Search results for " progress"
showing 10 items of 1287 documents
Growth differentiation factor 15 as a radiation-induced marker in oral carcinoma increasing radiation resistance.
2015
Background Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is involved in tumor pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study was an investigation of the potential influence of GDF15 on radioresistance of OSCC cells in vitro. Methods Oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were irradiated with 0, 2, or 6 Gy, and GDF15 expression in the supernatant per survived cell colony was examined with ELISA. Non-irradiated and OSCC cell lines irradiated with 6 Gy were evaluated for GDF15 expression using immunofluorescent staining. For further investigation of GDF15 effects on radioresistance, a GDF15 knockdown model in a human OSCC cell line was established, and apoptotic activit…
Targeting the chromosomal passenger complex subunit INCENP induces polyploidization, apoptosis and senescence in neuroblastoma
2019
Abstract Chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) has been demonstrated to be a potential target of cancer therapy by inhibiting Aurora B or survivin in different types of cancer including neuroblastoma. However, chemical inhibition of either Aurora B or survivin does not target CPC specifically due to off-target effects or CPC-independent activities of these two components. In a previous chromatin-focused siRNA screen, we found that neuroblastoma cells were particularly vulnerable to loss of INCENP, a gene encoding a key scaffolding component of the CPC. In this study, INCENP was highly expressed by neuroblastoma cells, and its expression decreased following retinoic acid–induced neuroblastoma …
Reduced Breast Tumor Growth after Immunization with a Tumor-Restricted MUC1 Glycopeptide Conjugated to Tetanus Toxoid.
2018
Abstract Preventive vaccination against tumor-associated endogenous antigens is considered to be an attractive strategy for the induction of a curative immune response concomitant with a long-lasting immunologic memory. The mucin MUC1 is a promising tumor antigen, as its tumor-associated form differs from the glycoprotein form expressed on healthy cells. Due to aberrant glycosylation in tumor cells, the specific peptide epitopes in its backbone are accessible and can be bound by antibodies induced by vaccination. Breast cancer patients develop per se only low levels of T cells and antibodies recognizing tumor-associated MUC1, and clinical trials with tumor-associated MUC1 yielded unsatisfac…
Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy
2020
© 2020 by the authors.
Potential of induced metabolic bioluminescence imaging to uncover metabolic effects of antiangiogenic therapy in tumors
2016
Tumor heterogeneity at the genetic level has been illustrated by a multitude of studies on the genomics of cancer, but whether tumors can be heterogeneous at the metabolic level is an issue which has been less systematically investigated so far. A burning related question is whether the metabolic features of tumors can change either following natural tumor progression (i.e. in primary tumors versus metastasis) or therapeutic interventions. In this regard, recent findings by independent teams indicate that anti-angiogenic drugs cause metabolic perturbations in tumors as well as metabolic adaptations associated with increased malignancy. Induced metabolic bioluminescence imaging (imBI) is an …
Cytokeratins in the Histological Diagnosis of Malignant Tumors
1994
Cytokeratins, which comprise a multigene family of 20 related polypeptides (CKs 1–20), are constituents of the intermediate filaments of epithelial cells, in which they are expressed in various combinations depending on the epithelial type and the degree of differentiation. Of these, CK 19 (400 amino acids; 44.1 kilodaltons) is an example of a widely distributed CK, being expressed in various epithelia, including many simple epithelia. In contrast, the recently identified CK 20 (424 amino acids; 48.6 kilodaltons) is essentially confined to gastrointestinal epithelia, the urothelium and Merkel cells. The differential expression of individual CKs in various types of carcinomas makes them use…
LC3-Associated Phagocytosis (LAP): A Potentially Influential Mediator of Efferocytosis-Related Tumor Progression and Aggressiveness
2020
One aim of cancer therapies is to induce apoptosis of tumor cells. Efficient removal of the apoptotic cells requires coordinated efforts between the processes of efferocytosis and LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP). However, this activity has also been shown to produce anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive signals that can be utilized by live tumor cells to evade immune defense mechanisms, resulting in tumor progression and aggressiveness. In the absence of LAP, mice exhibit suppressed tumor growth during efferocytosis, while LAP-sufficient mice show enhanced tumor progression. Little is known about how LAP or its regulators directly affect efferocytosis, tumor growth and treatment respons…
Cancer-associated fibroblasts as abettors of tumor progression at the crossroads of EMT and therapy resistance
2019
Abstract In the last decades, the role of the microenvironment in tumor progression and therapeutic outcome has gained increasing attention. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have emerged as key players among stromal cells, owing to their abundance in most solid tumors and their diverse tumor-restraining/promoting roles. The interplay between tumor cells and neighboring CAFs takes place by both paracrine signals (cytokines, exosomes and metabolites) or by the multifaceted functions of the surrounding extracellular matrix. Here, we dissect the most recent identified mechanisms underlying CAF-mediated control of tumor progression and therapy resistance, which include induction of the epith…
Differential distribution and enrichment of non-coding RNAs in exosomes from normal and Cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer.
2018
Exosome production from cancer-associated fibroblasts seems to be an important driver of tumor progression. We report the first in-depth biotype characterization of ncRNAs, analyzed by Next Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics, expressed in established primary human normal and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from cancer and normal mucosa tissues from 9 colorectal cancer patients, and/or packaged in their derived exosomes. Differential representation and enrichment analyses based on these ncRNAs revealed a significant number of differences between the ncRNA content of exosomes and the expression patterns of the normal and cancer-associated fibroblast cells. ncRNA regulatory elements…
Impact des facteurs nutritionnels pendant et après cancer
2021
Nutritional factors (diet, weight, alcohol, physical activity) are identified as factors having an impact on the onset of several cancer sites. Less abundant scientific data also underline their impact on the tumor progression. A review of the scientific literature was carried out by a group of experts established by the French National Cancer Institute (INCa) to better document the influence of nutritional factors during and after cancer on outcomes such as overall mortality, cancer specific mortality, recurrence, second primary cancers and quality of life. This analysis of the literature completes messages of reduction of alcohol consumption, prevention of undernutrition or excess weight …