Search results for " reactivity"

Measuring Public Speaking Anxiety: Self-report, behavioral, and physiological

2021

Self-reports are typically used to assess public speaking anxiety. In this study, we examined whether self-report, observer report, and behavioral and physiological reactivity were associated with each other during a speech challenge task. A total of 95 university students completed a self-report measure of public speaking anxiety before and after the speech challenge. Speech duration (i.e., behavioral measure), physiological reactivity, as well as speech performance evaluated by the participants and observers were also recorded. The results suggest that self-reported public speaking anxiety predicts speech duration, as well as speech quality, as rated by the participants themselves and ob…

Molecular Electron Density Theory: A Modern View of Reactivity in Organic Chemistry

2016

A new theory for the study of the reactivity in Organic Chemistry, named Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT), is proposed herein. MEDT is based on the idea that while the electron density distribution at the ground state is responsible for physical and chemical molecular properties, as proposed by the Density Functional Theory (DFT), the capability for changes in electron density is responsible for molecular reactivity. Within MEDT, the reactivity in Organic Chemistry is studied through a rigorous quantum chemical analysis of the changes of the electron density as well as the energies associated with these changes along the reaction path in order to understand experimental outcomes. St…

Catalytic effect of Ca and K on CO2 gasification of spruce wood char

2015

Abstract Gasification is one route to produce chemicals and liquid fuels from biomass. The gasification of the char is catalyzed by alkali and alkaline earth metals in the biomass. In this work the catalytic effect of calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) on CO2 gasification of spruce wood was studied using a thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA). The ash-forming elements were first removed from the wood using an acid leaching method. Then, various concentrations of K and Ca were absorbed to the wood by ion-exchange to carboxylic and phenolic groups, impregnation of K2CO3 or physically mixing of CaC2O4. The prepared spruce samples were placed in a mesh holder and gasified in the TGA at 850 °C in 100% …

The new era of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles

2009

The synthesis, the chemical and photochemical reactivity, and the use of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles in materials and as bioactive compounds have been reviewed. The material in this survey includes some historical background, general features, state-of-the-art applications together with a critical discussion about current limitations and suggestions for future developments.

Reversible graft versus host reaction as cause of erythrophagic splenomegaly in a child?

1977

The case history of a 9 months old infant with hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopnaenia and disturbances of clotting and cellular immune reactivity is reported. The spleen was removed and showed striking erythrophagocytosis by proliferating histiocytes, typical of "familial erythrophagocytic reticulosis" (Farquhar). A graft-versus-host reaction is discussed as a possible underlying cause. The favourable clinical course and full recovery point to an interrelation with primary hypersplenism.

Ambident electrophilicity of 4‐nitrobenzochalcogenadiazoles: Kinetic studies and structure‐reactivity relationships

2020

Effect of pistachio on brachial artery diameter and flow-mediated dilatation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled-feeding…

2017

Background: Results of previous clinical trials evaluating the effect of pistachio supplementation on endothelial reactivity (ER) are controversial. Aims: We aimed to assess the impact of pistachio on ER through systematic review of literature and meta-analysis of available randomized, controlled-feeding clinical studies (RCTs). Methods: The literature search included SCOPUS, PubMed-Medline, ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar databases up to 1st August 2017 to identify RCTs investigating the impact of pistachio on ER. Two independent reviewers extracted data on study characteristics, methods and outcomes. Overall, the impact of pistachio on ER was reported in 4 trials. Results: The meta-…

The Role of Personal Biological Resource in the Job Demands-Control-Support Model: Evidence From Stress Reactivity.

2021

Job resources can buffer the deleterious effect of adverse work environments. Extant studies on the interaction pattern between job resources and adverse environments were confined to the diathesis stress model. This traditional perspective has received the challenge from the differential susceptibility model and the vantage sensitivity model. Additionally, stress reactivity may be one of the important job resources at the personal biological level, but its moderating role was short of empirical research. This study aimed to examine how stress reactivity interacts with work environments in predicting job burnouts among 341 Chinese hospital female nurses. This study selected job control and …

Alcohol preference, behavioural reactivity and cognitive functioning in female rats exposed to a three-bottle choice paradigm.

2012

Alcohol abuse is a substantial and growing health problem in Western societies. In the last years in vivo and in vitro studies have suggested that males and females display a different alcohol drinking behaviour, with swingeing differences not only in the propensity for alcohol use but also in the metabolic and behavioural consequences. In this study we investigated, in adult female rats, ethanol self-administration and preference pattern using a 3-bottle paradigm with water, 10% ethanol solution, and white wine (10%, v/v), along a four-week period. The influence of alcohol free-access on explorative behaviour in the open field (OF), and on spatial learning and reference memory in the Morri…

Comparison of ammoniated and nonammoniated extracts in children with latex allergy

2003

Background:  The use of ammoniated or nonammoniated latex extracts for the diagnosis of latex allergy is still a matter of debate. The aim of our study was to compare the characteristics of the two types of extracts by immunoblotting and RAST techniques in children with ascertained latex allergy. Methods:  Ammoniated (AL) and nonammoniated latex (NAL) extracts were prepared and blotted on SDS-PAGE to resolve their components. Also a solid phase for RAST assays was prepared with the two extracts. The sera from 18 children (mean age 11.4 years, range 6–15 years), with ascertained latex allergy (clinical history, skin test, CAP-RAST and provocation) were used for the experiments. Results:  The…