Search results for " radiotherapy"

showing 10 items of 156 documents

Phantom development for daily checks in electron intraoperative radiotherapy with a mobile linac.

2020

Abstract Purpose IORT with mobile linear accelerators is a well-established modality where the dose rate and, therefore, the dose per pulse are very high. The constancy of the dosimetric parameters of the accelerator has to be checked daily. The aim of this work is to develop a phantom with embedded detectors to improve both accuracy and efficiency in the daily test of an IORT linac at the surgery room. Methods The developed phantom is manufactured with transparent polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), allocating 6 parallel-plate chambers: a central one to evaluate the on-axis beam output, another on-axis one placed at a fixed depth under the previous one to evaluate the energy constancy and four…

Intraoperative radiotherapyMaterials scienceFlatness (systems theory)BiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronsLinear particle acceleratorImaging phantom030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsDosimetryIonizationDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiometrybusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingDetectorRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineQuality assurance030220 oncology & carcinogenesisParticle AcceleratorsbusinessQuality assuranceBeam (structure)Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
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The impact of conventional and heavy ion irradiation on tumor cell migration in vitro.

2007

The influence of X-ray and (12)C heavy ion irradiation on tumor cell migration and of beta(3) and beta(1) integrin expression was investigated.Two different tumor cell lines (U87 glioma and HCT116 colon carcinoma cells) were irradiated with 1, 3, or 10 Gy X-rays or (12)C heavy ions. 24 h after irradiation a standardized Boyden Chamber assay for migration analysis was performed and cells were lysed for Western blotting.Radiation-induced influences were cell line- and radiation type-dependent. X-rays decreased HCT116 migration at higher doses and appear to increase U87 migration after 3 Gy. Heavy ions decreased migration of both cell lines dose-dependently. A trend of increased beta(3) and be…

LysisHeavy Ion RadiotherapyCell MovementGliomaCell Line TumorNeoplasmsmedicineTumor Cell MigrationHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIrradiationNeoplasm MetastasisneoplasmsRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyChemistryIntegrin beta1RadiochemistryIntegrin beta3Dose-Response Relationship RadiationGliomaHeavy Ion Radiotherapymedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyIn vitroDose–response relationshipCell cultureColonic NeoplasmsInternational journal of radiation biology
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Risk factors for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and mortality among solid cancer patients and impact of the disease on anticancer treat…

2020

Background Cancer patients are thought to have an increased risk of developing severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and of dying from the disease. In this work, predictive factors for COVID-19 severity and mortality in cancer patients were investigated. Patients and Methods In this large nationwide retro-prospective cohort study, we collected data on patients with solid tumours and COVID-19 diagnosed between March 1 and June 11, 2020. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality and COVID-19 severity, defined as admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and/or mechanical ventilation and/or death, was one of the secondary endpoints. Results From April 4 to June 11, 2020, 1289…

Male0301 basic medicineCancer Researchmedicine.medical_treatmentDiseaselaw.inventionCohort Studies0302 clinical medicineMechanical ventilationRisk FactorslawNeoplasmsMedicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyOriginal ResearchCancerIntensive care unit3. Good healthDeathOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleFranceImmunotherapyCohort studymedicine.medical_specialtychemotherapy. radiotherapyAntineoplastic Agents[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineHumansChemotherapyIntensive care unitMortalityPandemicsAgedRetrospective StudiesChemotherapyRadiotherapySARS-CoV-2business.industryCancerCOVID-19Retrospective cohort studyOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseAged; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use; COVID-19/mortality; Cohort Studies; Female; France/epidemiology; Humans; Male; Neoplasms/mortality; Neoplasms/therapy; Neoplasms/virology; Pandemics; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification; COVID-19; Cancer; Chemotherapy; Death; Immunotherapy; Intensive care unit; Mechanical ventilation; Mortality; Radiotherapy030104 developmental biologybusiness
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Tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes expressing FoxP3, CCR7 or PD-1 predict the outcome of prostate cancer patients subjected to salvage radiotherapy aft…

2016

Tumor immunologic microenvironment is strongly involved in tumor progression and the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) with different phenotypes has been demonstrated to be of prognostic relevance in different malignancies. We investigated whether TIL infiltration of tumor tissues could also predict the outcome of prostate cancer patients. To this end, we carried out a retrospective analysis correlating the outcome of locally advanced prostate cancer patients undergone salvage radiotherapy upon relapse after radical surgery with the infiltration by different TIL populations. Twenty-two patients with resectable prostate cancer, with a mean age of 67 (+/−3.93) years, who receiv…

Male0301 basic medicineOncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_treatmentProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorChemokyne Receptor 7Prostate cancer0302 clinical medicineRecurrencePD-1Tumor MicroenvironmentForkhead Transcription Factorshemic and immune systemsprostate cancerPrimary tumorChemokyne Receptor 7; disease-free survival; FoxP3; overall survival; PD-1; prognosis; prostate cancer; radiotherapy; T regulators lymphocytes; tumor infiltrating lymphocytesOncologytumor infiltrating lymphocytes030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMolecular MedicineprognosiResearch PaperReceptors CCR7medicine.medical_specialtydisease-free survivaloverall survivalchemical and pharmacologic phenomena03 medical and health sciencesLymphocytes Tumor-InfiltratingMedian follow-upFoxP3Internal medicineChemokyne Receptor 7; disease-free survival; FoxP3; overall survival; PD-1; prognosis; prostate cancer; radiotherapy; T regulators lymphocytes; tumor infiltrating lymphocytes; Molecular Medicine; Oncology; Pharmacology; Cancer ResearchT regulators lymphocytesmedicineHumansProgression-free survivalRadical surgeryradiotherapyAgedSalvage TherapyPharmacologybusiness.industryTumor-infiltrating lymphocytesProstatic Neoplasmsmedicine.diseaseRadiation therapyT regulators lymphocyte030104 developmental biologyTumor progressionprognosistumor infiltrating lymphocytebusinessCancer Biology & Therapy
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Early Impact of Pulmonary Fractionated Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy on Quality of Life:Benefit for Patients With Low Initial Scores (STRIPE Trial)

2019

Abstract Introduction Quality of life (QoL) of comorbid patients with pulmonary malignancies is a key issue in considering fractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) indication. This study investigates the early impact of SBRT on QoL. Methods One hundred patients with pulmonary lesions were treated with SBRT from February 2011 to December 2014 within the prospective, monocenter, phase II STRIPE trial. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core module (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the QLQ-LC13 lung cancer-specific questionnaire were used to evaluate QoL before, 2 and 7 weeks after SBRT, then every 3 months for 2 years. We report on the ana…

Male0301 basic medicinePulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyLung NeoplasmsHealth StatusRadiosurgeryEmotional function03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineQuality of lifeSurveys and QuestionnairesInternal medicinemedicineHumansProspective StudiesAgedLungbusiness.industryCancerPrognosismedicine.diseasehumanitiesKarnofsky index030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCharlson comorbidity indexQuality of LifeFemaleDose Fractionation RadiationbusinessStereotactic body radiotherapyFollow-Up StudiesJournal of Thoracic Oncology
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The 2017 Assisi Think Tank Meeting on rectal cancer: A positioning paper

2019

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSES: To describe current practice in the management of rectal cancer, to identify uncertainties that usually arise in the multidisciplinary team (MDT)'s discussions ('grey zones') and propose next generation studies which may provide answers to them. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire on the areas of controversy in managing T2, T3 and T4 rectal cancer was drawn up and distributed to the Rectal-Assisi Think Tank Meeting (ATTM) Expert European Board. Less than 70% agreement on a treatment option was indicated as uncertainty and selected as a 'grey zone'. Topics with large disagreement were selected by the task force group for discussion at the Rectal-ATTM. RESULTS: The…

MaleBest practice guidelinesColorectal cancermedicine.medical_treatmentSettore MED/18 - CHIRURGIA GENERALEMedical Oncology030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCOLORECTAL-CANCER0302 clinical medicineADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPYRectal cancerNeoadjuvant therapyRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicSettore MED/36 - DIAGNOSTICA PER IMMAGINI E RADIOTERAPIARadiology Nuclear Medicine & Medical ImagingChemoradiotherapyCytoreduction Surgical ProceduresHematologyMiddle AgedOPEN-LABELTotal mesorectal excisionNeoadjuvant TherapyOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleLife Sciences & Biomedicinemedicine.medical_specialtyOrgan preservationLOCAL RECURRENCEAreas of uncertaintiesCOURSE PREOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPYAreas of uncertainties; Best practice guidelines; Colorectal cancer; Organ preservation; Personalized medicine;03 medical and health sciencesLow rectal cancerRADIATION-THERAPYmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical physicsEXTRAMURAL VASCULAR INVASIONNeoplasm StagingScience & TechnologyRectal Neoplasmsbusiness.industryTask forceAreas of uncertainties; Best practice guidelines; Colorectal cancer; Organ preservation; Personalized medicineTOTAL MESORECTAL EXCISIONRANDOMIZED PHASE-IIINEOADJUVANT CHEMORADIOTHERAPYmedicine.diseaseColorectal cancerPersonalized medicineClinical trialRadiation therapyPersonalized medicinebusiness
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Optimal local control and tolerability of three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy in prostate cancer: A single institutional experience of dose…

2013

Aims To evaluate long-term late side effects, clinical and biochemical relapse in non-metastatic prostate cancer patients treated with dose escalation, from 74 to 78 Gy, by means of three dimensional conformal radiation therapy. Materials and Methods Clinical data of 125 patients with prostate cancer who underwent three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy were retrospectively evaluated. All patients were stratified, according to the NCCN classification, in low, intermediate and high risk, and all of them showed histologically proven adenocarcinoma stage T1–T3 with at least 2 years of follow-up. Late toxicity was analyzed using a modified Radiation Therapy Oncology Group toxicity scale. …

MaleCancer ResearchThree dimensional conformal radiation therapyUrinary BladderUrogenital SystemKaplan-Meier EstimateAdenocarcinomaDisease-Free SurvivalBiomarkers Tumor80 and overHumansLate toxicity; Local control; Prostate cancer; Radiation therapy; Three dimensional conformal radiation therapy; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Biomarkers Tumor; Disease-Free Survival; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Italy; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radiation Injuries; Radiotherapy Dosage; Radiotherapy Conformal; Rectum; Retrospective Studies; Urinary Bladder; Urogenital System; Medicine (all); Oncology; Cancer ResearchRadiation InjuriesAgedNeoplasm StagingRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overProstate cancerTumorRadiotherapyConformalMedicine (all)RectumProstatic NeoplasmsRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedProstate-Specific AntigenRadiation therapyGastrointestinal TractItalyOncologyLocal controlRadiotherapy ConformalLate toxicityBiomarkers
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Sequential boost in neoadjuvant irradiation for T3N0-1 rectal cancer: long-term results from a single-center experience.

2016

Purpose To evaluate the influence of radiation dose on tumor regression grade (TRG) and sphincter preservation rate in a series of cT3N0-1 rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CT-RT) with or without a sequential radiation boost. Materials and methods Between May 2002 and September 2013, 116 cases were eligible for retrospective evaluation. Radiotherapy was delivered for a total dose of 45 Gy (no boost arm) or 50.4 Gy (boost arm). TRG was evaluated with the Dworak scale. Results Median follow-up was 62 months (range, 12-138 months). The 5-year overall survival and local control rates were 72% and 93%, respectively. Fifty-five patients (47%) were treated with a s…

MaleCancer ResearchTime FactorsTumor downsizingColorectal cancermedicine.medical_treatmentAnal CanalKaplan-Meier EstimateSingle Center030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0302 clinical medicineAdjuvantNeoadjuvant therapyDigestive System Surgical ProceduresTumor Regression GradeIleostomyMedicine (all)Colorectal cancer; Radiation therapy; Tumor downsizing; Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Anal Canal; Antineoplastic Agents; Capecitabine; Chemoradiotherapy; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Female; Fluorouracil; Follow-Up Studies; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Ileostomy; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Middle Aged; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Neoplasm Staging; Organ Sparing Treatments; Radiotherapy Dosage; Radiotherapy Adjuvant; Rectal Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Urogenital System; Medicine (all); Oncology; Cancer ResearchRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineChemoradiotherapyMiddle AgedNeoadjuvant TherapyRadiation therapyTreatment OutcomeOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleRadiologyFluorouracilmedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyUrogenital SystemAntineoplastic AgentsAdenocarcinomaCapecitabine03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumansCapecitabineAgedNeoplasm StagingRetrospective StudiesRadiotherapybusiness.industryRectal Neoplasmsmedicine.diseaseColorectal cancerRadiation therapyGastrointestinal TractConcomitantRadiotherapy AdjuvantbusinessOrgan Sparing TreatmentsChemoradiotherapyFollow-Up StudiesTumori
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Postoperative Radiation Therapy in Patients with Extracranial Chondrosarcoma: A Joint Study of the French Sarcoma Group and Rare Cancer Network

2020

International audience; PurposePostoperative radiation therapy (poRT) of intracranial/skull base chondrosarcomas (CHSs) is standard treatment. However, consensus is lacking for poRT in extracranial CHS (eCHS) owing to their easier resectability and intrinsic radioresistance. We assessed the practice and efficacy of poRT in eCHS.Methods and MaterialsThis multicentric retrospective study of the French Sarcoma Group/Rare Cancer Network included patients with eCHS who were operated on between 1985 and 2015. Inverse propensity score weighting (IPTW) was used to minimize poRT allocation biases.ResultsOf 182 patients, 60.4% had bone and 39.6% had soft-tissue eCHS. eCHS were of conventional (31.9%)…

MaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyChondrosarcomaBone Neoplasmsmesenchymalbonesurvivalddc:616.0757030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingsurgery03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePort (medical)adjuvantmedicinepostoperativeHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPostoperative PeriodradiotherapyRetrospective Studies[PHYS]Physics [physics]Radiationbusiness.industryadjuvant; bone; chondrosarcoma; mesenchymal; myxoid; postoperative; radioresistance; radiotherapy; soft tissue; surgery; survivalStandard treatmentIncidence (epidemiology)Hazard ratioRetrospective cohort studyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisConfidence interval3. Good healthradioresistanceTreatment OutcomeOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleRadiologySarcomaFranceChondrosarcomasoft tissuebusinessmyxoid
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The outcome of Wilms' tumor in infants. Italy 1970-79.

1982

Thirty-four infants under 1 year of age with Wilms’ tumor were diagnosed and treated in 14 Italian pediatric oncology units during 1970-79. The 3-year survival rates decreased with higher group unilateral tumors: 95% in group I Wilms’ tumor, 75% in group II and 20% in group III. The survival rates for children with group I and II Wilms’ tumor were similar for those who were treated with surgery and chemotherapy and those who also received postoperative radiotherapy. During 1975-79 fewer patients with group I Wilms’ tumor received radiotherapy (1 of 11) than during 1970-74 (4 of 6, p < 0.05). All these children are alive at this writing.

MaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentGroup iiPostoperative radiotherapyWilms TumormedicinePediatric oncologyHumansRetrospective StudiesChemotherapybusiness.industryInfant NewbornInfantWilms' tumorRetrospective cohort studyGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseInfant newbornKidney NeoplasmsSurgeryRadiation therapyOncologyItalyFemalebusiness
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