Search results for "102"

showing 10 items of 2892 documents

Prediction of cardiovascular events with traditional risk equations and total plaque area of carotid atherosclerosis

2021

Abstract A large number of cardiovascular events occur in seemingly healthy individuals. Atherosclerosis imaging can improve the outcome and treatment regime of such subjects. We aim to assess the predictive value of atherosclerosis imaging beyond traditional risk calculators in subjects aged 40–65 years. We compared PROCAM, SCORE and FRAM with carotid ultrasound (total plaque area, TPA) and arterial age (AA) was calculated in subjects without known cardiovascular diseases. Follow-up was obtained by phone or mail. In 2842 subjects (age 50 ± 8, 38% women) 154 (5.4%) cardiovascular events occurred (ASCVD: 41 myocardial infarctions, 16 strokes or TIA, 21 CABG, 41 PTCA, 35 coronary artery disea…

Carotid atherosclerosismedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testEpidemiologybusiness.industry010102 general mathematicsPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthmedicine.disease01 natural sciencesNet reclassification improvementCoronary artery disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAtherosclerosis imagingInternal medicineAngiographyPlaque areamedicineCardiologycardiovascular diseases030212 general & internal medicine0101 mathematicsbusinessStrokeCohort studyPreventive Medicine
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THE CAUCHY DUAL AND 2-ISOMETRIC LIFTINGS OF CONCAVE OPERATORS

2018

We present some 2-isometric lifting and extension results for Hilbert space concave operators. For a special class of concave operators we study their Cauchy dual operators and discuss conditions under which these operators are subnormal. In particular, the quasinormality of compressions of such operators is studied.

Cauchy dual operatorsubnormal operatorPure mathematics[MATH.MATH-FA]Mathematics [math]/Functional Analysis [math.FA]01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeFOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsconcave operatorMathematics47A05 47A15 47A20 47A63Mathematics::Functional AnalysisMathematics::Operator AlgebrasApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsHilbert spaceCauchy distributionExtension (predicate logic)Special class2-isometric liftingsA-contractionFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Dual (category theory)Mathematics - Functional Analysis010101 applied mathematicssymbolsAnalysis
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Fractional p-Laplacian evolution equations

2016

Abstract In this paper we study the fractional p-Laplacian evolution equation given by u t ( t , x ) = ∫ A 1 | x − y | N + s p | u ( t , y ) − u ( t , x ) | p − 2 ( u ( t , y ) − u ( t , x ) ) d y for  x ∈ Ω ,  t > 0 , 0 s 1 , p ≥ 1 . In a bounded domain Ω we deal with the Dirichlet problem by taking A = R N and u = 0 in R N ∖ Ω , and the Neumann problem by taking A = Ω . We include here the limit case p = 1 that has the extra difficulty of giving a meaning to u ( y ) − u ( x ) | u ( y ) − u ( x ) | when u ( y ) = u ( x ) . We also consider the Cauchy problem in the whole R N by taking A = Ω = R N . We find existence and uniqueness of strong solutions for each of the above mentioned problem…

Cauchy problemDirichlet problemApplied MathematicsGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysis01 natural sciences010101 applied mathematicsBounded functionDomain (ring theory)Neumann boundary conditionp-LaplacianInitial value problemUniqueness0101 mathematicsMathematicsMathematical physicsJournal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées
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Systèmes hyperboliques d'équations aux dérivées partielles linéaires : régularité et matrices diagonalisables

2001

Resume La regularite des solutions d'un systeme d'equations aux derivees partielles hyperbolique, est liee aux proprietes spectrales d'un faisceaux de matrices reelles. Nous nous interessons ici a la regularite L 2 . Celle ci est obtenue si et seulement si l'exponentielle imaginaire du faisceau est bornee. Nous regardons le lien entre cette condition et les proprietes spectrales du faisceau, ici diagonalisable sur R . Nous donnons en particulier un critere d'exponentielle bornee si les valeurs propres ne sont pas de multiplicites constantes, et nous montrons que dans le cas des faisceaux engendres par deux matrices 3×3, l'exponentielle est bornee si et seulement si le faisceau est analytiqu…

Cauchy problemPure mathematics[MATH.MATH-HO]Mathematics [math]/History and Overview [math.HO]010102 general mathematics010103 numerical & computational mathematicsGeneral Medicine0101 mathematics01 natural sciencesHyperbolic partial differential equationComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMathematics
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Innate and adaptive immune responses in the CNS.

2015

Almost every disorder of the CNS is said to have an inflammatory component, but the precise nature of inflammation in the CNS is often imprecisely defined, and the role of CNS-resident cells is uncertain compared with that of cells that invade the tissue from the systemic immune compartment. To understand inflammation in the CNS, the term must be better defined, and the response of tissue to disturbances in homoeostasis (eg, neurodegenerative processes) should be distinguished from disorders in which aberrant immune responses lead to CNS dysfunction and tissue destruction (eg, autoimmunity). Whether the inflammatory tissue response to injury is reparative or degenerative seems to be depende…

Central Nervous SystemInnate immunologyAutoimmunityInflammationContext (language use)610 Medicine & healthAdaptive ImmunityBiologymedicine.disease_cause10263 Institute of Experimental ImmunologyAutoimmunity03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune systemCentral Nervous System DiseasesResponse to injuryImmunitymedicineAnimalsHumans030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesImmunity Innate2728 Neurology (clinical)Immunology570 Life sciences; biologyNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHomeostasisThe Lancet. Neurology
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Host microbiota constantly control maturation and function of microglia in the CNS.

2015

As the tissue macrophages of the CNS, microglia are critically involved in diseases of the CNS. However, it remains unknown what controls their maturation and activation under homeostatic conditions. We observed substantial contributions of the host microbiota to microglia homeostasis, as germ-free (GF) mice displayed global defects in microglia with altered cell proportions and an immature phenotype, leading to impaired innate immune responses. Temporal eradication of host microbiota severely changed microglia properties. Limited microbiota complexity also resulted in defective microglia. In contrast, recolonization with a complex microbiota partially restored microglia features. We determ…

Central Nervous SystemMaleCellGut–brain axis610 Medicine & healthBiologydigestive systemReceptors G-Protein-CoupledMiceImmunitymedicineAnimalsHomeostasis10239 Institute of Laboratory Animal ScienceReceptorInnate immune systemMicrogliaGeneral NeuroscienceMicrobiota2800 General NeuroscienceFatty Acids VolatilePhenotypeImmunity InnateMice Inbred C57BLmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemImmunology570 Life sciences; biology590 Animals (Zoology)FemaleMicrogliaNeuroscienceHomeostasisNature neuroscience
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Topological Decompositions of the Pauli Group and their Influence on Dynamical Systems

2021

In the present paper we show that it is possible to obtain the well known Pauli group $P=\langle X,Y,Z \ | \ X^2=Y^2=Z^2=1, (YZ)^4=(ZX)^4=(XY)^4=1 \rangle $ of order $16$ as an appropriate quotient group of two distinct spaces of orbits of the three dimensional sphere $S^3$. The first of these spaces of orbits is realized via an action of the quaternion group $Q_8$ on $S^3$; the second one via an action of the cyclic group of order four $\mathbb{Z}(4)$ on $S^3$. We deduce a result of decomposition of $P$ of topological nature and then we find, in connection with the theory of pseudo-fermions, a possible physical interpretation of this decomposition.

Central productsHamiltoniansPhysicsDynamical systems theoryActions of groups010102 general mathematicsQuaternion groupFOS: Physical sciencesCyclic groupMathematical Physics (math-ph)Pseudo-fermionsTopology01 natural sciencesInterpretation (model theory)Pauli groups0103 physical sciencesPauli groupOrder (group theory)Geometry and Topology0101 mathematicsConnection (algebraic framework)010306 general physicsQuotient groupMathematical PhysicsMathematical Physics, Analysis and Geometry
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Uniformization with infinitesimally metric measures

2019

We consider extensions of quasiconformal maps and the uniformization theorem to the setting of metric spaces $X$ homeomorphic to $\mathbb R^2$. Given a measure $\mu$ on such a space, we introduce $\mu$-quasiconformal maps $f:X \to \mathbb R^2$, whose definition involves deforming lengths of curves by $\mu$. We show that if $\mu$ is an infinitesimally metric measure, i.e., it satisfies an infinitesimal version of the metric doubling measure condition of David and Semmes, then such a $\mu$-quasiconformal map exists. We apply this result to give a characterization of the metric spaces admitting an infinitesimally quasisymmetric parametrization.

Characterization (mathematics)Space (mathematics)conformal modulus01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)funktioteoriaCombinatoricsMathematics - Metric Geometry0103 physical sciencesFOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsComplex Variables (math.CV)MathematicsMathematics - Complex VariablesMathematics::Complex Variables010102 general mathematicsquasiconformal mappingMetric Geometry (math.MG)metriset avaruudetmetric doubling measureMetric spaceDifferential geometryUniformization theoremMetric (mathematics)quasisymmetric mapping30L10 (Primary) 30C65 28A75 51F99 (Secondary)mittateoria010307 mathematical physicsGeometry and TopologyUniformization (set theory)
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Yeast β-glucans and microalgal extracts modulate the immune response and gut microbiome in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis)

2019

One bottleneck to sustainability of fish aquaculture is the control of infectious diseases. Current trends include the preventive application of immunostimulants and prebiotics such as polysaccharides. The present study investigated how yeast β-glucan (Y), microalgal polysaccharide-enriched extracts (MAe) and whole Phaeodactylum tricornutum cells (MA) modulated the gut microbiome and stimulated the immune system in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) when administered by oral intubation. Blood, intestine and spleen samples were taken at 3 h, 24 h, 48 h and 7 days after treatment. The short-term response (within 48 h after treatment) consisted of up-regulation of il1b and irf7 expression in…

Chemokinebeta-GlucansRandom allocationSpleenAquatic ScienceMicrobiologyRandom Allocation03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundImmune systemYeast DriedmedicineMicroalgaeBeta-GlucansEnvironmental ChemistryAnimals14. Life underwaterMicrobiomeGastrointestinal microbiome030304 developmental biology2. Zero hungerDiatoms0303 health sciencesbiologyImmunity04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationAnimal FeedImmunity InnateVibrioYeastYeastGastrointestinal MicrobiomeDietmedicine.anatomical_structurePrebioticschemistry040102 fisheriesbiology.proteinFlatfishes0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesLysozymeBacteria
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An integrated approach based on Life Cycle Assessment and Thermoeconomics: Application to a water-cooled chiller for an air conditioning plant

2018

Abstract A large number of methods for energy systems analysis were developed in the last decades, aimed at acquiring an in-depth understanding of plant performances and enabling analysts to identify optimal design and operating conditions. In this work an integrated approach based on Life Cycle Assessment and Thermoeconomics is proposed as a method for assessing the exergo-environmental profile of energy systems. The procedure combines the capabilities of these two techniques, to account simultaneously for aspects related to thermodynamics of energy conversion processes and to the overall impacts along the plant life cycle related to other phases, i.e. from raw material extraction to the d…

ChillerComputer science020209 energyThermoeconomicsContext (language use)02 engineering and technologyLife Cycle AssessmentIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSettore ING-IND/10 - Fisica Tecnica Industriale0601 history and archaeologyRefrigeration plantElectrical and Electronic EngineeringBill of materialsProcess engineeringThermoeconomicLife-cycle assessmentCivil and Structural EngineeringSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica Ambientale060102 archaeologybusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringEnergy systems analysi06 humanities and the artsBuilding and ConstructionPollutionMulti-variable approachGeneral EnergyElectricity generationSystems analysisAir conditioningbusiness
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