Search results for " ownership"

On the Returns to Invention within Firms: Evidence from Finland

2018

International audience; In this paper we merge individual income data, firm-level data, patenting data, and IQ data in Finland over the period 1988–2012 to analyze the returns to invention for inventors and their coworkers or stakeholders within the same firm. We find that: (i) inventors collect only 8 percent of the total private return from invention; (ii) entrepreneurs get over 44 percent of the total gains; (iii) bluecollar workers get about 26 percent of the gains and the rest goes to white-collar workers. Moreover, entrepreneurs start with significant negative returns prior to the patent application, but their returns subsequently become highly positive.

Psychological ownership and entrepreneurial drive : at the Jyväskylä City Catering Unit

2007

Productivity, Ownership & National Chains: Evidence from the British Retail Sector

2008

This paper investigates whether foreign-owned retailers operating in the British retail sector perform differently than domestic-owned firms with diverse national presence. Using simultaneous quantile regression techniques we test for any sign of performance gaps. The findings suggest that foreign ownership turns out to be a weak explanatory factor of differences in performance across retailers. Only when firms in the upper quantiles of TFP are compared, the role of foreign ownership gains statistical significance, although with exceptions. On the other hand, firms able to expand their infrastructure across Great Britain possess a productivity advantage over more local retailers. This impli…

Leisure‐time physical activity and participation in organized sports: Changes from 1985 to 2014 in Finland and Norway

2019

Participation in organized sports is a popular and important part of the lives of children and adolescents and is associated with improved psychological and social health, as well as an increased likelihood of meeting physical activity (PA) recommendations. Changes in modern society, including increased car ownership and use of technology and electronic media, have led to an additional focus on the importance of health‐enhancing PA among children and adolescents. The aim of this article was to study the secular changes in self‐reports of participation in organized sports clubs and leisure‐time vigorous physical activity (LVPA), and whether the relationship between participation in organized…

Global Mortality From Firearms, 1990-2016

2018

IMPORTANCE: Understanding global variation in firearm mortality rates could guide prevention policies and interventions. OBJECTIVE: To estimate mortality due to firearm injury deaths from 1990 to 2016 in 195 countries and territories. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study used deidentified aggregated data including 13 812 location-years of vital registration data to generate estimates of levels and rates of death by age-sex-year-location. The proportion of suicides in which a firearm was the lethal means was combined with an estimate of per capita gun ownership in a revised proxy measure used to evaluate the relationship between availability or access to firearms and firearm injury …

Pet ownership and symptoms of depression: a prospective study of older adults

2020

Abstract Background This paper aims to examine associations between pet ownership and symptoms of depression in a large, population-based sample of older adults. Specifically, we tested whether: (i) people who report more depressive symptoms are more likely to own a pet; (ii) pet ownership protects against an increase in depressive symptoms over time; (iii) associations differ by symptom type. Methods Data were drawn from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a longitudinal panel study of men and women aged 50 and older (n = 7,617, 52.5% female). Pet ownership (dog/cat/other/none) was self-reported in 2010/11. Depressive symptoms were assessed in 2010/11 and 2016/17 using the 8-item cen…

Corporate boards and ownership structure: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

2014

This study examines the relationship between board structure and ownership structure for firms listed on the stock exchanges of twelve Sub-Saharan African countries, using data for the period 2006–2009. We find that ownership concentration, foreign ownership and managerial ownership are negativelyassociated with board size. We also find that government ownership is positively associated with the proportion of outside directors while ownership concentration is negatively associated with the proportion of outside directors. These results emphasize that board and ownership structure are both corporate governance mechanisms that are used as substitutes to one another in reducing agencyproblems.

Massa Fundorum. E' possibile rintracciarla sul terreno?

2018

The work, starting from the studies on the late ancient massa fundorum, examines the possibility of tracing the organization of this kind of estate on the ground. Two cases of study are dealt with, the first in the territory of Himera and the second in the territory of Palma di Montechiaro (AG), where systematic archaeological surveys have been conducted.

Foreign-owned firms around the world: A comparative analysis of wages and employment at the micro-level

2013

Abstract This paper provides the first microeconomic cross-country analysis of the effects of foreign ownership on wages, employment and worker turnover rates. Using firm-level and linked worker-firm data, we apply a standardised methodology for three developed (Germany, Portugal, UK) and two emerging economies (Brazil, Indonesia). We find that wage effects are larger in developing countries, and that for each country the largest effect on wages comes from workers who move from domestic to foreign firms. Employment growth after foreign takeover is concentrated in high-skill jobs. In contrast to widespread fears, there is no evidence that wage gains come at the expense of greater job insecur…

Ilgtspējīgs izglītības atbalsts Kenijā: gadījumu izpēte par vietējo pašnoteikšanos starptautiskās attīstības palīdzības programmas ietvaros

2021

1966. gadā ANO Starptautiskā sociālā pakta (ICESCR) 13. un 14. pantā izglītība tika atzīta par vienu no cilvēktiesībām. Lai nodrošinātu šīs cilvēktiesības ikvienam, NVO izglītības jomā strādā, sniedzot atbalstu valstīm, kuras cīnās par kvalitatīvas izglītības mērķa sasniegšanu. Pretojoties arvien bezprincipiālākajai izglītības attīstības palīdzībai, kas pašlaik pieaug visā Eiropā, Nīderlandes NVO Teachers4Teachers strādā, lai īstenotu "varas maiņu", kad vietējie kenijieši pārņem Nīderlandes brīvprātīgo lomu izglītības attīstības palīdzības ietvaros. Izmantojot pieaugušo izglītības, psiholoģiskās pašnoteikšanās un atbildības teorijas, šajā pētījumā sniegti padomi, kā nodrošināt, lai šī pārma…