Search results for " lipid"
showing 10 items of 481 documents
DNA and neutral lipid contents of peripheral cells as predictive biomarkers of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: Highlights on the i…
2014
Nanoparticle formulations as recrystallization inhibitors in transdermal patches
2020
Abstract Drug crystallization in transdermal patches is still a major challenge, confronting the formulation development of topical drug delivery systems. Encapsulation of drugs into nanoparticles is proposed here as a promising tool for regulating drug crystallization in transdermal patches. The degree of recrystallization and transdermal permeation of ibuprofen and hydrocortisone loaded in polymeric and lipid nanoparticles from matrix-type transdermal patches were investigated. Ethyl cellulose (EC4), poly (lactide-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were employed for polymeric nanoparticle preparations; while medium chain triglyceride (MCT) and witepsol were used for the p…
N- and O-methylation of sphingomyelin markedly affects its membrane properties and interactions with cholesterol
2011
We have prepared palmitoyl sphingomyelin (PSM) analogs in which either the 2-NH was methylated to NMe, the 3-OH was methylated to OMe, or both were methylated simultaneously. The aim of the study was to determine how such modifications in the membrane interfacial region of the molecules affected interlipid interactions in bilayer membranes. Measuring DPH anisotropy in vesicle membranes prepared from the SM analogs, we observed that methylation decreased gel-phase stability and increased fluid phase disorder, when compared to PSM. Methylation of the 2-NH had the largest effect on gel-phase instability (T(m), was lowered by similar to 7 degrees C). Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations sho…
Stabilisation of mixed peptide/lipid complexes in selective antifungal hexapeptides
2004
AbstractThe design of antimicrobial peptides could have benefited from structural studies of known peptides having specific activity against targetmicrobes, but not toward other microorganisms. We have previously reported the identification of a series of peptides (PAF-series) activeagainst certain postharvest fungal phytopathogens, and devoid of toxicity towards E. coli and S. cerevisiae [Lo´pez-Garci´a et al. Appl.Environ. Microbiol. 68 (2002) 2453]. The peptides inhibited the conidia germination and hyphal growth. Here, we present a comparativestructural characterisation of selected PAF peptides obtained by single-amino-acid replacement, which differ in biological activity. Thepeptides w…
Il diabete, la familiarita’ per malattie cardiovascolari e l’estensione della malattia vasale quali predittori degli eventi clinici ad 1 anno di foll…
2004
Updated insights into the mechanism of action and clinical profile of the immunoadjuvant QS-21: A review
2019
Background Vaccine adjuvants are compounds that significantly enhance/prolong the immune response to a co-administered antigen. The limitations of the use of aluminium salts that are unable to elicite cell responses against intracellular pathogens such as those causing malaria, tuberculosis, or AIDS, have driven the development of new alternative adjuvants such as QS-21, a triterpene saponin purified from Quillaja saponaria. Purpose The aim of this review is to attempt to clarify the mechanism of action of QS-21 through either receptors or signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo with special emphasis on the co-administration with other immunostimulants in new adjuvant formulations, called a…
Intestinal CD36 : A long chain fatty acid receptor which controls post prandial hypertriglyceridemia, endotoxemia and intestinal epithelium integrity
2014
Post prandial hypertriglyceridemia represents a risk factor for cardio-vascular diseases and it is associated with metabolic syndrom, obesity, and insulino-resistance. The intestine influences lipid bioavailibility and post prandial hypertriglyceridemia. It controls the quantity and the quality of secreted chylomicrons by adapting its metabolism according to the lipid content of the diet. Nevertheless, the mechanism of dietary lipid detection by the enterocyte is not understood. Our work demonstrates that the transmembrane glycoprotein CD36 is a Long Chain Fatty Acid (LCFA) receptor which triggers ERK1/2 activation. This activation is responsible for the induction of mRNA rate of 3 key prot…
Variations of lipid and apolipoprotein content in lipoproteins during fasting in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)
1997
Lipoproteins are involved in transport of exogenous and endogenous lipids. For this reason, the lipoprotein pattern undergoes drastic variation during fasting. In D. labrax, observed variations concern, the relative content of the five lipoproteins and their composition, both in lipid and apolipoprotein content. These data indicate the presence of a cascade mechanism of maturation involving very-low-density lipoprotein, (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-1 and LDL-2. In addition, a metabolic correlation involves VLDL and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). VLDL are functionally comparable with mammalian chylomicrons; in fact, they disappear rapidly after feeding from the chromatographic patt…
Double layer potential and degree of dissociation in charged lipid monolayers
2000
Abstract One of the contributions to the surface potential in charged phospholipid monolayers at air–water interfaces is the double layer potential. In this note several misconceptions found in the literature concerning the relationship between the double layer potential and the degree of dissociation of the lipid polar headgroups are critically analyzed. The deviations of the double layer potential measurements from the Gouy–Chapman theory observed by several authors are explained by taking into account the dependence of the degree of dissociation with concentration, area per lipid molecule and pH.
Bioadhesive Matrix Tablets Loaded with Lipophilic Nanoparticles as Vehicles for Drugs for Periodontitis Treatment: Development and Characterization
2019
Periodontitis treatment is usually focused on the reduction or eradication of periodontal pathogens using antibiotics against anaerobic bacteria, such as metronidazole (MTR). Moreover, recently the correlation between periodontal diseases and overexpression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) led to the introduction of antioxidant biomolecules in therapy. In this work, bioadhesive buccal tablets, consisting of a hydrophilic matrix loaded with metronidazole and lipophilic nanoparticles as a vehicle of curcumin, were developed. Curcumin (CUR)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were prepared using glycyrrhetic acid, hexadecanol, isopropyl palmitate and Tween®