Search results for " mitochondrial"
showing 10 items of 492 documents
Cytotoxicity of three naturally occurring flavonoid derived compounds (artocarpesin, cycloartocarpesin and isobavachalcone) towards multi-factorial d…
2015
Abstract Introduction Cancer remains an aggressive deadly disease, if drug resistance develops. This problem is aggravated by the fact that multiple rather than single mechanisms are involved in resistance and that multidrug resistance (MDR) phenomena cause inefficacy of many clinical established anticancer drugs. We are seeking for novel cytotoxic phytochemicals to combat drug-resistant tumour cells. Methods In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of three naturally occurring flavonoids including two flavones artocarpesin (1) and cycloartocarpesin (2) and one chalcone, isobavachalcone (3) against 9 drug-sensitive and MDR cancer cell lines. The resazurin reduction assay was u…
Nuevo registro y caracterización molecular de la tortuga verde Chelonia mydas (Testudines, Cheloniidae) en las aguas costeras sicilianas
2017
A juvenile specimen of the Green Turtle, Chelonia mydas, was recovered in Sicilian coastal waters close to Avola (Syracuse province, south-eastern Sicily, Italy). Before being released, the specimen was measured and inspected for the presence of ingested hooks or other possible harms to its health. A fragment of the mtDNA marker COI was amplified and sequenced in order to provide the first molecular data for the species from the central Mediterranean area. The possible influence of climate change on the occurrence of this thermophilic species in the central Mediterranean area is briefly discussed.
A new record and molecular characterization of the Green Turtle Chelonia mydas (Testudines, Cheloniidae) in Sicilian coastal waters
2017
A juvenile specimen of the Green Turtle, Chelonia mydas, was recovered in Sicilian coastal waters close to Avola (Syracuse province, south-eastern Sicily, Italy). Before being released, the specimen was measured and inspected for the presence of ingested hooks or other possible harms to its health. A fragment of the mtDNA marker COI was amplified and sequenced in order to provide the first molecular data for the species from the central Mediterranean area. The possible influence of climate change on the occurrence of this thermophilic species in the central Mediterranean area is briefly discussed.
Phylogeny of long-tailed tits and allies inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear markers (Aves: Passeriformes, Aegithalidae)
2010
Abstract In this paper we provide a molecular phylogeny based on three mitochondrial and three nuclear markers for all long-tailed tit species of the genus Aegithalos including several doubtful subspecies (17 taxa) plus three close allies of SE Asian Leptopoecile and North American Psaltriparus . Genus Aegithalos is divided into three major clades, two of them showing only minor differentiation. Separation of two mitchondrial haploytpe clusters in the N Palearctic Long-tailed Tit, Ae. caudatus , was dated back to the Late Pleistocene, however, descendants from both lineages underwent a rapid post-Pleistocene range expansion and largely mixed over the entire distribution area. The Chinese po…
Cytotoxicity and modes of action of five Cameroonian medicinal plants against multi-factorial drug resistance of tumor cells
2013
Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Beilschmiedia acuta Kosterm, Clausena anisata (Willd) Hook, Fagara tessmannii Engl., Newbouldia laevis Seem., and Polyscias fulva (Hiern) Harms. are medicinal plants used in Cameroonian traditional medicine in the treatment of various types of cancers. The present study aims at investigating 11 methanolic extracts from the above Cameroonian medicinal plants on a panel of human cancer cell lines, including various drug-resistant phenotypes. Possible modes of action were analyzed for two extracts from Beilschmiedia acuta and Polyscia fulva and alpha-hederin, the representative constituent of Polyscia fulva. Materials and methods Cytotoxicity was determi…
Mitochondrial compartment: a possible target of cadmium effects on breast epithelial cells.
2009
Cadmium–breast epithelial cell interactions were studied by analyzing some mitochondria-related aspects of stress response. We treated immortalized non-tumor breast cells with 5 or 50 μM CdCl2 for 24 or 96 h demonstrating that the exposure did not cause a significant mitochondrial proliferation, while it induced a significant increase in the respiratory activity and mitochondrial polarization. In addition, we found that hsp60 was up-regulated while hsp70 and COXII and COXIV were down-regulated. The mRNA for hsp70 remained constant and only the inducible form of the 70-kDa heat shock protein was over expressed. The mRNAs for COXII and COXIV remained constant after 24 h and increased after lo…
A method for measuring mitochondrial mass and activity
2007
Mitochondria, responsible for the energy-generating process essential for the cell metabolism, differ for the number, localization and activity in animal cells and tissues in relation to the energetic needs. Using fluorescent probes specific for mitochondria, Mitotracker Green (MTG) and Orange (MTO), and Confocal Laser-Scanning Microscope (CLSM), we elaborated a method to measure in vivo the mitochondrial mass and activity, in sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus eggs and embryos. The analysis of captured images, revealed a variation of mitochondrial distribution and an increase of activity after fertilization.
The Origin of Isolated Populations of the Mountain Weevil, Liparus glabrirostris—The Flagship Species for Riparian Habitats
2020
AbstractLiparus glabrirostris is one of the largest European weevils, and it has been recently proposed as the flagship species for threatened riparian habitats in the mountains. For effective conservation of its populations (and associated habitats), it is crucial to understand its history, contemporary distribution, genetic diversity and predict changes in the range, including its highly isolated populations on the Baltic coast. Here, we examined numerous populations of L. glabrirostris across almost the entire species range using phylogeography and species niche modeling (SNM) approaches. Analyses of mtDNA and nucDNA markers revealed the existence of 2 major mitochondrial lineages genera…
FERULIC ACID INHIBITS OXIDATE STRESS AND CELL DEATH INDUCED BY Ab OLIGOMERS: IMPROVED DELIVERY BY SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES.
2009
Oxidative stress and dysfunctional mitochondria are among the earliest events in AD, triggering neurodegeneration. The use of natural antioxidants could be a neuroprotective strategy for blocking cell death. Here, the antioxidant action of ferulic acid (FA) on different paths leading to degeneration of recombinant beta-amyloid peptide (rAbeta42) treated cells was investigated. Further, to improve its delivery, a novel drug delivery system (DDS) was used. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), empty or containing ferulic acid (FA-SNL), were developed as DDS. The resulting particles had small colloidal size and highly negative surface charge in water. Using neuroblastoma cells and rAbeta42 oligome…
Miltirone Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in CCRF-CEM Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells
2015
Miltirone (1) is a diterpene quinone extracted from a well-known Chinese traditional herb (Salvia miltiorrhiza). We investigated the cytotoxic effects of miltirone toward sensitive and multidrug-resistant acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Miltirone inhibited multidrug-resistant P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-overexpressing CEM/ADR5000 cells better than drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM wild-type cells, a phenomenon termed collateral sensitivity. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that miltirone induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, miltirone stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption, which in turn induced DNA damage and activation…