Search results for " environment"

showing 10 items of 19900 documents

Experimental investigation on different rainfall energy harvesting structures

2018

In this paper proposes an experimental comparison between different rainfall harvesting devices and the study of the corresponding electrical rectifying circuit. More in detail, three harvesting structures are considered: the cantilever, the bridge and the floating circle. For each of the proposed structure, different waveforms have been acquired and discussed. The processed data have been compared in order to suggest the best choice for the rectifying circuit, from the simplest one to the most endorsed in the technical literature.

010302 applied physicsCantileverComputer scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentRainfall energy harvester02 engineering and technologySettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti Elettrici021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesTechnical literatureBridge (nautical)Settore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaTransducer0103 physical sciencesAutomotive EngineeringElectronic engineeringWaveform0210 nano-technologyEnergy harvestingPiezoelectric effectHardware_LOGICDESIGN
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Maximum Torque Per Ampere control algorithm for low saliency ratio interior permanent magnet synchronous motors

2017

This paper presents an investigation on the comparison between the Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA) and the Field Orientation Control (FOC) algorithms for interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSMs). In particular, this study was carried out on a small-power IPMSM with low salience ratio. Both control algorithms have been implemented in the Matlab/Simulink environment, obtaining promising results.

010302 applied physicsControl algorithmMaximum torque per ampere control algorithmPermanent magnet synchronous motorComputer scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment020208 electrical & electronic engineeringEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologySettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti Elettrici01 natural sciencesField oriented control algorithmField orientationSalience (neuroscience)Control theoryMagnet0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringInterior permanent magnet synchronous machineMATLABAmperecomputerMaximum torquecomputer.programming_language
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The role of structural disorder on luminescence of Eu-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3

2020

A detailed analysis of photoluminescence of Eu-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT) is performed using it as a tool for describing the local structure of NBT. The obtained results reveal the low symmetry of the Eu3+ local environment in NBT, as indicated by the observed maximal number of sublevels of the 5D0→7F1 and the 5D0→7F2 luminescence transitions, clearly observed at low temperatures. Approximation of the luminescence spectra by Gaussian peaks provides valuable information about the shift of the involved levels upon change of the excitation wavelength. Variation in the strength of the crystal field in Eu-doped NBT is evaluated. Temperature dependence of the luminescence above room temperature i…

010302 applied physicsExcitation wavelengthMaterials sciencePhotoluminescenceDopingGeneral Physics and AstronomyLuminescence spectra02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsLocal structureCrystal0103 physical sciencesLocal environment0210 nano-technologyLuminescenceJournal of Applied Physics
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Towards the Improvement of Citizen Communication Through Computational Intelligence

2016

When dealing with problems that arise from collective sharing of resources in metropolitan areas (i.e., energy, pollution, traffic, health) most of the interaction between citizens and local governance is usually carried out through the use of natural languages. Digital technologies allows smart cities residents to communicate with a broad range of experts (e.g. bureaucrats, legislators, urbanists, etc.) that routinely use technical terminology seldom accessible to the layperson, or linguistic styles that are not immediately understandable. Although information technology should encourage citizen participation in governance at many levels, the different levels of knowledge possessed by the …

010302 applied physicsGovernmentKnowledge managementComputer sciencebusiness.industryCorporate governanceInformation technologyComputational intelligence010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesTerminologySmart city0103 physical sciencesComputational IntelligenceSocial exclusionbusinessNatural language0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Fabrication and characterization of low cost Cu 2 O/ZnO:Al solar cells for sustainable photovoltaics with earth abundant materials

2016

Abstract The low cost electrodeposition method was used to grow Cu2O thin films and experimentally determine the optimal absorber layer thickness. Raman scattering studies indicate the presence of solely crystalline Cu2O and SEM images show that the thin films consist of grains with a pyramidal shape. The influence of the thickness of the light absorbing Cu2O layer on the basic characteristic of the heterojunction and their properties have been investigated using reflectivity, current–voltage (J–V), capacitance–voltage (C–V) and the external quantum efficiency (EQE) measurements. The depletion layer, the charge collection length of the minority carrier, and reflectivity are the main factors…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryOpen-circuit voltageHeterojunction02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionOpticsDepletion regionlawPhotovoltaics0103 physical sciencesSolar cellOptoelectronicsQuantum efficiencyThin film0210 nano-technologybusinessShort circuitSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
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Investigation of ZrO[sub 2]–Gd[sub 2]O[sub 3] Based High-k Materials as Capacitor Dielectrics

2010

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ZrO 2 ―Gd 2 O 3 nanolaminates and mixtures was investigated for the preparation of a high permittivity dielectric material. Variation in the relative number of ALD cycles for constituent oxides allowed one to obtain films with controlled composition. Pure ZrO 2 films possessed monoclinic and higher permittivity cubic or tetragonal phases, whereas the inclusion of Gd 2 O 3 resulted in the disappearance of the monoclinic phase. Changes in phase composition were accompanied with increased permittivity of mixtures and laminates with low Gd content. Further increase in the lower permittivity Gd 2 O 3 content above 3.4 cat. % resulted in the decreased permittivity…

010302 applied physicsPermittivityMaterials scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentAnalytical chemistryEquivalent oxide thickness02 engineering and technologyDielectric021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAtomic layer depositionElectric field0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryElectrochemistry0210 nano-technologyCurrent densityLeakage (electronics)High-κ dielectricJournal of The Electrochemical Society
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Experimental comparison of two control algorithms for low-saliency ratio interior permanent magnet synchronous motors

2018

In this paper, an experimental investigation on the comparison between the Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA) and the Field Orientation Control (FOC) algorithms for interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSMs) is described, analyzed and discussed. This investigation was carried out on a small-power IPMSM with low saliency ratio. More in detail, after a previous simulation study, the control techniques have been experimentally implemented and validated through means of a dSPACE® rapid prototyping system. The performances of the two algorithms have been evaluated and compared, obtaining interesting results.

010302 applied physicsRapid prototypingControl algorithmElectromagneticsPermanent magnet synchronous motorComputer scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment020208 electrical & electronic engineeringlow saliency ratio motor02 engineering and technologySettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti Elettrici01 natural sciencesField oriented control algorithmmaximum torque per ampere control algorithmControl theoryMagnet0103 physical sciencesAutomotive Engineering0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringTorqueInterior permanent magnet synchronous machineAmpereMaximum torque
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Review of the PEA Method for Space Charge Measurements on HVDC Cables and Mini-Cables

2019

This review takes into account articles and standards published in recent years concerning the application of the Pulsed Electro Acoustic (PEA) method for space charge measurement on High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) cables and mini-cables. Since the 80s, the PEA method has been implemented for space charge measurements on flat specimens in order to investigate space charge phenomena and to evaluate the ageing of dielectrics. In recent years, this technique has been adapted to cylindrical geometry. Several studies and experiments have been carried out on the use of the PEA method for full size cables and HVDC cable models. The experiments have been conducted using different arrangements of…

010302 applied physicspulsed Electroacoustic technique (PEA)Cylindrical geometryControl and Optimizationlcsh:TRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentComputer science020209 energyEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyMechanical engineering02 engineering and technologylcsh:Technology01 natural sciencesSpace chargeHVDC cablesSpace chargeSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaReliability (semiconductor)0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringHigh-voltage direct currentElectrical and Electronic EngineeringEngineering (miscellaneous)Energy (miscellaneous)
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High-Resolution Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy and Analysis of the ν1 Stretching Band of GeD4

2007

The high-resolution stimulated Raman spectrum of the ν1 band of GeD4 with natural isotopic abundance germanium has been recorded. It has been analyzed as part of the ν1/ν3 stretching dyad. The ν1 and ν3 band centers have been deduced for all the isotopologues. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

010304 chemical physics010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesChemistryAnalytical chemistryHigh resolutionchemistry.chemical_elementNatural abundanceGermanium01 natural sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbols.namesake[CHIM.THEO] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry0103 physical sciences[ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceIsotopologueStimulated ramanSpectroscopyRaman spectroscopySpectroscopyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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A New LA ‐ ICP ‐ MS Method for Ti in Quartz: Implications and Application to High Pressure Rutile‐Quartz Veins from the Czech Erzgebirge

2016

Experimental determination of the pressure and temperature controls on Ti solubility in quartz provides a calibration of the Ti-in-quartz (TitaniQ) geothermometer applicable to geological conditions up to ~ 20 kbar. We present a new method for determining 48Ti mass fractions in quartz by LA-ICP-MS at the 1 μg g−1 level, relevant to quartz in HP-LT terranes. We suggest that natural quartz such as the low-CL rims of the Bishop Tuff quartz (determined by EPMA; 41 ± 2 μg g−1 Ti, 2s) is more suitable than NIST reference glasses as a reference material for low Ti mass fractions because matrix effects are limited, Ca isobaric interferences are avoided, and polyatomic interferences at mass 48 are i…

010401 analytical chemistryPolyatomic ionAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementMineralogyGeologyElectron microprobe010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceschemistryGeochemistry and PetrologyRutileCalibrationIsobaric processMass fractionQuartz0105 earth and related environmental sciencesTitaniumGeostandards and Geoanalytical Research
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