Search results for " magnetic resonance imaging"
showing 10 items of 452 documents
Caecal leiomyoma detected by whole-body MRI in a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma: first case report
2017
Introduction. Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is one of the most curable malignant diseases. Modern treatments, like the combined radiochemotherapy and stem cell transplantation, have increased the number of malignant disease survivors. However, HL survivors are at risk of long-term effects, including the development of solid tumors. Secondary neoplasms are a major cause of late morbidity and mortality following treatment for HL. Case report. We report the case of a male patient, treated for HL by chemotherapy, who developed a large leiomyoma of the cecum one year after the treatment. A whole-body Magnetic Resonance (WBMRI) scan performed during the follow-up allowed the detection of this incidental …
Clinical aspects of the apparent diffusion coefficient in 3He MRI: results in healthy volunteers and patients after lung transplantation.
2007
Purpose To measure the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) after inhalation of hyperpolarized 3He in healthy volunteers and lung transplant recipients, and demonstrate the gravity dependence of ADC values. Materials and Methods Six healthy volunteers, 10 patients after single-lung transplantation, and six patients after double-lung transplantation were examined at 1.5T during inspiration and expiration. The inhalation of 300 mL of hyperpolarized 3He was performed with a computer-controlled delivery device. A two-dimensional fast low-angle shot (FLASH) sequence measured the 3He diffusive gas movement. From these data the ADC was calculated. Results The mean ADC was 0.143 cm2/second in healt…
Typical trigeminal neuralgia by an atypical compression: case report and review of the literature.
2014
Aim Trigeminal neuralgia is a disabling form of facial pain that causes a considerable discomfort and a marked reduction in the quality of life. Although neurovascular compression is often associated with trigeminal neuralgia, other intracranial pathologies can result in compression along the nerve. Case description The authors report a case of a patient suffering from a typical left trigeminal neuralgia affecting both the second and the third branches. Neuroradiological examinations showed the presence of an arachnoid cyst located in the left temporal lobe, contiguous with the Meckel's cave, eroding the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Following a meticulous decision-making process the p…
Decoding Musical Training from Dynamic Processing of Musical Features in the Brain
2018
AbstractPattern recognition on neural activations from naturalistic music listening has been successful at predicting neural responses of listeners from musical features, and vice versa. Inter-subject differences in the decoding accuracies have arisen partly from musical training that has widely recognized structural and functional effects on the brain. We propose and evaluate a decoding approach aimed at predicting the musicianship class of an individual listener from dynamic neural processing of musical features. Whole brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data was acquired from musicians and nonmusicians during listening of three musical pieces from different genres. Six mus…
Repetition suppression versus enhancement — it's quantity that matters
2013
Upon repetition, certain stimuli induce reduced neural responses (i.e., repetition suppression), whereas others evoke stronger signals (i.e., repetition enhancement). It has been hypothesized that stimulus properties (e.g., visibility) determine the direction of the repetition effect. Here, we show that the very same stimuli can induce both repetition suppression and enhancement, whereby the only determining factor is the number of repetitions. Repeating the same, initially novel low-visible pictures of scenes for up to 5 times enhanced the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response in scene-selective areas, that is, the parahippocampal place area (PPA) and the transverse occipital sulcus…
Validation of tumour-free distance as novel prognostic marker in early-stage cervical cancer: a retrospective, single-centre, cohort study
2021
Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic value of tumour-free distance (TFD), defined as the minimum distance of uninvolved stroma between the tumour and peri-cervical stromal ring, in early-stage cervical cancer. Methods: Patients with pathologic FIGO 2009 stage IA1–IIA2 cervical cancer, treated by primary radical surgical treatment between 01/2000 and 11/2019, were retrospectively included. Adjuvant treatment was administered according to the presence of previously established pathologic risk factors. TFD was measured histologically on the hysterectomy specimen. Pre-operative TFD measured at MRI-scan from a cohort of patients was reviewed and compared with pat…
Neural correlates of antinociception in borderline personality disorder.
2006
Context A characteristic feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD) is self-injurious behavior in conjunction with stress-induced reduction of pain perception. Reduced pain sensitivity has been experimentally confirmed in patients with BPD, but the neural correlates of antinociceptive mechanisms in BPD are unknown. We predicted that heat stimuli in patients with BPD would activate brain areas concerned with cognitive and emotional evaluation of pain. Objective To assess the psychophysical properties and neural correlates of altered pain processing in patients with BPD. Design Case-control study. Setting A university hospital. Participants Twelve women with BPD and self-injurious behav…
Somatotopic organization of the corticospinal tract in the human brainstem: a MRI-based mapping analysis.
2005
To investigate the incompletely understood somatotopical organization of the corticospinal tract in the human brainstem, we performed a voxel-based statistical analysis of standardized magnetic resonance scans of 41 prospectively recruited patients with pyramidal tract dysfunction caused by acute brainstem infarction. Motor hemiparesis was rated clinically and by the investigation of motor evoked potentials to arms and legs. Infarction affected the pons in 85% of cases. We found the greatest level of significance of affected brainstem areas between the pontomesencephalic junction and the mid pons. Lesion location was significantly more dorsal in patients with hemiparesis affecting more prox…
Neurobiological signature of intimacy in anorexia nervosa
2019
Background Intimacy and psychosexual development represent core problems of anorexia nervosa (AN). Experiential and neurobiological evidence however is scarce. Material and methods Thirty-one female AN patients were compared with 35 non-patients (NP) and 22 recovered participants (REC) by using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants viewed pictures of couples in intimate relationships and control stimuli. Results AN patients experienced intimate stimuli with lower valence and dominance. AN showed decreased activation of parietal cortices. NP decreased the prefrontal cortex response, which AN patients did not. REC participants did not differ from NP on a behavioural level, thoug…
Functional MRI of human primary somatosensory and motor cortex during median nerve stimulation.
1999
Abstract Objectives: Somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) studies suggested that some early cortical SEP components may be generated in the primary motor cortex (M1) rather than the primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Methods: We now used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study activation of S1 and M1 by electrical median nerve stimulation in healthy volunteers. Results: The hand areas of both S1 and M1 showed significant activation (correlation coefficients >0.45) in 7 of 9 subjects (activated volume S1>M1). For comparison, a sequential finger opposition task significantly activated S1 in 7 and M1 in all 9 subjects (activated volume M1>S1). Conclusions: These data show that th…