Search results for " method"

showing 10 items of 10455 documents

Electronic structure of single-crystal rocksalt CdO studied by soft x-ray spectroscopies andab initiocalculations

2008

Soft x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) are employed to investigate the occupied and unoccupied electronic structures in rocksalt-phase single-crystal CdO. Resonant XES at the OK edge reveals a clear Cd 4d-O 2p hybridized peak and momentum-dependent coherent contributions to the resonant emission spectra. Good agreement is obtained between the above-threshold XES and XAS spectra, and the calculated O 2p local partial density of states (PDOS). Calculation of the O 2p PDOS was performed within the GW framework of many-body perturbation theory.

X-ray absorption spectroscopyMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyAb initio quantum chemistry methodsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaElectronic structureEmission spectrumPerturbation theoryAtomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsSingle crystalSpectral lineElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhysical Review B
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Interplay between local structure, vibrational and electronic properties on CuO under pressure

2020

The electronic and local structural properties of CuO under pressure have been investigated by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at Cu K edge and ab initio calculations, up to 17 GPa. The crystal structure of CuO consists of Cu motifs within CuO4 square planar units and two elongated apical Cu-O bonds. The CuO4 square planar units are stable in the studied pressure range, with Cu-O distances that are approximately constant up to 5 GPa, and then decrease slightly up to 17 GPa. In contrast, the elongated Cu-O apical distances decrease continuously with pressure in the studied range. An anomalous increase of the mean square relative displacement (EXAFS Debye-Waller, s2) of the elong…

X-ray absorption spectroscopyMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyCondensed matter physicsExtended X-ray absorption fine structureBand gapGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyCrystal structure021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesIonK-edgeAb initio quantum chemistry methods0103 physical sciencesPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technology
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ATHENA X-IFU thermal filters development status toward the end of the instrument phase-A

2018

Copyright 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited. The X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) is one of the two instruments of the Athena astrophysics space mission approved by ESA in the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Science Programme. The X-IFU consists of a large array of transition edge sensor micro-calorimeters that will operate at 100 mK inside a sophisticated cryostat. A set of thin filters, highly transparent to X-rays, will be m…

X-ray detectorCryostatCosmic VisionPhotonComputer scienceShieldsCondensed Matter Physicmicrocalorimeter01 natural sciences7. Clean energySettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaX-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU)0103 physical sciencesthermal thin-film filterElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAerospace engineering010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsbusiness.industryElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsShot noiseComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionTransition Edge SensorApplied MathematicATHENA X-ray observatoryRadio frequencyTransition edge sensorbusinessSpace Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray
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The LOFT mission concept: a status update

2016

The Large Observatory For x-ray Timing (LOFT) is a mission concept which was proposed to ESA as M3 and M4 candidate in the framework of the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 program. Thanks to the unprecedented combination of effective area and spectral resolution of its main instrument and the uniquely large field of view of its wide field monitor, LOFT will be able to study the behaviour of matter in extreme conditions such as the strong gravitational field in the innermost regions close to black holes and neutron stars and the supra-nuclear densities in the interiors of neutron stars. The science payload is based on a Large Area Detector (LAD, >8m2 effective area, 2-30 keV, 240 eV spectral resolut…

X-ray timing[ SDU.ASTR.GA ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA]Field of viewAstrophysics01 natural scienceslaw.inventionlawObservatorytiming010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQBPhysicsmicrochannel plates. PROPORTIONAL COUNTER ARRAYCALIBRATIONX-ray astronomyElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialApplied MathematicsAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionX-ray detectorsCondensed Matter Physicscompact objectsX-ray spectroscopy[SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA]spectroscopyCosmic Vision[ INFO ] Computer Science [cs]Silicon detectorAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCondensed Matter PhysicTelescopeX-rayX-ray astronomySilicon detectors; spectroscopy; timing; X-ray astronomy; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica0103 physical sciencesElectronic[INFO]Computer Science [cs]Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSpectral resolutionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringDETECTORta115X-ray astronomy Silicon detectors timing spectroscopy010308 nuclear & particles physicsX-ray imagingX-ray timing; X-ray spectroscopy; X-ray imaging; compact objects; X-ray detectors; microchannel plates. PROPORTIONAL COUNTER ARRAY; CALIBRATION; DETECTORApplied MathematicNeutron starQB460-466 AstrophysicsSilicon detectors; spectroscopy; timing; X-ray astronomy; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSilicon detectors; spectroscopy; timing; X-ray astronomySilicon detectorsLarge Observatory For x-ray Timing (LOFT) Large Area Detector (LAD) Wide Field Monitor (WFM) Large Area Silicon Drift Detectors (SDD)Gamma-ray burst
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IBIS: The Imager on-board INTEGRAL

2003

The IBIS telescope is the high angular resolution gamma-ray imager on-board the INTEGRAL Observatory, successfully launched from Baikonur (Kazakhstan) the 17th of October 2002. This medium size ESA project, planned for a 2 year mission with possible extension to 5, is devoted to the observation of the gamma-ray sky in the energy range from 3 keV to 10 MeV (Winkler 2001). The IBIS imaging system is based on two independent solid state detector arrays optimised for low ( 15-1000 keV) and high ( 0.175-10.0 MeV) energies surrounded by an active VETO System. This high efficiency shield is essential to minimise the background induced by high energy particles in the highly excentric out of van All…

X-ray transientAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaINTEGRAL ; IBIS ; Gamma-ray imagingUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAlaw.inventionTelescopesymbols.namesakeOpticslawObservatoryGamma-ray imagingAngular resolutionCoded aperturePhysicsIbisbiologyINTEGRALbusiness.industryAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsGamma rayAstronomy and Astrophysicsbiology.organism_classification:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia [UNESCO]Space and Planetary ScienceVan Allen radiation beltsymbolsIBISUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogoniabusiness:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]Astronomy & Astrophysics
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First Dark Matter Search Results from the XENON1T Experiment

2017

We report the first dark matter search results from XENON1T, a ∼2000-kg-target-mass dual-phase (liquid-gas) xenon time projection chamber in operation at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy and the first ton-scale detector of this kind. The blinded search used 34.2 live days of data acquired between November 2016 and January 2017. Inside the (1042±12)-kg fiducial mass and in the [5,40] keVnr energy range of interest for weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter searches, the electronic recoil background was (1.93±0.25)×10-4 events/(kg×day×keVee), the lowest ever achieved in such a dark matter detector. A profile likelihood analysis shows that the data are consisten…

Xenon[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Massive particleGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesWIMP: dark matterHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)RecoilXenonWIMPS046DM2[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Dark Matter[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]PhysicsRange (particle radiation)Time projection chamberDetectorHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologydark matter: scatteringTPCAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsWIMP nucleon: interactionParticle physicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)WIMPDark matterFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementWIMP: massS030DI2Nuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)[ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]0103 physical sciencesrecoil[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Physique010308 nuclear & particles physicsbackgrounddark matter: detectorAstronomieGran SassochemistryDirect Searchtime projection chamber: xenoninterpretation of experiments: XENON[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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Modeling the Spatial Distribution of Xylella fastidiosa: A Nonstationary Approach with Dispersal Barriers

2022

Spatial species distribution models often assume isotropy and stationarity, implying that spatial dependence is direction-invariant and uniform throughout the study area. However, these assumptions are violated when dispersal barriers are present. Despite this, the issue of nonstationarity has been little explored in the context of plant health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of barriers in the distribution of Xylella fastidiosa in the demarcated area in Alicante, Spain. Occurrence data from 2018 were analyzed through spatial Bayesian hierarchical models. The stationary model, illustrating a scenario without control interventions or geographical features, was com…

Xylella fastidiosaAlmond leaf scorchNon-stationary modelsIsotropySpecies distributionStochastic partial differential equationPlant ScienceContainmentBiologySpatial distributionbiology.organism_classificationDisease controlINLABiological dispersalU10 Mathematical and statistical methodsStatistical physicsXylella fastidiosaSpatial dependenceInvariant (mathematics)H20 Plant diseasesAgronomy and Crop ScienceBarriersEradication
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Methods to Compute Pressure and Wall Tension in Fluids containing Hard Particles

2011

Colloidal systems are often modelled as fluids of hard particles (possibly with an additional soft attraction, e.g. caused by polymers also contained in the suspension). in simulations of such systems, the virial theorem cannot be straightforwardly applied to obtain the components of the pressure tensor. In systems confined by walls, it is hence also not straightforward to extract the excess energy due to the wall (the "wall tension") from the pressure tensor anisotropy. A comparative evaluation of several methods to circumvent this problem is presented, using as examples fluids of hard spheres and the Asakura-Oosawa model of colloid-polymer mixtures with a size ratio $q=0.15$ (for which th…

Yield (engineering)Materials scienceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Tension (physics)Monte Carlo methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMechanicsHard spheresCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterVirial theoremComputer Science ApplicationsSuspension (chemistry)Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterComputational Theory and MathematicsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)TensorAnisotropyMathematical PhysicsCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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Soggettività in relazione: un percorso di ricerca sui vissuti giovanili

2022

Considering the most recent research on the condition of youth and the experiences of young people related to the pandemic time, this contribution intends to show an empirical research conducted through the phenomenological method with 190 male and female students, aged between 18 and 30, from the Primary Education Sciences courses at the University of Palermo. The participants had the opportunity to stop and reflect on their own experiences, to share a space and time for self-narration, in order to enhance the encounter with the other, to see, through the experiences of others, resources for their own existence and to co-construct common meanings. The analysis of the “data” was carried out…

Young People Subjectivity and Intersubjectivity Phe- nomenology Research in Education Narrative method.Settore M-PED/01 - Pedagogia Generale E Sociale
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The formal redox potential of the Yb(III,II) Couple at 0°C in 3.22 molal NaCl medium

2004

Following our previous investigations on aqueous solutions of hypooxidized and iperoxidized species, we managed, by lowering the temperature of the solutions to 0 degrees C, to obtain, by electrochemical methods, Yb(II) and Yb(III) mixtures, enough stable to determine by a potentiometric method the formal redox potential of the Yb(IlI, II) couple. Its value, in a large range of total Ytterbium concentration, is -1233 +/- 3 mV against the molal hydrogen electrode in the 3.22 m NaCl medium.

YtterbiumMolalityAqueous solutionStandard hydrogen electrodeChemistryInorganic chemistryvanadium amino acids ionic mediumTemperaturechemistry.chemical_elementLarge rangeSodium ChlorideElectrochemistryRedoxAnalytical ChemistryElectrochemistryElectroanalytical methodYtterbiumOxidation-ReductionGeneral Environmental Science
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