Search results for " externalities"

showing 3 items of 13 documents

Self-enforcing international environmental agreements revisited

2004

In Barrett's (1994) paper on transboundary pollution abatement is shown that if the signatories of an international environmental agreement act in a Stackelberg fashion, then, depending on parameter values, a self-enforcing IEA can have any number of signatories between two and the grand coalition. Barrett obtains this result using numerical simulations and also ignoring the fact that emissions must be non-negative. Recent attempts to use analytical approaches and to explicitly recognize the non-negativity constraints have suggested that the number of signatories of a stable IEA may be very small. The way such papers have dealt with non-negativity constraints is to restrict parameter values…

international externalities self-enforcing environmental agreements Stackelberg equilibrium non-negative emissions constraintsEconomics and EconometricsPublic economicsjel:D62jel:C72Transboundary pollutionjel:F02Grand coalitionMicroeconomicsrestrictjel:Q20Key (cryptography)EconomicsStackelberg competitionOxford Economic Papers
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GREEN LOGISTICS – A DIFFERENT AND SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS GROWTH MODEL

2014

Built on the concepts of green logistics and green supply chain management (GrSCM), this paper presents the relationship between logistical activities and its related environmental effects and costs. By greening their supply chain, companies can better use their assets, optimize resources- do more with less, improve and create sustainable technology, ensure continuity and strategic, long-term alliances. Business ethics and social responsibility are important components of organisational effectiveness. Most companies recognize that socially responsible activities improve their image among consumers, stakeholders, the financial community and other relevant publics. They have found that enviro…

resource crisis green logistics externalities green supply chain management Mars Inc.Studies in Business and Economics
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Impacts des réseaux viaires sur les mobilités urbaines : quelques illustrations

2008

This research aims to find the impact of the network shape and structure on the urban mobilities, in order to fight against the automobile dependency and to include the externalities in the network design. Three examples illustrate this objective. The first one shows the influence of the network shape on the pedestrian urban flows. The second one emphasizes how sensitive to the network structure is the efficiency of a very flexible Demand Responsive Transport. The third example demonstrates that the network metric is favourable to the automobile and how it can be possible to apply an alternative metric, called the “slow metric” to reduce the urban sprawling and the automobile dependency.

transport à la demandemobilitésmobilities[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographyformemétrique lente[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographyshapesyntaxe spatialespatial syntax[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographymetricsefficacitéefficiencyslow metricmétrique des réseauxpedestrian movementdéplacements pédestresexternalités des réseauxstructuredemand responsive transportnetwork externalities
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