Search results for " nutrient"

showing 10 items of 120 documents

Association between Food Insecurity and Sarcopenia among Adults Aged ≥65 Years in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2021

Limited literature has investigated the association between food insecurity and sarcopenia in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between food insecurity and sarcopenia among adults aged ≥65 years in six LMICs. Community-based cross-sectional data of the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health were analyzed. Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of low skeletal muscle mass based on indirect population formula, and either slow gait or low handgrip strength. In the past, 12-month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on frequency of eating less and hunger due to lack of food. Multivariable logistic reg…

MalePopulation030209 endocrinology & metabolismLogistic regressionArticleOddshungersarcopenia03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEnvironmental healthfood insecurityPrevalencemedicineHumansTX341-641030212 general & internal medicinelow- and middle-income countrieseducationDeveloping CountriesPovertyAgedAged 80 and over2. Zero hungereducation.field_of_studyNutrition and DieteticsHigh prevalencebusiness.industryNutrition. Foods and food supplyConfoundingLow-and middle-income countriesdigestive oral and skin physiologyMiddle Agedmedicine.disease3. Good healthFood insecuritybody regionsCross-Sectional Studiesold adults.Low and middle income countriesSmith L. Jacob L. Barnett Y. Butler L. T. Shin J. I. López-Sánchez G. F. Soysal P. Veronese N. Haro J. M. Koyanagi A. -Association between Food Insecurity and Sarcopenia among Adults Aged ≥65 Years in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.- Nutrients cilt.13 2021Sarcopenialow- and middle-income countrieold adultsFemalebusiness[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutritionhuman activitiesFood ScienceNutrients
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Low Protein Intake Is Associated with a Major Reduction in IGF-1, Cancer, and Overall Mortality in the 65 and Younger but Not Older Population

2014

SummaryMice and humans with growth hormone receptor/IGF-1 deficiencies display major reductions in age-related diseases. Because protein restriction reduces GHR-IGF-1 activity, we examined links between protein intake and mortality. Respondents aged 50–65 reporting high protein intake had a 75% increase in overall mortality and a 4-fold increase in cancer death risk during the following 18 years. These associations were either abolished or attenuated if the proteins were plant derived. Conversely, high protein intake was associated with reduced cancer and overall mortality in respondents over 65, but a 5-fold increase in diabetes mortality across all ages. Mouse studies confirmed the effect…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyLow proteinnutrition protein intake caloric restriction nutrientsPhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentLongevityCalorie restrictionBreast NeoplasmsGrowth hormone receptorBiologyArticleMiceLow-protein dietNeoplasmsDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineDiabetes MellitusDiet Protein-RestrictedmedicineAnimalsHumansInsulin-Like Growth Factor IMelanomaMolecular BiologyAgedProportional Hazards ModelsMice KnockoutMice Inbred BALB CIncidence (epidemiology)CancerCell BiologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMiddle ageMice Inbred C57BLCross-Sectional StudiesEndocrinologyFemaleCarrier ProteinsFollow-Up StudiesSignal TransductionCell Metabolism
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How agriculture, connectivity and water management can affect water quality of a mediterranean coastal wetland

2022

The Natural Park of Albufera (Valencia, Spain) is an important Mediterranean coastal wetland that suffers continuous environmental effects from human activities and water uses, mainly related to agriculture and urban/industrial sewage discharges. The aim of this research was to assess the water quality of the different aquatic environments of this wetland, taking into account the connection between them, the agricultural impact and the management of irrigation water. The UE Water Framework Directive was followed in order to evaluate the ecological and trophic status of water systems. Spatial approaches were used to integrate physicochemical data into GIS vector layers to map the more proble…

Mar ContaminacióWater qualitywater quality; agro-ecological wetland; irrigation; nutrients; ecological statusAigües residualsAgriculturaContaminació agrícolaEcological statusAgro-ecological wetlandNutrientsAgronomy and Crop ScienceIrrigation
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Post-fire soil functionality and microbial community structure in a Mediterranean shrubland subjected to experimental drought.

2016

Fire may cause significant alterations in soil properties. Post-fire soil dynamics can vary depending, among other factors, on rainfall patterns. However, little is known regarding variations in response to post-fire drought. This is relevant in arid and semiarid areas with poor soils, like much of the western Mediterranean. Furthermore, climate change projections in such areas anticipate reduced precipitation and longer annual drought periods, together with an increase in fire severity and frequency. This research evaluates the effects of experimental drought after fire on soil dynamics of a Cistus-Erica shrubland (Central Spain). A replicated (n = 4) field experiment was conducted in whic…

Mediterranean climateIrrigationEnvironmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesSettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaGrowing season01 natural sciencesFiresShrublandSoilparasitic diseasesEnvironmental ChemistryPrecipitationEnzyme activityWaste Management and DisposalEcosystemSoil Microbiology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesBiomass (ecology)geographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryBacteriaEcologySoil nutrientMicrobiotafungiFungifood and beverages04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesFireAridPollutionDroughtsAgronomyFatty acid profileSpainSoil water040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesEnvironmental scienceRain-out shelterSoil moistureThe Science of the total environment
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Effects of nutraceuticals of Mediterranean diet on aging and longevity

2020

Abstract Among the many existing dietary interventions, Mediterranean diet has received much attention because of its beneficial influence on healthy aging and longevity. Mediterranean dietary pattern, characterized by low glycemic index and low-animal protein intake, is rich in nutraceuticals and functional foods, and bioactive compounds able to reduce the signaling of molecular pathways, such as nutrient-sensing ones, affecting aging process. Therefore a close adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet allows avoiding cardiovascular disorders and other age-related diseases, and it is responsible for the high rate of long-living individuals scattered throughout the Mediterranean basin. For th…

Mediterranean climateSettore MED/04 - Patologia GeneraleSuccessful agingMediterranean dietmedia_common.quotation_subjectLongevityDietary patternBiologyMediterranean BasinNutraceuticalAMPK Carotenoids EVOO Dietary lipids Nutraceuticals Nutrient-sensing pathways Opuntia Ficus Indica Nrf2 PolyphenolsFood scienceHealthy agingmedia_common
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Simultaneous sludge minimization, biological phosphorous removal and membrane fouling mitigation in a novel plant layout for MBR.

2020

Abstract The integration of one anaerobic reactor in the mainstream (AMSR) of a pre-denitritication-MBR was evaluated with the aim to achieve simultaneous sludge minimization and phosphorous removal. The excess sludge production was reduced by 64% when the AMSR was operated under 8 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT). The highest nutrients removal performances referred to organic carbon (98%), nitrogen (90%) and phosphorous (97%) were obtained under 8 h of HRT. In contrast, prolonged anaerobic-endogenous conditions were found to be detrimental for all nutrients removal performances. Similarly, the lowest membrane fouling tendency (FR = 0.65∙1011 m−1 d−1) was achieved under 8 h of HRT, where…

Membrane foulingEndogenous P-releaseEnvironmental EngineeringHydraulic retention timeNitrogen0208 environmental biotechnologychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesManagement Monitoring Policy and LawMembrane bioreactor01 natural sciencesWaste Disposal FluidNutrientBioreactorsAnaerobic reactorSludge minimization.Waste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleSewageChemistryMembrane foulingMembranes ArtificialPhosphorusGeneral MedicinePulp and paper industryBiological nutrients removalNitrogen020801 environmental engineeringMembrane BioReactorPolyphosphate-accumulating organismsJournal of environmental management
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Use of Different Nutrients to Improve the Fermentation Performances of Lactiplantibacillus pentosus OM13 during the Production of Sevillian Style Gre…

2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate the fermentation performance of the commercial starter Lactiplantibacillus pentosus OM13 with four nutrients (A, B, C, and D) that differed in the following ingredients: starch, sugars, maltodextrin, inactivated yeast, inactivated yeast rich in amino acids, inactivated yeast rich in mannoproteins, and salt (NaCl). For this purpose, six different experimental productions of Nocellara del Belice table olives were carried out. During transformation, the fermentation process was monitored by measuring pH and plate counts for lactic acid bacteria (LAB), yeasts, Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcaceae, and Pseudodomondaceae populations. At the end of the produc…

Microbiology (medical)Virologylactic acid bacteria nutrient start culture table olives volatile organic compoundstable olives; start culture; lactic acid bacteria; nutrient; volatile organic compoundsMicrobiology
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Comparative Chemical Characterisation of Soils at Cypripedium Calceolus Sites in Latvia

2017

Abstract The main aim of the study was to evaluate the soil chemical characteristics of Cypripedium calceolus sites in Latvia for understanding of the species ecology, and its conservation problems and possibilities. Soil for 27 C. calceolus sites in Latvia was analysed during 2007-2015. The concentration of plant available essential nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo, B), soil pH, electrical conductivity and concentration of organic matter were determined. Nutrient concentration of C. calceolus leaf samples from six sites were determined. The results demonstrated high heterogeneity in soil chemical composition with high variation for Ca, Mg, and Mn. The results suggest some …

MultidisciplinaryCypripedium calceolusbiologyphScienceQPlant densitybiology.organism_classificationHorticultureGeographycypripedium calceolushabitatsNature ConservationSoil pHSoil waterResource conservationmineral nutrientsorganic matterProceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.
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Macroalgal responses to ocean acidification depend on nutrient and light levels

2015

Ocean acidification may benefit algae that are able to capitalize on increased carbon availability for photosynthesis, but it is expected to have adverse effects on calcified algae through dissolution. Shifts in dominance between primary producers will have knock-on effects on marine ecosystems and will likely vary regionally, depending on factors such as irradiance (light vs. shade) and nutrient levels (oligotrophic vs. eutrophic). Thus experiments are needed to evaluate interactive effects of combined stressors in the field. In this study, we investigated the physiological responses of macroalgae near a CO2 seep in oligotrophic waters off Vulcano (Italy). The algae were incubated in situ …

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityChlorophyll aFucoxanthininorganicAlkalinityPhotosynthetic efficiency standard errorChlorophyll cNitrogen content per dry mass standard errorLight saturation point standard errorPhenolics allTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedMacroalgaeCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Carbon Nitrogen ratioAragonite saturation stateAlkalinity totalallCarbon per dry massSalinity standard errortotalCarbon content per dry mass standard errorPhenolics all standard errorCO2 ventChromistapHMaximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II standard errorTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedAntioxidant activity standard errorCarbonate ionMaximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem IIPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Field experimentstandard errorNitrogen content per dry massElectron transport rate standard errorFucoxanthin standard errorEarth System ResearchViolaxanthinPhenolicsChlorophyll a standard errorCarbon dioxide standard errorPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateCarbon/Nitrogen ratio standard errorNitrogenOchrophytaPotentiometricper dry masswaterChlorophyll c standard errorBenthosAlkalinity total standard errorAntioxidant activityElectron transport rateLight saturation pointOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMacro-nutrientsMediterranean SeaNitrogen per dry massBicarbonate ionTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Primary production PhotosynthesisSpeciespH standard errorCalcite saturation state standard errorCystoseira compressaCalculated using CO2SYSNon photochemical quenchingCarbon content per dry massCarbonate system computation flagViolaxanthin standard errorPrimary production/PhotosynthesisFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonCarbon/Nitrogen ratioBiomass/Abundance/Elemental compositionTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airAragonite saturation state standard errorCarbon dioxideMacro nutrientsCarbonate ion standard errorSingle speciesFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airPadina pavonicaBiomass Abundance Elemental compositionCoast and continental shelfPhotosynthetic efficiencyBicarbonate ion standard errorNon photochemical quenching standard error
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From clinical description, to in vitro and animal studies, and backward to patients: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Fanconi anemia

2013

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease associated with deficiencies in DNA repair pathways. A body of literature points to a pro-oxidant state in FA patients, along with evidence for oxidative stress (OS) in the FA phenotype reported by in vitro, molecular, and animal studies. A highlight arises from the detection of mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) in FA cell lines of complementation groups A, C, D2, and G. As yet lacking, in vivo studies should focus on FA-associated MDF, which may help in the understanding of the mitochondrial basis of OS detected in cells and body fluids from FA patients. Beyond the in vitro and animal databases, the available analytical devices may prompt the dir…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyDNA RepairFree RadicalsDNA repairmitochondrial nutrientsCell Cycle ProteinsFree radicalsDiseaseBiologymedicine.disease_causeBioinformaticsBiochemistryChemopreventionPathogenesis03 medical and health sciencesMice0302 clinical medicineIn vivoFanconi anemiaPhysiology (medical)medicineAnimalsHumans030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesMitochondrial nutrientNuclear ProteinsFanconi anemia Mitochondrial dysfunction Mitochondrial nutrients Chemoprevention Free radicalsmedicine.diseasePhenotype3. Good healthMitochondriaOxidative StressFanconi Anemia030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFanconi anemiaAnimal studiesReactive Oxygen SpeciesMitochondrial dysfunctionOxidative stress
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