Search results for " thyroid"

Response to 'TH1 and TH2 cytokine control of thyrocyte survival in thyroid autoimmunity'

2001

Mirakian et al. question our recent results, which suggest that thyrocyte survival during thyroid autoimmunity depends on differential effects of TH1 and TH2 cytokines1. Thyrocyte destruction in autoimmune thyroiditis is a slow process that lasts several years. We hypothesized that in thyroid autoimmunity the balance between life and death in thyrocytes depends on the predominance over the time of TH2 and TH1 cytokines, whose action is not restricted to immune cells but involves direct modulation of key molecules responsible for survival or death of target cells1.

Estrogens and Stem Cells in Thyroid Cancer

2014

Recent discoveries highlight the emerging role of estrogens in the initiation and progression of different malignancies through their interaction with stem cell compartment. Estrogens play a relevant role especially for those tumors bearing a gender disparity in incidence and aggressiveness, as occurs for most thyroid diseases. Although several experimental lines suggest that estrogens promote thyroid cell proliferation and invasion, their precise contribution in stem cell compartment still remains unclear. This review underlines the interplay between hormones and thyroid function, which could help to complete the puzzle of gender discrepancy in thyroid malignancies. Defining the associatio…

Neck liymph nodes in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis: the sonographic pattern.

2013

Minimally Invasive Video-Assisted Thyroidectomy: Analysis of Complications From a Systematic Review

2019

Background. Nowadays, minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT) is considered a safe and effective option. However, its complication rate has not been specifically discussed yet. The aim of this systematic review was enrolling a large number of studies to estimate early and late complications (transient and definitive, uni- and bilateral laryngeal nerve palsy; transient and definitive hypocalcemia; cervical hematoma; hypertrophic or keloid scar) of MIVAT compared with conventional technique. Methods. The review was performed according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria in PubMed and Embase. Search terms were “minimally inva…

2021

BACKGROUND Studies investigating a potential association between hypothyroidism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) showed conflicting results and large-scale population-based data from Germany on this topic are currently missing. OBJECTIVE It was the aim of this analysis to investigate the impact of thyroid gland disorders on the prevalence of NAFLD in Germany. METHODS In this case-control study, using the German disease Analyzer database (IQVIA), NAFLD patients were matched to patients without NAFLD by age, sex, index year, treating physician, diabetes mellitus type II, and obesity. The main outcome of the study was an association between thyroid gland disorders (hypothyroidism,…

Thyroïdites : où en est-on en 2019 ?

2020

Thyroiditis is a frequent and mostly benign disease that can sometimes disrupt the thyroid balance. Their diagnosis, as well as their aetiology, is a necessary step in the management of the patients. Painful thyroiditis includes acute thyroiditis of infectious origin and subacute thyroiditis. The first one can be treated by antibiotics or antifungals depending on the germ found. The second one will be treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or corticosteroids. In cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with overt hypothyroidism, replacement therapy with L-thyroxine will be adapted to the TSH level. As amiodarone treatment provides dysthyroidism, the thyroid status should be monitored re…

Development of Histologically Verified Thyroid Diseases in Women Operated for Breast Cancer: A Review of the Literature and a Case Series

2022

Background: The possible relationships between breast and thyroid diseases have been reported in the literature. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the occurrence of histologically verified thyroid pathologies in women who were diagnosed with breast cancer and, after mastectomy/quadrantectomy complemented by oncological treatment, were thyroidectomized based on their periodic thyroid evaluation. Patients and Methods: Our series consist of 31 women with a mean age of 62.9 ± 10.9 years (range, 45–81) treated for breast cancer (18 right-sided, 11 left-sided, and 2 bilateral), of whom 29 were thyroidectomized, since two women who developed Graves’ disease refused thyroi…

Bioassays for TSH Receptor Antibodies: Quo Vadis?

2015

Autoantibodies (Ab) to the TSH receptor (TSHR) are responsible for many of the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease (GD) and are specific biomarkers of this autoimmune thyroid disorder (AITD) [1,2,3]. These Ab can be measured either via competitive-binding immunoassays or with bioassays [4]. Antibody-binding assays only report the presence or absence of TSHR-Ab and their concentrations, but do not indicate their functional activity. Bioassays, in contrast, indicate whether TSHR-Ab have stimulatory or blocking activity [5]. Historically, bioassays for TSHR-Ab were research tools used to study the pathophysiology of GD. Recently, however, there are increasing data that demonstrate the c…

Standardization of a bioassay for thyrotropin receptor stimulating autoantibodies.

2015

Cell-based bioassays for functional thyroid stimulating autoantibodies (TSAb) are sensitive diagnostic tools. However, there is no bioassay available that is standardized with international reference material. We aimed to promote the standardization of the test results among laboratories that perform TSAb bioassays and calibrate TSAb levels against the second international standard (IS) 08/204 from the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC).Serum TSAb activity was measured with a FDA-cleared bioassay that utilizes CHO cells expressing a chimeric thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) and a c-AMP response-element-dependent luciferase. The IS was applied for calibration. TSAb re…

Awake tracheotomy in a patient with stridor and dyspnoea caused by a sizeable malignant thyroid tumor: a case report and short review of the literatu…

2017

Key Clinical Message Individual airway management is mandatory in patients with large goiters undergoing thyroid surgery. Preoperative endoscopic airway evaluation and imaging studies can support clinical decision making. Awake tracheotomy can be an effective and reasonable airway management strategy in such patients.