Search results for " glycoprotein"

Induction of tumor peptide-specific cytotoxic T cells under serum-free conditions by mature human dendritic cells

2000

Tumor vaccination strategies using antigen-pulsed dendritic cells (DC) are currently under development. We established an in vitro system using cultured DC from HLA-typed volunteers for the induction of tumor peptide-specific CD8+ T cells. The strength and specificity of the resulting CTL responses were investigated. For stimulation of syngeneic CD8+ T cells two well-defined DC populations were generated: CD1a+ immature DC cultured in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4 and mature CD83+ DC generated by additional stimulation with a cytokine cocktail. Stimulations were performed under serum-free conditions and in the absence of exogenous cytokines. Analysis of T cell responses showed that mature…

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells suppress mast cell degranulation and allergic responses through OX40-OX40L interaction.

2008

T regulatory (Treg) cells play a role in the suppression of immune responses, thus serving to induce tolerance and control autoimmunity. Here, we explored whether Treg cells influence the immediate hypersensitivity response of mast cells (MCs). Treg cells directly inhibited the FcεRI-dependent MC degranulation through cell-cell contact involving OX40-OX40L interactions between Treg cells and MCs, respectively. When activated in the presence of Treg cells, MCs showed increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations and reduced Ca2+ influx, independently of phospholipase C (PLC)-γ2 or Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Antagonism of cAMP in MCs reversed the inhibitory effec…

Synergistic activation of dendritic cells by combined Toll-like receptor ligation induces superior CTL responses in vivo.

2006

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are able to interact with pathogen-derived products and their signals induce the coordinated activation of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in these events. As the different TLRs are able to trigger MyD88/TRIF-dependent and -independent signaling pathways, we wondered if the simultaneous activation of these signaling cascades would synergize with respect to DC activation and induce superior cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity in vivo. We observed that indeed the combined activation of MyD88-dependent and -independent signaling induced by TLR7 and TLR3 ligands provoked a more rapid and more sustained bone marrow–der…

Gene transfer of the Co-stimulatory molecules B7-1 and B7-2 enhances the immunogenicity of human renal cell carcinoma to a different extent.

1999

Stimulation of a specific antitumour immune response with recruitment and induction of T-cell effector functions represents an attractive concept in human cancer therapy. Different cytokines and the B7 co-stimulatory molecules are both able to provide proliferation and activation signals for T cells. In the present study, we first demonstrated the absence of both B7-1 and B7-2 expression in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines. The lack of B7 expression was associated with a low or absent proliferative response of allogeneic and autologous T cells upon stimulation with tumour cells. In order to investigate the role of B7-1 and B7-2, the human RCC cell line, MZ1257RC, which expresses …

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae flavodoxin-like proteins Ycp4 and Rfs1 play a role in stress response and in the regulation of genes related to metaboli…

2011

SPI1 is a gene whose expression responds to many environmental stimuli, including entry into stationary phase. We have performed a screening to identify genes that activate SPI1 promoter when overexpressed. The phosphatidylinositol- 4-phosphate 5-kinase gene MSS4 was identified as a positive activator of SPI1. Another SPI1 transcriptional regulator isolated was the flavodoxin-like gene YCP4. YCP4 and its homolog RFS1 regulate the expression of many genes during the late stages of growth. The double deletion mutant in YCP4 and its homolog RFS1 has an impact on gene expression related to metabolism by increasing the expression of genes involved in hexose transport and glycolysis, and decreasi…

Talin1 sets the stage for dendritic cell activation

2020

In dendritic cells, talin1 links integrin binding to efficient TLR downstream signaling through interaction with MyD88 and PIP5K.

The designer cytokine hyper-interleukin-6 is a potent activator of STAT3-dependent gene transcription in vivo and in vitro.

1999

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) triggers pivotal pathways in vivo. The designer protein hyper-IL-6 (H-IL-6) fuses the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) through an intermediate linker with IL-6. The intracellular pathways that are triggered by H-IL-6 are not defined yet. Therefore, we studied the molecular mechanisms leading to H-IL-6-dependent gene activation. H-IL-6 stimulates haptoglobin mRNA expression in HepG2 cells, which is transcriptionally mediated as assessed by run-off experiments. The increase in haptoglobin gene transcription correlates with higher nuclear translocation of tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT3 and its DNA binding. As H-IL-6 stimulates STAT3-dependent gene transcription, we compared t…

Total Synthesis of the Glycopeptide Recognition Domain of the P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand 1

2008

Initial steps of wall protoplast regeneration in Candida albicans

1997

Summary Cell wall regeneration of individual Candida albicans yeast and mycelial protoplasts was studied with confocal and electron microscopy using polyclonal antibodies and leetins. Quantitative measurements of the fluorescence emitted by individual protoplasts during the process of regeneration indicate that chitin is the first polymer to be laid down, whereas β(1,3)- and β(1,6)glucan are incorporated at a later stage. Mannoproteins were found on the surface of fresh protoplasts and those newly synthesized were then deposited with time. During the first steps of wall regeneration, the proteins that interacted covalently with chitin or glucan were different, but the same species were foun…

Expression of the actin-bundling protein fascin in cultured human dendritic cells correlates with dendritic morphology and cell differentiation.

2000

Dendritic cells are key players of the immune system as they efficiently induce primary immune responses by activating naive T cells. We generated human dendritic cells from CD14+ blood precursors and investigated expression of the actin-bundling protein fascin during maturation by western blotting, immunofluorescence, and cytofluorometry. Cells obtained by culture of CD14+ blood precursors in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4, which were only weakly positive for the maturation marker CD83, expressed low amounts of fascin. Addition of a cytokine cocktail including tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and prostaglandi…