Search results for " glass"

showing 10 items of 409 documents

ESR response of watch glasses to proton beams

2010

In this paper we have analyzed the electron spin resonance (ESR) signal of watch glasses irradiated with %60 MeV proton beams in the dose range between 1 and 105 Gy. The composition of samples expressed in oxides weight percentages has been obtained carrying out X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) mea- surements. The ESR signal has been studied in terms of its dependence on microwave power and modulation field in order to choose the optimal recording parameters. The dependence of the radioinduced signal on the exposure dose has been investigated. A numerical procedure aimed at improving the sensitivity in the low dose range has been developed.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsRange (particle radiation)ProtonChemistryFluorescence spectrometryAnalytical chemistryResonanceSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)law.inventionProton beamlawIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceSpectroscopyInstrumentationMicrowaveESRWatch glasseNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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On the use of a running coupling in the calculation of forward hadron production at next-to-leading order

2018

We study a puzzle raised recently regarding the running coupling prescription used in the calculation of forward particle production in proton-nucleus collisions at next-to-leading order: using a coordinate space prescription which is consistent with the one used in the high energy evolution of the target leads to results which can be two orders of magnitude larger than the ones obtained with a momentum space prescription. We show that this is an artefact of the Fourier transform involved when passing between coordinate and momentum space and propose a new coordinate space prescription which avoids this problem.

Nuclear and High Energy Physicslead: targetHadronFOS: Physical sciencesPosition and momentum spacehiukkasfysiikka114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesColor-glass condensatesymbols.namesakecoupling constant: energy dependenceHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesStatistical physicshadron: productionCoordinate space010306 general physicsCouplingPhysicsenergy: highta114010308 nuclear & particles physicssaturationhigher-order: 1Order (ring theory)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology* Automatic Keywords *Fourier transform[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]Color Glass Condensatesymbolsp nucleusOrder of magnitudeNuclear Physics A
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The orientational glass studied by nuclear magnetic resonance

1997

Single crystals of the orientational glass have been studied using iodine NMR for temperatures 1.8 K < T < 300 K. Two-dimensional spectroscopy has shown that the quadrupole-perturbed central transitions are predominantly inhomogeneously broadened. The orientational glass transition is already accompanied by a considerable increase of that broadening in the regime of fast motion. Evidence for a random-field smearing of the random-bond-induced freezing process is obtained. Measurements of the spin - lattice relaxation time reveal the existence of a broad distribution of orientational correlation times at low temperatures.

Nuclear magnetic resonanceCondensed matter physicsChemistryLattice (order)General Materials ScienceFast motionCondensed Matter PhysicsSpectroscopyOrientational glassJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Design of Er3+-doped chalcogenide glass laser for MID-IR application

2009

Abstract The feasibility of a photonic crystal fiber laser (PCF laser), made of a novel Er 3+ -doped chalcogenide glass and operating at the wavelength λ s  = 4.5 μm is investigated. The design is performed on the basis of spectroscopic and optical parameters measured on a fabricated Er 3+ -doped Ga 5 Ge 20 Sb 10 S 65 chalcogenide bulk sample. The simulations have been performed by employing a home made numerical code that solves the multilevel rate equations and the power propagation equations via a Runge-Kutta iterative method. The numerical results indicate that a laser exhibiting slope efficiency close to the maximum theoretical one and a wide tunability in the wavelengths range where t…

Optical fiberMaterials scienceChalcogenideInfrared fibersPhysics::OpticsChalcogenide glass02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences7. Clean energylaw.invention010309 opticschemistry.chemical_compoundOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryOptical fibersChalcogenides; Infrared fibers; Lasers; Optical fibersbusiness.industryLasersSlope efficiencyDoping[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryRate equation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryCeramics and Composites0210 nano-technologybusinessChalcogenidesPhotonic-crystal fiberJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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Feasibility of Er3+-doped, Ga5Ge20Sb10S65 chalcogenide microstructured optical fiber amplifiers

2009

International audience; The feasibility of a microstructured optical fiber (MOF) amplifier, made of a novel Er3+-doped chalcogenide glass, has been demonstrated via accurate simulations performed by employing an oppositely implemented computer code. The optical and geometrical parameters measured on the first MOF sample together with other physical constants from literature have been taken into account in the simulations. The calculated optical gain of the optimized MOF amplifier, 2.79 m long, is close to 23 dB at the signal wavelength of 1.538 μm, by using a pump power of 200 mW and a signal power of 0.1 μW.

Optical fiberMaterials scienceOptical amplifiersChalcogenideChalcogenide glassRare-earth-doped materials02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences7. Clean energySignallaw.invention010309 opticschemistry.chemical_compoundOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringOptical amplifierbusiness.industryAmplifierMicrostructured optical fiber[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryFibers; Optical amplifiers; Rare-earth-doped materials021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsFibersWavelengthchemistry[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Ultraviolet-induced paramagnetic centers and absorption changes in singlemode Ge-doped optical fibers

2009

We investigated the laser-energy-density dependence of absorption changes and paramagnetic centers induced by a cw Ar+ laser operating at 5.1 eV, in both unloaded and H-2-loaded single mode Ge-doped optical fibers. The induced absorption is measured in the blue and near ultraviolet spectral range by using the 3.1 eV photoluminescence, ascribed to Ge lone pair center (GLPC), as an in situ probe source. We find that the Ge (1) center (GeO4-) is induced upon UV exposure by electron trapping on GeO4 precursors, where the free electrons are most likely produced by ionization of GLPC. Ge (1) is responsible of optical transmission loss of the fiber in the investigated range. Hydrogen loading stron…

Optical fiberMaterials sciencePhotoluminescence060.2290 160.4670 160.4760 300.1030 300.2140 300.6370 300.636002 engineering and technologymedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciences7. Clean energyAbsorptionMECHANISMSlaw.inventionEmissionParamagnetismOpticslawIonization0103 physical sciencesmedicineSILICA010306 general physicsSpectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)defectsESR[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryDopingGEO2-SIO2 GLASSESPHOTOSENSITIVITY021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIRRADIATIONFibersDEFECT CENTERSSIO2 GLASSLUMINESCENCEKRF EXCIMER-LASER0210 nano-technologybusinessUltravioletGENERATIONOptics Express
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Infrared monitoring of underground CO2 storage using chalcogenide glass fibers

2009

International audience; An optical-fiber-based system suitable for monitoring the presence of carbon dioxide, so-called "greenhouse gas", is investigated. Since each pollutant gas shows a characteristic optical absorption spectrum in the mid-infrared (mid-IR), it is possible to detect selectively and quantitatively the presence of gases in a given environment by analysing mid-IR spectra. The main infrared signature of carbon dioxide gas is a double absorption peak located at 4.2 μm. Chalcogenide optical fibers, which can transmit light in the 1-6 μm range, are well-adapted for CO2 analysis. In this wavelength range, they show attenuation losses that compare favourably with other types of fi…

Optical fiberOptical fiberAbsorption spectroscopyInfraredChalcogenideChalcogenide glass02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundOpticsInfrared signaturelaw0103 physical sciencesCO2 storageElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyOptical path lengthbusiness.industryAttenuationGlobal warmingOrganic Chemistry[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry13. Climate action[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryChalcogenide glassOptical sensor0210 nano-technologybusinessInfrared
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Observation of Light Confinement Effects with a Near-Field Optical Microscope.

1996

This Letter reports the experimental observation of light confinement effects by near-field optical microscopy. Depolarization effects giving rise to light confinement close to nanoscopic objects have been unambiguously observed in near-field optical images of subwavelength dielectric pads etched on a flat glass substrate. According to the incident polarization, this phenomenon leads to reverse contrasts in the near-field optical image of the same subwavelength objects.

Optical imageMaterials sciencegenetic structuresbusiness.industryNear-field opticsPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyDielectricFlat glassPolarization (waves)law.inventionOpticsOptical microscopelawOptoelectronicsNear field optical microscopebusinessNanoscopic scalePhysical review letters
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DIMENSIONAL STABILITY OF REINFORCED MATRICES.

1983

Particulate fillers are often used to improve the dimensional stability of polymeric items obtained through processing techniques such as injection molding, deep drawing, hot stamping, etc. In these operations the material undergoes large multiaxial deformations which result in molecular orientation and remain as frozen-in stresses during cooling of the material. Once the formed objects are exposed to sufficiently high temperatures, various degrees of spring-back take place and subsequent changes in shape and dimension occur (1).

PLASTICSMaterials scienceELASTIC MODULUS GLASS FILLER NORMALIZED MASTER CURVE POLYPROPYLENE MATRIX POLYSTYRENE COMPOSITE RECOIL KINETICS OF COMPOSITE SHEETSOrientation (geometry)REINFORCEDHot stampingComposite materialDeep drawingStability (probability)Molding (decorative)
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Performance of porous silica layers in open-tubular columns for liquid chromatography

1989

Abstract Progress has been made in the preparation of porous silica layers in fused-silica capillaries for open-tubular liquid chromatography. The porous silica layer is prepared by (i) static coating of the silica precursor, polyethoxysiloxane (PES), followed by (ii) converting the PES film into a porous silica layer with ammonia solution. The porous silica layer can be easily modified by silane reagents commonly used in packed column high-performance liquid chromatography. The performance of the silica layer with the different phase systems was tested with polyaromatic hydrocarbons and derivatized amino acids as samples.

Packed bedChromatographyOrganic Chemistrytechnology industry and agricultureGeneral Medicinerespiratory systemPorous glassBiochemistrySilaneAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryReagentPorosityLayer (electronics)Fumed silicaHydrophobic silicaJournal of Chromatography A
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