Search results for " mr"

showing 10 items of 495 documents

MRI of tarantulas: morphological and perfusion imaging.

2005

This paper describes a study performed to evaluate the feasibility of using a 1.5-T whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment, in combination with pharmacokinetic modeling, to obtain in vivo information about the morphology and perfusion of tarantulas (Eurypelma californicum). MRI was performed on three tarantulas using spin-echo sequences for morphological imaging and a rapid spoiled gradient-echo sequence for dynamic imaging during and after contrast medium (CM; Gd-DTPA) injection. Signal enhancement in dynamic measurements was evaluated with a pharmacokinetic two-compartment model. Spin-echo images showed morphological structures well. Dynamic images were of sufficient qualit…

TarantulaGadolinium DTPAScannermedicine.diagnostic_testbiologybusiness.industryDynamic imagingBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsContrast MediaMagnetic resonance imagingPerfusion scanningbiology.organism_classificationMagnetic Resonance ImagingContrast mediumNuclear magnetic resonanceDynamic contrast-enhanced MRIArachnidamedicineAnimalsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingbusinessPerfusionMagnetic resonance imaging
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Canopy Architecture Appraisal by Fractal Dimension of 'Flordastar' Peach Trees Grafted onto Different Rootstocks

2007

The objective of this research was to evaluate the modification of canopy architecture of ''Flordastar'' peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) grafted onto rootstocks with different vigour, by the use of fractal dimension (D). The hypothesis was that different vigour rootstocks are able to modify the complexity of the branching pattern and that this effect can be assessed by a geometric parameter such as the fractal dimension (D) of the 2D projection of tree branching structure. The observations were carried out in a four-year-old experimental orchard of cv. ''Flordastar'' peach trees grafted onto Ishtara, Barrier, GF677 and MrS 2/5 rootstocks. On digital pictures of leafless, dormant peach tree…

The objective of this research was to evaluate the modification of canopy architecture of ''Flordastar'' peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) grafted onto rootstocks with different vigour by the use of fractal dimension (D). The hypothesis was that different vigour rootstocks are able to modify the complexity of the branching pattern and that this effect can be assessed by a geometric parameter such as the fractal dimension (D) of the 2D projection of tree branching structure. The observations were carried out in a four-year-old experimental orchard of cv. ''Flordastar'' peach trees grafted onto Ishtara Barrier GF677 and MrS 2/5 rootstocks. On digital pictures of leafless dormant peach trees the tree skeleton was manually depicted by an image analysis software to measure total length and angles of insertion of branches. Bitmaps of the skeleton were then subjected to a specific software (FDCALC) able to calculate D by the "box counting" method. To account for the error introduced by analyzing a three dimensional structure with its 2D projection measurements were done on two images per tree taken from two different viewing angles. Results are shown in relation to tree vigour of the scion/stock combination. Fractal dimension was related to the vigour ranking of the graft combinations tested. In particular vigorous scion/stock combinations showed the highest D.HorticultureCanopy architectureHorticultureRootstockFractal dimensionMathematics
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Abdominal splenosis and its differential diagnoses: What the radiologist needs to know

2021

Abstract Splenosis is a benign acquired condition characterized by the presence of heterotopic viable splenic tissue in other organs or within cavities such as peritoneum, retroperitoneum, or thorax after splenic trauma or surgery. Abdominal splenosis is often an incidental finding and computed tomography and magnetic resonance usually allow a confident diagnosis. The typical enhancement that parallels the spleen is a useful hallmark of splenosis. Splenic implants lack contrast uptake in the hepatobiliary phase and show high signal at high b-values on diffusion-weighted images. In some cases splenosis may mimic malignant and benign conditions in the peritoneum as well as in hollow and paren…

Thoraxmedicine.medical_specialtyScintigraphy030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingDiagnosis Differential03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePeritoneumBiopsyAbdomenRadiologistsmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical diagnosismedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imagingSplenosis MRI CTmedicine.anatomical_structure030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSplenic TissueRadiologyDifferential diagnosisbusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaSplenosis
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Resting state FMRI: A tool to investigate functional connectivity modulation induced by transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor network

2016

Introduction: Resting-state functional connectivity (fcMRI) represents a novel fMRI approach that allows detection of temporal correlations in spontaneous BOLD signal oscillations while subjects rest quietly in the scanner. Under resting conditions the brain is engaged in spontaneous activity that causes a low frequencies (<0.1 Hz) BOLD signal fluctuations. Functional connectivity (FC) can be defined as the synchrony of neural activity among spatially distant regions. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that is known to modulate cortical activity and FC among brain regions, as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. This st…

Transcranial direct-current stimulationResting state fMRIComputer sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentFunctional connectivityBiophysicsSettore MED/37 - NeuroradiologiaGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeneral MedicineSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Motor networkfcMRI fMRI BOLD tDCS ICA MRIModulationmedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaNeurosciencePhysica Medica
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Aberrant splicing of the Drosophila melanogaster phenylalanine hydroxylase pre-mRNA caused by the insertion of a B104/roo transposable element in the…

1999

Abstract We report the insertion of the transposable element B104 in the Phenylalanine hydroxylase gene of the Drosophila mutant Henna-recessive 3 . Its presence alters the Phenylalanine hydroxylase splicing pattern, producing at least two aberrant mRNAs which contain part of the B104 sequence interrupting the coding region. This aberrant splicing is provoked by the use of a cryptic donor site encoded by the B104 3′ long terminal repeat in combination with either the gene intron 3 acceptor site or a novel acceptor site generated by the target duplication caused by transposition. One of them, referred as mRNA type 1, encodes a truncated protein that could be predictably non-functional. In mR…

Transposable elementDNA ComplementaryPhenylalanine hydroxylaseMolecular Sequence DataGenes InsectBiologyBiochemistryRNA PrecursorsAnimalsCoding regionAmino Acid SequenceMolecular BiologyGeneBase SequenceIntronPhenylalanine HydroxylaseExonsTryptophan hydroxylaseMolecular biologyAlternative SplicingMutagenesis InsertionalDrosophila melanogasterInsect ScienceRNA splicingDNA Transposable Elementsbiology.proteinPrecursor mRNAInsect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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The relationship between genetic risk variants with brain structure and function in bipolar disorder: A systematic review of genetic-neuroimaging stu…

2017

Genetic-neuroimaging paradigms could provide insights regarding the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Nevertheless, findings have been inconsistent across studies. A systematic review of gene-imaging studies involving individuals with BD was conducted across electronic major databases from inception until January 9th, 2017. Forty-four studies met eligibility criteria (N = 2122 BD participants). Twenty-six gene variants were investigated across candidate gene studies and 4 studies used a genome-wide association approach. Replicated evidence (i.e. in &gt;2 studies) suggests that individuals with BD carrying the BDNF Val66Met risk allele could have reduced hippocampal volumes compared …

Transtorno BipolarCandidate genediffusion tensor imagingvoxel based morphometryBipolar disorderBipolar disorder Genetic polymorphisms Neuroimaging Magnetic resonance imaging Functional MRI Diffusion tensor imagingvoxel based morphometryCognitive NeuroscienceBrain Structure and FunctionGenome-wide association studyNeuroimagingComputational biologyGenetic polymorphismsFaculty of Social Sciences03 medical and health sciencesDISC1Behavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineMagnetic resonance imagingNeuroimaginggenetic polymorphisms/dk/atira/pure/core/keywords/FacultyOfSocialSciencesImatges per ressonància magnèticamedicineHumansManic-depressive illnessANK3Bipolar disorderCervellNeuroimagemDiffusion tensor imagingvoxel based morphometryFunctional MRIGenetic polymorphismneuroimagingTrastorn bipolarbiologyBipolar disorder; Diffusion tensor imagingvoxel based morphometry; Functional MRI; Genetic polymorphisms; Magnetic resonance imaging; Neuroimaging; Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology; Cognitive Neuroscience; Behavioral NeuroscienceReproducibility of ResultsBrainmedicine.disease030227 psychiatryNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychology5-HTTLPRbiology.proteinfunctional MRIImagem por Ressonância MagnéticaPsychologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHumanGenome-Wide Association Study
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Regulation of mRNA transport, localization and translation in the nervous system of mammals (Review).

2014

Post-transcriptional control of mRNA trafficking and metabolism plays a critical role in the actualization and fine tuning of the genetic program of cells, both in development and in differentiated tissues. Cis-acting signals, responsible for post-transcriptional regulation, reside in the RNA message itself, usually in untranslated regions, 5' or 3' to the coding sequence, and are recognized by trans-acting factors: RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and/or non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). ncRNAs bind short mRNA sequences usually present in the 3'-untranslated (3'-UTR) region of their target messages. RBPs recognize specific nucleotide sequences and/or secondary/tertiary structures. Most RBPs assemble on…

Untranslated regionNeurogenesisnon-coding RNAneuronsRNA-binding proteinsRNA-binding proteinBiologyRNA TransportTranscription (biology)Settore BIO/10 - BiochimicaGeneticsProtein biosynthesisAnimalsHumansMRNA transportCoding regionRNA MessengerSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E CitologiaRNA metabolismMammalsGeneticsMessenger RNAsynaptic plasticitynervous systemRNAArticlesGeneral Medicinepost-transcriptional regulation RNA-binding proteins neurons nervous system synaptic plasticity RNA metabolism mRNA pre-localization non-coding RNA.Cell biologyProtein BiosynthesismRNA pre-localizationpost-transcriptional regulation
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CNN-Based Prostate Zonal Segmentation on T2-Weighted MR Images: A Cross-Dataset Study

2020

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among US men. However, prostate imaging is still challenging despite the advances in multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which provides both morphologic and functional information pertaining to the pathological regions. Along with whole prostate gland segmentation, distinguishing between the central gland (CG) and peripheral zone (PZ) can guide toward differential diagnosis, since the frequency and severity of tumors differ in these regions; however, their boundary is often weak and fuzzy. This work presents a preliminary study on deep learning to automatically delineate the CG and PZ, aiming at evaluating the generalization ability o…

Urologic DiseasesComputer scienceContext (language use)32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-Convolutional neural networkDeep convolutional neural networks Prostate zonal segmentation Cross-dataset generalizationProstate cancer46 Information and Computing SciencesProstateDeep convolutional neural networksmedicineAnatomical MRISegmentationProstate zonal segmentation; Prostate cancer; Anatomical MRI; Deep convolutional neural networks; Cross-dataset generalization;3202 Clinical SciencesCancerSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniProstate cancerSettore INF/01 - Informaticamedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryDeep learningINF/01 - INFORMATICAMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionmedicine.disease3211 Oncology and Carcinogenesismedicine.anatomical_structureCross-dataset generalizationProstate zonal segmentationBiomedical ImagingArtificial intelligenceDeep convolutional neural networkbusinessT2 weightedAnatomical MRI; Cross-dataset generalization; Deep convolutional neural networks; Prostate cancer; Prostate zonal segmentation
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P13. Dendato-thalamo-cortical pathways in association with otolith dysfunction

2015

Introduction The processing of otolith information within the human cortex is still poorly understood (Lopez and Blanke, 2011). Two distinct anatomical otolith pathways within the thalamo-cortical vestibular network were proposed in patients with thalamic infarctions who presented with contra- or ipsiversive tilts of the subjective visual vertical (SVV) (Dieterich and Brandt, 1993; Baier et al., submitted for publication). Aim of this study was to investigate the dendato-thalamo-cortical pathways in association with otolith dysfunction by means of DTI (diffusion tensor imaging) based on the regions found in a recent patient study using statistical lesion-behavior mapping (Baier et al., subm…

Vestibular systemPutamenThalamusCaudate nucleusAnatomySensory SystemsPonsmedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyVestibular nucleiPhysiology (medical)Cortex (anatomy)medicineNeurology (clinical)PsychologyNeuroscienceDiffusion MRIClinical Neurophysiology
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Brainstem Anatomy of White Matter Tracts Using Diffusion Weighted Imaging

1998

White mattermedicine.anatomical_structureRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeurology (clinical)AnatomyBrainstembusinessDiffusion MRIRivista di Neuroradiologia
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