houses is increasingly adopted, even in the archaeology of Sicily, as a tool useful for understanding the ancient way of life and the changing attitudes towards the ‘private’ space from the Early Archaic to Late Hellenistic times, it is mainly based on the architectural layout and on the physical characteristics of the buildings, or sometimes on a tiny selection of the findings. The possibility of analysing the activities concerned with production and commerce, and of appreciating the economic role of the domestic units, is consequently hardly limited. An useful case study is the town of Himera, due to the extension of the residential districts. So, a multif…
Mithocondrial DNA phylogeography in Italian Bos primigenius specimens: new insight into cattle domestication process
2008
Abstract 318 - section Bioarcaeology - ISA 2008 Siena 12th-16th may 2008 A CURA DI Fondazione Monte de'Paschi, Siena # 37th International Symposium on Archaeometry (ISA 2008)
SNP genotyping elucidates the genetic diversity of Magna Graecia grapevine germplasm and its historical origin and dissemination
2019
Background: Magna Graecia is the ancient name for the modern geopolitical region of South Italy extensively populated by Greek colonizers, shown by archeological and historical evidence to be the oldest wine growing region of Italy, crucial for the spread of specialized viticulture around Mediterranean shores. Here, the genetic diversity of Magna Graecia grape germplasm was assessed and its role in grapevine propagation around the Mediterranean basin was underlined. Results: A large collection of grapevines from Magna Graecia was compared with germplasm from Georgia to the Iberian Peninsula using the 18 K SNP array. A high level of genetic diversity of the analyzed germplasm was determined;…
Défis communs et objectifs partagés pour les sites archéologiques, entre la Sicile et la Tunisie
2014
Il Progetto APER (Architettura domestica Punica, Ellenistica e Romana: salvaguardia e messa in valore) è stato finanziato dall’Unione Europea nell’ambito della Cooperazione transfrontaliera Italie Tunisie 2007-2013. Le principali motivazioni del Progetto APER: - aver indicato nel patrimonio archeologico una rilevante testimonianza di quanto sia radicata la comune identità degli uomini vissuti attorno al Mediterraneo sin dai tempi più remoti; - aver individuato nell’ellenismo l’età aurea di tale identità comune, - aver preferito porre attenzione sull’architettura domestica, invece che su edifici specialistici; - aver evidenziato la maggiore vulnerabilità dell’architettura domestica, costruit…