Search results for " social sciences"
showing 10 items of 37411 documents
The consequences of supply gaps in two‐dimensional policy spaces for voter turnout and political support: The case of economically left‐wing and cult…
2019
Parties with left-wing positions on economic issues and right-wing (i.e., authoritarian) positions on cultural issues have been historically largely absent from the supply side of the policy space of Western European democracies. Yet, many citizens hold such left-authoritarian issue attitudes. This article addresses the hypotheses that left-authoritarian citizens are less likely to vote, less satisfied with the democratic process and have lower levels of political trust when there is a left-authoritarian supply gap. Using data for 14 Western European countries from the European Social Survey 2008 in the main analysis, it is shown that left-authoritarians are less likely to vote and exhibit …
Automatic Integration of Spatial Data into the Semantic Web
2017
International audience
BDI Modelling and Simulation of Human Behaviours in Bushfires
2016
Each summer in Australia, bushfires burn many hectares of forest, causing deaths, injuries, and destruction of property. Emergency management strategies rely on expected citizens’ behaviour which differs from reality. In order to raise their awareness about the real population behaviour, we want to provide them with a realistic agent-based simulation. The philosophically-grounded BDI architecture provides a very suitable approach but is little used due to the lack of adapted tools. This paper uses this case study to illustrate two new tools to fill this gap: the Tactics Development Framework (TDF) and GAMA BDI architecture.
Towards a Bangsamoro in Mindanao?
2017
Mindanao was already settled by Muslims when the Spanish colonization began. Today, the western part of the island and the Sulu archipelago are territories with a majority Muslim population, whereas the rest of the Philippines is predominantly Christian. Since the sixteenth century, the “Moros” of Mindanao have fought outsiders, Spaniards first, then the Americans, and throughout history the other Filipinos. The settlement migration policy of the Philippine government in the middle of the twentieth century has transformed the human landscape of the central and eastern parts of Mindanao, now predominantly Christian, and created a major area of commercial plantations. Political opposition to …
Comprehensive defence in Latvia – rebranding state defence and call for society's involvement
2020
Abstract This article explores how comprehensive defence has been introduced in Latvia, and focuses on society's involvement and tasks in the state defence. This approach envisages a significant change in society's relationship with the armed forces and state defence. Differently from many other countries, Latvia maintains its system without introducing conscription and instead puts efforts towards youth education in defence. Additionally, the Ministry of Defence involves different society groups and NGOs in defining their role in state defence. This article also discusses the concepts of resistance and non-collaboration as part of comprehensive defence.
Introduction: Research Interest and Research Questions
2017
This chapter explores the theoretical and empirical puzzles of regionalism in the Global South on the example of the Southern African Development Community (SADC). The SADC is one of the most realistic and promising examples of the new regionalism and shows constant dynamics in a number of policy areas. The main research interest of this much-needed analysis is to explain the emergence, institutional design and performance of regionalism in the SADC from a political science perspective. In order to provide innovative research, the analytical focus is on the role and influence of regional key countries and, particularly, external actors. Moreover, this chapter offers a comprehensive overview…
Backlash against the procedural consensus
2020
While the politics of backlash is typically described as a reaction to policy decisions in favour of minority rights, immigration or globalisation, this essay focuses on the fact that backlash typically also involves a reaction against the procedural consensus liberal democracy is based upon. This challenge to democratic procedures and institutions may be even more dangerous in its effects than the substantial objectives of backlash. I use the composite definition of backlash suggested by Alter and Zürn to assess in how far the attacks on the institutions of liberal democracy have retrograde objectives in themselves or in how far they are merely instrumental to the pursuit of other retrogr…
The “Refugee Crisis,” Immigration Attitudes, and Euroscepticism
2019
Between 2015 and 2017, the European Union (EU) was confronted with a major crisis in its history, the so-called “European refugee crisis.” Since the multifaceted crisis has provoked many different responses, it is also likely to have influenced individuals’ assessments of immigrants and European integration. Using data from three waves of the European Social Survey (ESS) — the wave before the crisis in 2012, the wave at the beginning of the crisis in 2014, and the wave right after the (perceived) height of the crisis in 2016 — we test the degree to which the European refugee crisis increased Europeans’ anti-immigrant sentiment and Euroscepticism, as well as the influence of Europeans’ anti-…
From “Mano Dura” to “Enfrentamiento Directo”: swings of public policies in El Salvador
2019
RESUMEN Introduccion: El presente trabajo analiza las cuatro principales politicas publicas de seguridad contra las pandillas en El Salvador: Mano Dura (2003-2004), Super Mano Dura (2004-2009), Tregua entre pandillas (2012-2014) y Enfrentamiento Directo (2014-2019). El objetivo es identificar la influencia de estas politicas sobre la violencia. Materiales y Metodos: Se trata de una investigacion cualitativa apoyada en 12 entrevistas y el relato de vida con las que se explora la responsabilidad gubernamental frente al problema de la violencia en El Salvador. El trabajo de campo se efectuo durante 7 meses, entre septiembre de 2016 y marzo de 2017. El tratamiento de la informacion se efectuo m…
Zum Stand der Forschung zum Tableteinsatz in Schule und Unterricht aus nationaler und internationaler Sicht
2016
In den sechs Jahren seit Erscheinen des iPads von Apple haben sich viele Schulen weltweit mit Tablets ausgestattet und gestalten damit Unterricht. Die dazu erfolgten wissenschaftlichen Begleitstudien national und international zeigen fast durchweg positive Ergebnisse auf, die u. a. auf gesteigerte Motivation und Aufmerksamkeit, auf verandernden Unterricht sowie auf selbststandigeres Lernen der Schulerinnen und Schuler hinweisen. Methodisch orientieren sich die meisten Studien an Befragungen, nur wenige an Unterrichtsbeobachten. Insgesamt kann von einem Erfolg der Tablets in Schule und Unterricht gesprochen werden, der sich zwar nicht immer in besseren Leistungen, aber haufig in einer verand…