Search results for "22"
showing 10 items of 13984 documents
Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa B (RANK) and Clinicopathological Variables in Endometrial Cancer: A Study at Protein and Gene Level
2018
The system integrated by the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) and its ligand, RANKL, modulates the role of hormones in the genesis and progression of breast tumors. We investigated whether the expression of RANK was related with clinicopathological features of primary endometrial tumors. Immunohistochemistry was used in an endometrial cancer tissue array containing samples from 36 tumors. The amount of RANK mRNA was examined in a tissue scan cDNA array containing cDNA from 40 tumors. Normal endometrium was examined for comparison. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that RANK expression was higher in malignant than in normal endometrium (p <
The future of Extracellular Vesicles as Theranostics – an ISEV meeting report
2020
ABSTRACT The utilization of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in clinical theranostics has rapidly advanced in the past decade. In November 2018, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) held a workshop on “EVs in Clinical Theranostic”. Here, we report the conclusions of roundtable discussions on the current advancement in the analysis technologies and we provide some guidelines to researchers in the field to consider the use of EVs in clinical application. The main challenges and the requirements for EV separation and characterization strategies, quality control and clinical investigation were discussed to promote the application of EVs in future clinical studies.
Chip Formation and Control
2008
This chapter provides comprehensive engineering knowledge and modelling techniques applied in description of chip formation in the cutting zone and its separation from the bulk material, flow, and final breaking. Possible classification systems, including different chip shapes and physical mechanisms of their formation, are specified. The mechanisms of brittle fracture-based and shear-type chips are characterized in terms of plastic deformation and fracture mechanics. The models of the shear angle using different mechanical approaches are discussed. In addition, representative examples of FEM simulations of different types of chips for turning and milling operations are presented. Formulas …
Stem cell therapy. Old challenges and new solutions
2020
Stem cell therapy (SCT), born as therapeutic revolution to replace pharmacological treatments, remains a hope and not yet an effective solution. Accordingly, stem cells cannot be conceivable as a "canonical" drug, because of their unique biological properties. A new reorientation in this field is emerging, based on a better understanding of stem cell biology and use of cutting-edge technologies and innovative disciplines. This will permit to solve the gaps, failures, and long-term needs, such as the retention, survival and integration of stem cells, by employing pharmacology, genetic manipulation, biological or material incorporation. Consequently, the clinical applicability of SCT for chro…
Therapeutic targets for enterovirus infections
2020
Enteroviruses are among the most common viruses causing a huge number of acute and chronic infections leading to high economic costs. Novel nontoxic antivirals that reduce the virus load in acutely infected individuals and from various surfaces are needed to efficiently combat these viruses.This review summarizes the recent findings of compounds and tools targeting the enteroviruses and host cell molecules that are crucial for virus infection. In addition, the review states the modern methods to find new targets and tools that help to understand the mechanisms of action.High-throughput molecular screens have revealed important aspects of virus life cycle in host cells and, concomitantly, so…
Genetic and Epigenetic Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Colorectal Cancer.
2021
doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.04.042 Background & Aims Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorder associated with an elevated risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). IBD-associated CRC (IBD-CRC) may represent a distinct pathway of tumorigenesis compared to sporadic CRC (sCRC). Our aim was to comprehensively characterize IBD-associated tumorigenesis integrating multiple high-throughput approaches, and to compare the results with in-house data sets from sCRCs. Methods Whole-genome sequencing, single nucleotide polymorphism arrays, RNA sequencing, genome-wide methylation analysis, and immunohistochemistry were performed using fresh-frozen and formalin-fixed tissue sam…
Genome wide DNA methylation profiling identifies specific epigenetic features in high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
2019
ABSTRACTCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer. Although most cSCCs have good prognosis, a subgroup of high-risk cSCC has a higher frequency of recurrence and mortality. Therefore, the identification of molecular risk factors associated with this aggressive subtype is of major interest. In this work we carried out a global-scale approach to investigate the DNA-methylation profile in patients at different stages, from premalignant actinic keratosis to low-risk invasive and high-risk non-metastatic and metastatic cSCC. The results showed massive non-sequential changes in DNA-methylome and identified a minimal methylation signature that discriminates bet…
Intrasinusoidal HHV8-EBV–Positive Large B-Cell Lymphoma With Features of Germinotropic Lymphoproliferative Disorder
2020
Germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder (GLPD) is a poorly characterized lymphoproliferative entity, recently included in the World Health Organization classification of hematolymphoid neoplasms. The histological pattern of this disease comprises monotypic plasmablasts that involve the germinal centers of the lymphoid follicles (germinotrophism), forming confluent aggregates positive for both human herpes virus type 8 (HHV8) and Epstein-Barr virus. Currently, after 17 years of its first description, only 18 cases have been reported. In this article, we describe a case of a GLPD presenting in an immunocompetent 79-year-old woman with localized axillary lymphadenopathy, showing a prominen…
7-Keto-Cholesterol and Cholestan-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-Triol Induce Eryptosis through Distinct Pathways Leading to NADPH Oxidase and Nitric Oxide Synt…
2019
Background/aims We showed that patho-physiological concentrations of either 7-keto-cholesterol (7-KC), or cholestane-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol (TRIOL) caused the eryptotic death of human red blood cells (RBC), strictly dependent on the early production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The goal of the current study was to assess the contribution of the erythrocyte ROS-generating enzymes, NADPH oxidase (RBC-NOX), nitric oxide synthase (RBC-NOS) and xanthine oxido-reductase (XOR) to the oxysterol-dependent eryptosis and pertinent activation pathways. Methods Phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface was estimated from annexin-V-binding, reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (RONS) and nitri…
Protective and regenerative effects of a novel medical device against esophageal mucosal damage using in vitro and ex vivo models.
2020
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common digestive disorder that causes esophagitis and injuries to the esophageal mucosa. GERD symptoms are recurrent during pregnancy and their treatment is focused on lifestyle changes and nonprescription medicines. The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanism of action of a new patented medical device, an oral formulation containing hyaluronic acid, rice extract, and amino acids dispersed in a bioadhesive polymer matrix, by assessing its protective effects in in vitro and ex vivo models of esophageal mucosa damage. Acidic bile salts and pepsin cocktail (BSC) added to CP-A and COLO-680 N esophagus cells were used as an in vitro GERD mo…