Search results for "(BMP)"

Upregulation of activin-B and follistatin in pulmonary fibrosis: a translational study using human biopsies and a specific inhibitor in mouse fibrosi…

2014

Background: Activins are members of the TGF-ß superfamily of growth factors. First, we identified by expression array screening that activin-B and follistatin are upregulated in human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Next, we wanted to clarify their specific role in lung fibrosis formation. Methods: We used specific antibodies for activin-A and -B subunits and follistatin to measure and localize their levels in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and control lung biopsies. To inhibit activin signaling, we used soluble activin type IIB receptor fused to the Fc portion of human IgG1 (sActRIIB-Fc) in two different mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis. Results: Activin-B and follistatin mRNA levels…

The Deep-Sea Natural Products, Biogenic Polyphosphate (Bio-PolyP) and Biogenic Silica (Bio-Silica), as Biomimetic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineeri…

2013

Bone defects in human, caused by fractures/nonunions or trauma, gain increasing impact and have become a medical challenge in the present-day aging population. Frequently, those fractures require surgical intervention which ideally relies on autografts or suboptimally on allografts. Therefore, it is pressing and likewise challenging to develop bone substitution materials to heal bone defects. During the differentiation of osteoblasts from their mesenchymal progenitor/stem cells and of osteoclasts from their hemopoietic precursor cells, a lineage-specific release of growth factors and a trans-lineage homeostatic cross-talk via signaling molecules take place. Hence, the major hurdle is to fab…

Capitolo 12 - Interventi per il trattamento delle acque di pioggia

2014

BMP7v induces cancer stem cells differentiation and enhances chemotherapy response in colorectal cancer

2014

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), characterized by high levels of ATP-binding cassette, anti-apoptotic molecules, active DNA-repair and slow replication capacities, surviving to conventional anti-cancer therapies, able to eradicate only the highly proliferating tumor cells, represent the elective target for new therapies. Colorectal CSCs (CR-CSCs) represent a powerful tool for preclinical validation of target therapies. In particular the elucidation of the mechanisms that govern stem cell survival and differentiation appears very essential for the identification of new molecular targets in cancer therapy. Among the molecules that govern these processes there are the Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMP…

Influence of the Oxic-Settling-Anaerobic (OSA) Process on Methane Production by Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge

2023

The present study evaluated different sludge-reduction mechanisms in the oxic-settling-anaerobic (OSA) process in terms of their effects on methane productivity by anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. Two different layouts were investigated for the sludge return from an anaerobic side-stream reactor (ASSR) to the anoxic (scheme A) or the aerobic (scheme B) reactor of a pre-denitrification plant. Biochemical methane-potential (BMP) assays performed on the excess sludge revealed that scheme A promoted an overall increase of methane production in the OSA (20 mLCH4 gVSS−1d−1, +19%), although compared with a control CAS plant a significant decrease in the excess sludge production (3…

Luun morfogeneettisen proteiini 4:n kohdegeenien SKIL ja ID2 vaikutukset rintasyöpäsoluihin

2017

Rintasyöpä on johtava naisten syöpäkuolemien aiheuttaja maailmanlaajuisesti. Luun morfogeneettiset proteiinit (BMP) ovat tranformoiva kasvutekijä beta- superperheeseen kuuluvia proteiineja. BMP:den tiedetään olevan osallisina monissa syöpätyypeissä. Rintasyövässä BMP4:llä on merkittäviä vaikutuksia solukasvuun, liikkuvuuteen ja levinnäisyyteen. Aiempien tutkimusten mukaan BMP4:n on havaittu laskevan solukasvua merkittävästi rintasyöpäsoluilla. Tämän tutkimuksen kohteena oli kaksi BMP4:n kohdegeeniä, ID2 (Inhibitor of DNA binding 2) ja SKIL eli SKI-like proto-onkogeeni. Hypoteesina oli selvittää johtuuko BMP4:n vaikutukset solukasvuun ID2- tai SKIL-geenistä. BT-474 ja T-47D rintasyöpäsoluja …

Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells and Cell Death

2011

Nowadays it is reported that, similarly to other solid tumors, colorectal cancer is sustained by a rare subset of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), which survive conventional anticancer treatments, hanks to efficient mechanisms allowing escape from apoptosis, triggering tumor recurrence. To improve patient outcomes, conventional anticancer therapies have to be replaced with specific approaches targeting CSCs. In this review we provide strong support that BMP4 is an innovative therapeutic approach to prevent colon cancer growth increasing differentiation markers expression and apoptosis. Recent data suggest that in colorectal CSCs, protection from apoptosis is achieved by interleukin-4 (IL-4) a…

Papel de las proteínas BMPs en la regulación de la neurogénesis hipocampal adulta

2022

En determinadas regiones del cerebro de los mamíferos, nuevas neuronas nacen a lo largo de la vida del individuo debido a la existencia de células madre neurales (NSCs). La neurogénesis en el cerebro adulto ocurre en dos zonas determinadas: la zona subventricular (ZSV) de los ventrículos laterales y la zona subgranular (ZSG) del giro dentado del hipocampo. Señales locales, como los ligandos de la familia de las Wnt, regulan la proliferación y diferenciación de las NSCs. Otras señales, como las Proteínas Morfogenéticas de Hueso (BMPs), están implicadas en el mantenimiento de la quiescencia de las NSCs. Sin embargo, los mecanismos moleculares que subyacen a este proceso no están tot…

Primi risultati sul trattamento delle acque meteoriche nella stazione sperimentale di San Giovanni in Persiceto.

2005

Le acque di origine meteorica che si raccolgono sulle superfici delle aree urbanizzate possono contenere numerose sostanze inquinanti, in concentrazioni anche affatto trascurabili. La prima fonte di inquinanti è già individuabile nell’atmosfera dilavata dalle precipitazioni; ulteriori fonti sono costituite dal traffico stradale, dagli impianti di combustione e, infine, dalle superfici delle strade e dei tetti, tanto per il dilavamento dei depositi che su questi si accumulano in tempo secco, quanto per l’erosione dei materiali da cui essi sono costituiti. Negli Stati Uniti ed in alcuni Paesi del Nord Europa, una soluzione sempre più diffusamente applicata al problema dello smaltimento delle …

Growth and differentiation factor 11 (GDF11): Functions in the regulation of erythropoiesis and cardiac regeneration

2015

International audience; Members of the TGF-β superfamily transduce their signals through type I and II receptor serine/threonine kinases. The binding of activins to activin type IIA (ActRIIA) or type IIB (ActRIIB) receptors induces the recruitment and phosphorylation of an activin type I receptor (ALK4 and/or ALK7), which then phosphorylates the Smad2 and Smad3 intracellular signaling proteins. The regulation of members of the TGF-β family is known to be complex, because many proteins able to bind the ligands and inhibit their activities have been identified. Growth and differentiation factor 11 (Gdf11) belongs to the TGF-β family. GDF11, like other members of the TGF-β superfamily, is prod…