Search results for " electrons"

showing 10 items of 1168 documents

Spin glasses: Experimental facts, theoretical concepts, and open questions

1986

This review summarizes recent developments in the theory of spin glasses, as well as pertinent experimental data. The most characteristic properties of spin glass systems are described, and related phenomena in other glassy systems (dielectric and orientational glasses) are mentioned. The Edwards-Anderson model of spin glasses and its treatment within the replica method and mean-field theory are outlined, and concepts such as "frustration," "broken replica symmetry," "broken ergodicity," etc., are discussed. The dynamic approach to describing the spin glass transition is emphasized. Monte Carlo simulations of spin glasses and the insight gained by them are described. Other topics discussed …

PhysicsSpin glassCondensed matter physicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectMonte Carlo methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyFrustrationSpin engineeringCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterFerromagnetismMetastateAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsReplica trickmedia_commonReviews of Modern Physics
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High-temperature series analysis of the p-state Potts glass model on d-dimensional hypercubic lattices

1999

We analyze recently extended high-temperature series expansions for the “Edwards-Anderson” spin-glass susceptibility of the p-state Potts glass model on d-dimensional hypercubic lattices for the case of a symmetric bimodal distribution of ferro- and antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor couplings \(\). In these star-graph expansions up to order 22 in the inverse temperature \(\), the number of Potts states p and the dimension d are kept as free parameters which can take any value. By applying several series analysis techniques to the new series expansions, this enabled us to determine the critical coupling Kc and the critical exponent \(\) of the spin-glass susceptibility in a large region of …

PhysicsSpin glassSeries (mathematics)Critical phenomenaCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPadé approximantCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsStatistical physicsSeries expansionCritical exponentFree parameterPotts modelThe European Physical Journal B
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Electronic, magnetic, and structural properties of the ferrimagnet Mn2CoSn

2011

The magnetic ground state of the Heusler compound Mn${}_{2}$CoSn was predicted to be nearly half-metallic ferrimagnetic with a high spin polarization by ab initio electronic structure calculations. Mn${}_{2}$CoSn was synthesized, and the magnetic behavior of the compound was studied using a superconducting quantum interference device and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. The experimental values were found to be in fair accordance with the theoretical predictions. The electronic structure and the crystal structure of Mn${}_{2}$CoSn were characterized comprehensively using x-ray powder diffraction, $^{119}\mathrm{Sn}$ M\"ossbauer spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and hard x-ray photo…

PhysicsSpin polarizationCondensed matter physicsMagnetic circular dichroismAb initioElectronic structureengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsHeusler compoundElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceFerrimagnetismengineeringCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsGround stateSpectroscopyPhysical Review B
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Test of band structure calculations for Heusler compounds by spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

2012

The electronic density of states of epitaxial thin films of the Heusler compound Co${}_{2}$MnGa is probed in situ by spin-resolved ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. The experiments reveal several characteristic features in the intensity spectrum and a clear Fermi edge signature. A high spin polarization of $\ensuremath{\simeq}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}55%$ at the Fermi edge is followed by a sign change at the binding energy of $\ensuremath{\simeq}$0.8 eV. Corresponding calculations of the band structure and the photoemission spectrum were performed employing a spin-polarized relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker code. Good agreement between the experimental data and calculations was …

PhysicsSpin polarizationCondensed matter physicsPhotoemission spectroscopyBinding energyAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsHeusler compoundElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceengineeringCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsElectronic band structureSpin (physics)Intensity (heat transfer)Physical Review B
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Hund's Rules and Spin Density Waves in Quantum Dots

1997

Spin density functional theory is used to calculate the ground state electronic structures of circular parabolic quantum dots. We find that such dots either have a spin configuration determined by Hund's rule or make a spin-density-wave-like state with zero total spin. The dependence of the spin-density-wave amplitudes on the density of the two-dimensional electron gas is studied.

PhysicsSpin polarizationCondensed matter physicsQuantum spin Hall effectTerm symbolQuantum mechanicsHund's rulesGeneral Physics and AstronomyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsHund's rule of maximum multiplicityQuantum spin liquidSpin quantum numberDoublet statePhysical Review Letters
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Exchange and correlation energy functionals for two-dimensional open-shell systems

2009

We consider density functionals for exchange and correlation energies in two-dimensional systems. The functionals are constructed by making use of exact constraints for the angular averages of the corresponding exchange and correlation holes, respectively, and assuming proportionality between their characteristic sizes. The electron current and spin are explicitly taken into account, so that the resulting functionals are suitable to deal with systems exhibiting orbital currents and/or spin polarization. Our numerical results show that in finite systems the proposed functionals outperform the standard two-dimensional local spin-density approximation, still performing well also in the importa…

PhysicsSpin polarizationStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum dotQuantum mechanicsMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Density functional theoryLimit (mathematics)Fermi gasOpen shellSpin-½
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Spin pumping in noncollinear antiferromagnets

2021

The ac spin pumping of noncollinear antiferromagnets is theoretically investigated. Starting from an effective action description of the spin system, we derive the Onsager coefficients connecting the spin pumping and spin-transfer torque associated with the dynamics of the SO(3)-valued antiferromagnetic order parameter. Our theory is applied to a kagome antiferromagnet resonantly driven by a uniform external magnetic field. We demonstrate that the reactive (dissipative) spin-transfer torque parameter can be extracted from the pumped ac spin current in-phase (in quadrature) with the driving field. Furthermore, we find that the three spin-wave bands of the kagome AF generate spin currents wit…

PhysicsSpin pumpingCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceField (physics)Condensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsOrthogonal polarization spectral imagingPhase (waves)Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesMagnetic fieldMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Dissipative systemAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsSpin-½
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Minimal Model of Spin-Transfer Torque and Spin Pumping Caused by the Spin Hall Effect

2015

In the normal metal/ferromagnetic insulator bilayer (such as Pt/Y$_{3}$Fe$_{5}$O$_{12}$) and the normal metal/ferromagnetic metal/oxide trilayer (such as Pt/Co/AlO$_{x}$) where spin injection and ejection are achieved by the spin Hall effect in the normal metal, we propose a minimal model based on quantum tunneling of spins to explain the spin-transfer torque and spin pumping caused by the spin Hall effect. The ratio of their damping-like to field-like component depends on the tunneling wave function that is strongly influenced by generic material properties such as interface $s-d$ coupling, insulating gap, and layer thickness, yet the spin relaxation plays a minor role. The quantified resu…

PhysicsSpin pumpingCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsSpin-transfer torqueFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCoupling (probability)Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect01 natural sciencesQuantum spin Hall effectQuantum mechanicsMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesSpin Hall effectCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyWave functionQuantum tunnellingPHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
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Spin states, vibrations and spin relaxation in molecular nanomagnets and spin qubits: a critical perspective

2018

Spin–vibration coupling has been proven to be crucial for spin dynamics; theoretical studies are now addressing this experimental challenge.

PhysicsSpin statesCondensed matter physics010405 organic chemistryUNESCO::QUÍMICARelaxation (NMR)Context (language use)General Chemistry010402 general chemistryMagnetic hysteresis:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesMagnetizationChemistryQubitMagnetComputer Science::Programming LanguagesCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsSpin-½
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Quantum Spin-Tunneling:A Path Integral Approach

1995

We investigate the quantum tunneling of a large spin in a crystal field and an external magnetic field. The twofold degeneracy of the corresponding classical ground state is removed due to tunneling. The tunnel splitting ΔE o of the ground state is calculated by use of a path integral formalism. It is shown that coherent spin state path integrals do not yield a reasonable result. However a “bosonlzation” of the spin system yields excellent results in the semiclassical limit. This result follows from the coherent spin state approach from replacing the spin quantum number s by s + 1/2 which causes a renormalization of the preexponential factor of ΔE o .

PhysicsSpin statesRelation between Schrödinger's equation and the path integral formulation of quantum mechanicsQuantum mechanicsQuantum processPath integral formulationSpin foamCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsGround stateSpin (physics)Spin quantum number
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