Search results for " igiene"

showing 10 items of 754 documents

Transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 in Europe remains limited to single classes

2008

BACKGROUND: The spread of drug-resistant HIV-1 might compromise the future success of current first-line regimens. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the extent and impact of transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants in Europe. DESIGN AND METHODS: The European prospective programme (SPREAD) collected demographic, clinical and virological data from 1245 HIV-1-infected individuals in 17 countries diagnosed in 2002-2003. The potential impact of transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRMs) on therapy response was determined by using genotypic interpretation algorithms. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of viruses with drug-resistance mutations was 9.1% [96/1050; 95% confidence interval: 7.5-11.1]. The ma…

MaleGenes Viralmedicine.medical_treatmentResistanceHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)hiv-1HIV InfectionsDrug resistanceSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicatamedicine.disease_causeNucleoside Reverse Transcriptase InhibitorGenotypePrevalenceImmunology and AllergyHIV InfectionIsraelriskimmunodeficiency-virus type-1Transmission (medicine)transmissionpersistenceMiddle AgedReverse Transcriptase InhibitorEuropeInfectious Diseasesprimary infectionReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsFemaleeuropeHumanAdultRiskGenotypeLogistic ModelprevalenceImmunologyBiologyresistanceSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingDrug Resistance ViralDisease Transmission InfectiousmedicineHumansTransmissionHIV Protease Inhibitortime trendstherapyChi-Square DistributionProteaseHIV Protease InhibitorsloadmutationsVirologyConfidence intervalReverse transcriptaseLogistic ModelsDisease Transmission InfectiouMutationHIV-1AIDS
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Is there a lack of information on HPV vaccination given by health professionals to young women?

2013

Objective: The aim of this survey is to compare the main sources of information about vaccination against Human papillomavirus (HPV) of young women aged over-18 and under-18 years.Methods: A multicenter study was carried out in Italy through the administration of a questionnaire. Univariate analyses were conducted to evaluate possible differences between age groups and different locations (chi-square test and Fisher test where possible).Results: The sample consisted of 987 young women. The main sources of information about HPV vaccination are represented by magazines/books (23.1%) and TV (20.5%) for the over-18s, while for the under-18s the sources are general practitioners (22.6%) and pedi…

MaleHealth Knowledge Attitudes Practicemedicine.medical_specialtyHPVAdolescentAlternative medicineUterine Cervical NeoplasmsHPV Source of information Vaccine Young womenNOYoung Adultsymbols.namesakeSurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineHumansPapillomavirus VaccinesChildSettore MED/42 - IGIENE GENERALE E APPLICATAFisher's exact testGynecologyCervical cancerUnivariate analysisGeneral VeterinaryGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyHealth professionalsbusiness.industryPapillomavirus InfectionsVaccinationPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthHpv vaccinationProfessional-Patient Relationsmedicine.diseaseSource of informationTest (assessment)VaccinationInfectious DiseasesHealth CommunicationItalyFamily medicinesymbolsMolecular MedicineHPV; Source of information; Vaccine; Young womenFemaleYoung womenbusinessVaccine
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Old and new immunophenotypic markers in multiple myeloma for discrimination of responding and relapsing patients: The importance of "normal" residual…

2014

Background Multiple myeloma is an incurable disease characterized by proliferation of clonal malignant plasma cells (CPCs), which can be immunophenotypically distinguished from polyclonal plasma cells (PPCs) by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC). The utility of PPCs analysis in detecting prognostic and predictive information is still a matter of debate. Methods: we tested the ability of 11 MFC markers in detecting differences in the immunophenotype of CPCs and PPCs among patients in various disease stages; we verified if these markers could be associated with disease stage/response to therapy despite the role of clinical parameters. Results: significant changes in the expression of markers…

MaleHistologyIntegrin alpha4Antigens CD19Plasma CellsAntineoplastic AgentsSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataImmunophenotypingMonoclonal gammopathieRecurrenceMultiple myelomaHumansAgedNeoplasm StagingSettore MED/04 - Patologia GeneraleMonoclonal gammopathies; Multiparameter flow cytometry; Multiple myeloma; Cell Biology; HistologyCell BiologyMiddle AgedCD58 AntigensFlow CytometryPrognosisCD56 AntigenClone CellsMultiparameter flow cytometryTreatment OutcomeGene Expression RegulationLeukocyte Common AntigensRegression AnalysisFemaleBiomarkers
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Transmission of HIV Drug Resistance and the Predicted Effect on Current First-line Regimens in Europe

2016

Transmitted human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance in Europe is stable at around 8%. The impact of baseline mutation patterns on susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs should be addressed using clinical guidelines. The impact on baseline susceptibility is largest for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

MaleHuman immunodeficiency virus 1EtravirineRNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitordarunavirHIV InfectionsSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicata:Disciplines and Occupations::Health Occupations::Medicine::Public Health [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Salud públicageneticsInhibidores de proteasas:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Prevalence [Medical Subject Headings]atazanavirmedia_commontransmission:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe [Medical Subject Headings]3. Good healthmicrobial sensitivity testpriority journalEurope ; HIV-1 ; antiretroviral therapy ; drug resistance ; transmissionHIV/AIDSlamivudineReverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/pharmacologyanti human immunodeficiency virus agentDrugMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyantiviral susceptibility:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Mutation [Medical Subject Headings]media_common.quotation_subjectantiretroviral therapy030106 microbiologyHIV Infections/drug therapy:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Antiviral Agents::Anti-Retroviral Agents::Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors [Medical Subject Headings]Microbial Sensitivity TestsRILPIVIRINEArticleEFAVIRENZ03 medical and health sciencestransmitted drug resistanceSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingHumansTransmissionhuman:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Pharmacological Phenomena::Drug Resistance [Medical Subject Headings]REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORSRilpivirinaINTEGRASEMUTATIONSabacavirmajor clinical studyVirologyInfecciones por VIHRegimenAntiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmission; Medicine (all); Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseaseschemistryDrug resistance:Chemicals and Drugs::Heterocyclic Compounds::Heterocyclic Compounds 1-Ring::Oxazines::Benzoxazines [Medical Subject Headings]MutationHIV-10301 basic medicinenevirapineDrug resistanceCommunicable diseases:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Confidence Intervals [Medical Subject Headings]chemistry.chemical_compoundantiviral therapyINFECTIONMedicine and Health SciencesPrevalence:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Surveys and Questionnaires [Medical Subject Headings]ViralNon-U.S. Gov'tReverse-transcriptase inhibitorantiretrovirus agentResearch Support Non-U.S. Gov'tMedicine (all)Human immunodeficiency virus infected patientMiddle AgedvirologyPREVALENCEAntiretroviral therapyEncuestas y CuestionariosANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENTEuropeInfectious DiseasesHIV-1/drug effectsHIV Protease Inhibitors/pharmacologyRilpivirineReverse Transcriptase Inhibitors:Diseases::Immune System Diseases::Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes::HIV Infections [Medical Subject Headings]FemaleHIV drug resistancemedicine.drugAdultHuman immunodeficiency virus proteinase inhibitor:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Nitriles::Rilpivirine [Medical Subject Headings]EfavirenzAnti-HIV AgentsResearch SupportResistencia a medicamentosSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVEantiviral resistanceInternal medicineAnti-HIV Agents/pharmacologyDrug Resistance ViralJournal Articlemedicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Enzyme Inhibitors::Protease Inhibitors [Medical Subject Headings]abacavir plus lamivudineEuropa (Continente)Antiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmission; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Drug Resistance Viral; Europe; Female; HIV Infections; HIV Protease Inhibitors; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mutation; Prevalence; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseasesemtricitabinenonhumanIntervalos de confianzadrug resistanceMutaciónAntiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; Europe; HIV-1; Transmissionbusiness.industryHIVpredictionInhibidores de la transcriptasa inversaHIV Protease InhibitorsHuman immunodeficiency virus 1 infectiontenofovirINDIVIDUALSDrug Resistance Viral/geneticsBenzoxazinasETRAVIRINEdrug effects3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicinePrevalenciabusiness
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Effectiveness of a project to prevent HIV vertical transmission in the Republic of Congo

2013

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of a prevention programme against the vertical transmission of HIV in a resource-limited setting and to investigate variables associated with compliance. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Kento-Mwana project (2005-2008) provided counselling, serological and biomolecular testing and prophylaxis/therapy to HIV-positive pregnant women and their children attending four antenatal clinics in Pointe Noire, Republic of Congo. Expected and actual rates of vertical transmission of HIV were compared. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed in order to identify variables associated with non-compliance. RESULTS: The observed transmission rate in the group wh…

MaleInfectious Disease TransmissionPMTCTHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)HIV Infectionsmedicine.disease_causeSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicatalaw.inventionlawPregnancyVerticalPharmacology (medical)Prospective StudiesPregnancy Complications InfectiousProspective cohort studyAttrition; Drop-out; Lost to follow-up; Mother-to-child transmission; PMTCT; Congo; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Infant; Infant Newborn; Infectious Disease Transmission Vertical; Male; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Patient Compliance; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications Infectious; Prospective Studies; Health Services Research; Pharmacology; Pharmacology (medical); Infectious DiseasesInfectiousdrop-outTransmission (mechanics)Infectious DiseasesCongoFemaleHealth Services ResearchMicrobiology (medical)attritionHIV prevention; vertical transmission; republic of CongoTransmission rateHIV preventionTarget populationPrenatal caremedicineHumansLost to follow-upPharmacologylost to follow-upPregnancybusiness.industryInfant Newbornmother-to-child transmissionInfantrepublic of CongoPatient Acceptance of Health Caremedicine.diseaseNewbornInfectious Disease Transmission VerticalPregnancy ComplicationsImmunologyPatient Compliancevertical transmissionbusinessDemography
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HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 8 SEROPREVALENCE AMONG INTERNATIONALLY ADOPTED CHILDREN COMING FROM EASTERN EUROPE

2009

The seroprevalence of Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV8) and its transmission pattern were assessed testing serum samples of 120 internationally adopted children (aged 1-15 years) coming from Eastern Europe. Determinations of IgG antibodies against both latent and lytic HHV-8 antigens were performed by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Antibodies were detected only for lytic antigen of the virus in 12.5% of children with a seroprevalence significatively higher (19.6%) in young children (age 1-6). No correlation was observed between HHV8 seropositivity and serological markers for hepatitis A, B and C viruses and Human Immunodeficiency virus. In conclusion, our findings suggest that HHV8 infection …

MaleInternationalityAdopted children Eastern Europe Human Herpes Virus 8 Seroepidemiology .AdolescentInfantHIV InfectionsHerpesviridae InfectionsHepatitis AAntibodies ViralHepatitis BSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataHepatitis CSeroepidemiologic StudiesChild PreschoolAdoptionHerpesvirus 8 HumanHumansFemaleEurope EasternChild
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Tobacco smoke and risk of childhood acute non-lymphocytic leukemia: findings from the SETIL study.

2014

Background Parental smoking and exposure of the mother or the child to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) as risk factors for Acute non-Lymphocytic Leukemia (AnLL) were investigated. Methods Incident cases of childhood AnLL were enrolled in 14 Italian Regions during 1998–2001. We estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) conducting logistic regression models including 82 cases of AnLL and 1,044 controls. Inverse probability weighting was applied adjusting for: age; sex; provenience; birth order; birth weight; breastfeeding; parental educational level age, birth year, and occupational exposure to benzene. Results Paternal smoke in the conception period was associated wit…

MaleLifestyle Causes of CancerPediatricslcsh:MedicineSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataTobacco smokeEconomicaPregnancySurveys and Questionnaireshemic and lymphatic diseasesOdds RatioMedicine and Health SciencesPublic Health SurveillanceChildlcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinaryparental smokingCancer Risk Factorschildhood leukemiaSmokingBirth orderLeukemia Myeloid AcuteOncologyMaternal ExposureChild PreschoolPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsFemaleAETIOLOGYResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyBirth weightSocio-culturalemedicineHumansTobacco smoke childhoodPregnancybusiness.industrylcsh:RCase-control studyPregnancy and CancerAmbientaleOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalPediatric OncologyCase-Control StudiesTobacco Smoke Pollutionlcsh:QbusinessBreast feedingDemographyPLoS ONE
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Lung cancer incidence in young women (20-49 years) reached incidence in young men

2013

Il grafico, basato sui dati AIRTUM 1992- 2007,mostra l’andamento dell’incidenza di tumore del polmone nei giovani adulti di età 20-49 anni in entrambi i sessi. I

MaleLung Neoplasmscancro nelle giovani donneyoungIncidenceAdenocarcinomaLung cancer incidence youngcancro nei giovani uominiSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicataincidenza del ca polmonareItalyincidenceHumansFemaleLung cancer
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tst1-positive ST22-MRSA-IVa in healthy Italian preschool children

2013

A survey was performed in May 2013 to assess methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization in healthy children attending 26 municipal daycare centres in Palermo, Italy. Of the 500 children, ten (2 %) tested positive. Eight MRSA isolates were tst1-positive ST22-MRSA-IVa, spa t223; the other two isolates were identified as ST1-IVa and ST398-V, respectively. tst1-positive ST22-MRSA, spa t223 has been previously identified only in the Middle Eastern area.

MaleMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusMicrobiology (medical)Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaGenotypeMEDLINEmedicine.disease_causeSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataMolecular typingSettore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E SpecialisticaGenotypemedicineHumansHealthy childrenNasal colonizationSicilyMolecular EpidemiologyMolecular epidemiologyMiddle Eastern areabusiness.industryData CollectionGeneral MedicineStaphylococcal Infectionsbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbacterial infections and mycosesST22-MRSA-IVaMolecular TypingInfectious DiseasesStaphylococcus aureusChild PreschoolCarrier StateDaycare centerFemalebusiness
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization: a three-year prospective study in a neonatal intensive care unit in Italy.

2014

Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major etiological agent of infection in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Routes of entry of this organism can be different and the transmission pathway complex. Colonized neonates are the main endogenous reservoir. Methods and Results: We conducted a prospective three-year study on MRSA colonization recruiting 722 neonates admitted between 2009 and 2012. Nasal swabs were cultured weekly and MRSA isolates were submitted to molecular typing. The annual incidence density of acquisition of MRSA ranged from a maximum of 20.2 cases for 1000 patient-days during the first year to a minimum of 8.8 cases in the second one to ra…

MaleMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaPediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyMeticillinNeonatal intensive care unitInfectious Disease ControlClinical Research DesignEpidemiologyBacterial diseasesPrevalenceColony Count Microbiallcsh:MedicineDrug resistanceSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicatamedicine.disease_causePediatricsInfectious Disease EpidemiologySettore MED/01 - Statistica MedicaSettore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E SpecialisticaIntensive careIntensive Care Units NeonatalNosocomial infectionsmedicineHumansColonizationProspective Studieslcsh:ScienceMolecular EpidemiologyMultidisciplinarybusiness.industrylcsh:RInfant NewbornOutbreakStaphylococcal Infectionsbacterial infections and mycosesMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusMolecular TypingMethicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus neonatal intensive care unitMedicineInfectious diseasesFemalelcsh:QNeonatologybusinessmedicine.drugResearch ArticlePLoS ONE
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