Search results for " impairment"
showing 10 items of 422 documents
Occurrence of cognitive impairment and dementia in the community: a 9-year-long prospective study.
2008
Objective: To determine incidence rates of non-dementia cognitive impairment, to examine the impact of attrition due to death on the observed incidence estimates, and to compare the observed and corrected estimates of non-dementia cognitive impairment with dementia incidence rates. Methods: A total of 1,435 persons without dementia aged 75+ from the Kungsholmen Project were evaluated for occurrence of dementia over 9 years. A total of 1,070 cognitively unimpaired subjects were also followed using amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and other cognitive impairment, no dementia (OCIND) definitions. To correct the observed incidence rates for attrition due to death, cognitive status for s…
Physical activity and dementia : Long-term follow-up study of adult twins
2015
Introduction. Physical activity is associated with a decreased occurrence of dementia. In twins, we investigated the effect of persistent physical activity in adulthood on mortality due to dementia. Materials and methods. Physical activity was queried in 1975 and 1981 from the members of the older Finnish Twin Cohort (n = 2 1,791), who were aged 24-60 years at the end of 1981. The subjects were divided into three categories according to the persistence of their vigorous physical activity. Dementia deaths were followed up to the end of 2011. Results. During the 29-year follow-up, 353 subjects died of dementia. In individual-based analyses the age-and sex-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 0.65 (…
Influence of comorbidity and cognitive status on instrumental activities of daily living in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: results from the ReGA…
2007
Objectives To investigate whether amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is characterised by restriction in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Further, to examine the role of comorbidity and cognitive performance on IADL changes in aMCI subjects. Methods The study included 132 subjects with aMCI and 249 subjects with no cognitive impairment (NCI), consecutively enrolled as outpatients in a multicentric Italian clinical-based study, the ReGAl Project. All subjects underwent a comprehensive evaluation including clinical examination, laboratory screening, neuroimaging and cognitive and behavioral assessments. Functional status was evaluated by the Lawton's Instrumental Activiti…
Anxiety symptoms and mild cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults from low- and middle-income countries.
2021
Abstract Aim Anxiety may be a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) but there is a scarcity of data on this association especially from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, we investigated the association between anxiety and MCI among older adults residing in six LMICs (China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, South Africa), and the mediational effect of sleep problems in this association. Methods Cross-sectional, community-based, nationally representative data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. The definition of MCI was based on the National Institute on Ageing-Alzheimer's Association criteria. Multivariable logistic regression analy…
Low Hemoglobin Levels and the Onset of Cognitive Impairment in Older People: The PRO.V.A. Study
2016
Low hemoglobin (Hb) levels are attracting interest as a risk factor for cognitive impairment, but with contrasting evidence emerging from the current literature. The aim of our work was to investigate the relationship between baseline serum Hb levels and the incidence of cognitive impairment in older people over a follow-up of 4.4 years. Our study considered a sample of 1227 elderly subjects cognitively intact at baseline, enrolled under the Progetto Veneto Anziani (Pro.V.A.) among 3099 screened subjects. For all participants, we measured serum Hb levels on blood samples; incident cognitive impairment was defined as a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score <24 and confirmed by geriat…
Active Travel and Mild Cognitive Impairment among Older Adults from Low- and Middle-Income Countries
2021
Active travel may be an easily achievable form of physical activity for older people especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but there are currently no studies on how this form of physical activity is associated with a preclinical state of dementia known as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between active travel and MCI among adults aged ≥50 years from six LMICs. Cross-sectional, community-based data from the World Health Organization’s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health were analyzed. The definition of MCI was based on the National Institute on Ageing-Alzheimer’s Association criteria. Active travel (minutes/week) was as…
Low-Dose Aspirin Use and Cognitive Function in Older Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
2017
Objectives:\ud \ud To investigate whether low-dose aspirin (<300 mg/d) can influence the onset of cognitive impairment or dementia in observational studies and improve cognitive test scores in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in participants without dementia.\ud \ud Design:\ud \ud Systematic review and meta-analysis.\ud \ud Setting:\ud \ud Observational and interventional studies.\ud \ud Participants:\ud \ud Individuals with no dementia or cognitive impairment initially.\ud \ud Measurements:\ud \ud Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for the maximum number of covariates from each study, were used to summarize data on the incidence of dementia and cognitive impa…
Sprachentwicklungsstörungen bei Kindern
2009
Wesentliche Voraussetzung für eine ungestörte Kindesentwicklung ist ein regelrechter Spracherwerb. Sprachentwicklungsstörungen (SES) im Kindesalter sind häufig. Für spezifische (isolierte) Sprachentwicklungsstörungen liegt die Prävalenz bei 6 – 8 %; hinzukommen SES, die mit anderen Störungen assoziiert sind. Da flächendeckende Sprachstandserfassungen im Kindergartenalter, die Kinder mit einem SES-Verdacht einer Diagnostik zuführen sollen, auch in Deutschland in den Blickpunkt rücken und eine erhebliche Unsicherheit in der Diagnosestellung von SES und der Verordnungspraxis für Sprachtherapie besteht, sollen die hier in gekürzter Form vorgestellten, überarbeiteten AWMF-Leitlinien der Deutsch…
Today Is My Day: Analysis of the Awareness Campaigns’ Impact on Functional Diversity in the Press, on Google, and on Twitter
2021
(1) Every day, people with functional diversity face different kinds of difficulties that pose a barrier to their social inclusion. These difficulties often go unnoticed by most citizens. Social networks are a powerful tool to sensitize the population. With this objective, different organizations such as associations, federations, foundations, and other institutions have promoted campaigns through the celebration of world days for different types of functional diversity. This research aims to monitor and analyze the impact of these social campaigns in Spain, including Asperger’s syndrome, rare diseases, Down syndrome, autism, hearing and visual impairment, cerebral palsy, dyslexia, ADHD, sp…
Hearing impairment and diverse health outcomes: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies
2021
Background: Globally, it is estimated that approximately 1.3 billion people live with some form of hearing impairment. Major causes of hearing loss include infection/disease, age-related factors, and occupational factors. Numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have attempted to synthesise literature on these topics. To date there has not been a systematic evaluation of the relationships between hearing impairment and diverse physical, mental, and social outcomes. Objective: We performed an umbrella review of systematic reviews of observational studies with meta-analyses for any physical disease, biomarkers of disease, mental health or cognitive outcomes, and/or modifiable risk factor…