Search results for "18th century"
showing 10 items of 99 documents
Learning from the past in the COVID-19 era: rediscovery of quarantine, previous pandemics, origin of hospitals and national healthcare systems, and e…
2020
Abstract After the dramatic coronavirus outbreak at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, on 11 March 2020, a pandemic was declared by the WHO. Most countries worldwide imposed a quarantine or lockdown to their citizens, in an attempt to prevent uncontrolled infection from spreading. Historically, quarantine is the 40-day period of forced isolation to prevent the spread of an infectious disease. In this educational paper, a historical overview from the sacred temples of ancient Greece—the cradle of medicine—to modern hospitals, along with the conceive of healthcare systems, is provided. A few foods for thought as to the conflict between ethics in medicine and shortage of personne…
Antecedentes del motín de 1766 en Almoradí
2011
Entre los municipios españoles que, en 1766, protagonizaron tumultos populares, el caso concreto de Almoradí no resulta desconocido. En el presente trabajo se trata de situar las manifestaciones del descontento expresado en forma de motín en una dinámica temporal de plazo medio que atiende a las vicisitudes políticas y financieras que atravesó la población durante las décadas centrales de la centuria. El seguimiento de ambos aspectos permite vislumbrar la importancia que tuvieron el malestar acumulado por la incapacidad de su clase gobernante para aligerar la carga fiscal en una coyuntura de teórico superávit financiero sostenido y la determinante incidencia de la arraigada lucha de faccion…
Latvijas Vēstures Institūta Žurnāls. 2017, Nr. 3 (104)
2017
Valsts kultūrkapitāla fonds
L’abside in facciata: soluzioni “antisismiche” del XVIII secolo in Sicilia
2015
Nel corso del Settecento vennero progettate e costruite in Sicilia facciate chiesastiche caratterizzate da conformazioni curvilinee. Forme convesse e concave, posizionate in corrispondenza del partito centrale della facciata rendono queste strutture assimilabili alle absidi. Scelte di natura estetica hanno inizialmente innescato fenomeni emulativi sulla base della ricezione dei modelli diffusi dalla seconda metà del Seicento in Sicilia dalle incisioni riproducenti le facciate inflesse prodotte dai maestri del Barocco romano. Finora l'interesse verso questi modelli è apparso lo schema interpretativo più pertinente per spiegare gli indirizzi progettuali dei maggiori artefici operanti nel Sett…
The main trends in the palaeodemography of the 7th-18th century population of Latvia
2006
The study represents palaeodemographic research of osteological material of 3304 individuals from the funds of the Anthropological Laboratory of the Institute of History of the University of Latvia in Riga, dating from the 7 th to the 18 th century AD. Compensated life expectancy at birth is varying between 20.3 and 22.2 years during the research period. Crude mortality has changed between 49.3 and 45 %o. In the early period (7 th - 13 th century) there is a significant male prevalence (2.2 - 1.4); female life expectancy at the age of 20 is on average 6.6 years less than for males. This difference decreases to 5.4 years in the 13 th - 18 th century. According to historical demography, femal…
More than a leap of faith: the impact of biological and religious correlates on reproductive behavior.
2004
Using a conceptual model that integrates both social and biomedical factors of causation, this paper tries to delineate the pathways through which the reproductive characteristics of a multidenominational community are characterized. In total, 5513 historical entries from family reconstitution were available. Selection of data was guided by the inclusion of information about religious affiliation. Only married couples with children as well as single mothers with the relevant information were considered. Of these, 1855 entries were of Roman Catholic (C), 1143 of Lutheran/Protestant (L/P2), and 609 of Reformed Calvinist (R) denomination. The analysis documented differential nuptiality and fer…
Da Akrágas a Girgenti. Architettura e paesaggio nelle descrizioni e nell’iconografia della “città dei templi” fra Settecento e Ottocento
2016
Quando Gioacchino Di Marzo, intorno alla metà dell’Ottocento, intraprende l'opera di traduzione in italiano del Lexicon topograficum siculum di Vito Amico, dato alle stampe fra il 1757 e 1760, sente l'esigenza di dovere emendare incisivamente la voce dedicata alla città di Agrigento, in cui l'abate catanese aveva concesso alla città antica soltanto alcune brevi notazioni intorno ai templi antichi – fatta eccezione per il tempio di Giove Olimpico – soffermandosi invece sulla «novella Girgenti» e fornendo notizie dettagliate su tutti gli edifici degni di nota presenti nella città. Il tentativo di Di Marzo di colmare una simile lacuna – ingiustificabile a suo modo di vedere – scrivendo una lun…
Über die frühen Werke von Carl Gotthard Graß in der Akademischen Bibliothek der Universität Lettlands, über die Freundschaft, Antiquarismus in der Ge…
2020
Antigüedad clásica y cultura nobiliaria en la España de finales del siglo XVIII. Autores y ediciones greco-romanas en la biblioteca de José Alvarez d…
2019
This article analyzes the reception of the classical world in the Spanish nobiliary culture at the end of the 18th century. Our objective is materialized through the study of the Greco-Roman books present in the unpublished catalog of the library of José Álvarez de Toledo, 11th Marqués de villafranca. From the examination of the authors and the different editions conserved by the aristocrat, the work tries to examine the influence of the classical world and its actuality in the development of the most advanced nobiliary culture of eighteenth- century Spain.
Instrument transfer as knowledge transfer in neurophysiology: François Magendie's (1783-1855) early attempts to measure cerebrospinal fluid pressure.
2007
Francois Magendie's (1783-1855) experimental model for measuring blood pressure in animals, which he developed in 1838, had a major impact on French physiology in the nineteenth century, especially upon Etienne-Jules Marey (1830-1904) in Paris. In due course it was also adopted by other European investigators, such as the Leipzig physiologist Carl Ludwig (1816-1895), and by clinicians who developed it into a major measuring tool. Historians of science, however, have paid hardly any attention to Magendie's further laboratory investigations conducted with the assistance of Jean-Louis Marie Poiseuille's (1799-1869) sphygmometre (blood pressure meter). After having used the apparatus to conduct…