Search results for "2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health"

showing 10 items of 42 documents

Genetic heterogeneity in ADHD: DAT1 gene only affects probands without CD

2008

Contains fulltext : 70183.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Previous studies have found heterogeneous association between DAT1-3'-UTR-VNTR and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Various proportions of conduct disorder (CD) comorbidity in their ADHD samples may partially explain the observational discrepancies. Evidence for this comes from family and twin studies which found ADHD probands with CD (ADHD + CD) are genetically different from those without CD (ADHD - CD). Genotypes of 20 DAT1 markers were analyzed in 576 trios, consisting of 141 ADHD + CD and 435 ADHD - CD. In addition to the classical TDT test, a specific genetic heterogeneity test was performed to identi…

ProbandMaleLinkage disequilibriumGenetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6]2804 Cellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMedizinComorbidityNeuroinformatics [DCN 3]Linkage Disequilibrium2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health0302 clinical medicineGene FrequencyPerception and Action [DCN 1]Genetics(clinical)ChildGenetics (clinical)GeneticsIncidence10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryEuropePsychiatry and Mental healthConduct disorder/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingFemaleFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]Conduct DisorderGenetic Markers2716 Genetics (clinical)GenotypeSingle-nucleotide polymorphism610 Medicine & healthBiologyMental health [NCEBP 9]Polymorphism Single Nucleotidebehavioral disciplines and activitiesGenomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3]03 medical and health sciencesGenetic HeterogeneityCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceCognitive neurosciences [UMCN 3.2]SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingmental disordersmedicineAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderHumansddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersAlleleAllelesDopamine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsChi-Square DistributionGenetic heterogeneitymedicine.diseaseTwin study030227 psychiatryGenetic defects of metabolism [UMCN 5.1]HaplotypesAttention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity030217 neurology & neurosurgery
researchProduct

Separation of Cognitive Impairments in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Into 2 Familial Factors

2010

Contains fulltext : 89304.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) CONTEXT: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with widespread cognitive impairments, but it is not known whether the apparent multiple impairments share etiological roots or separate etiological pathways exist. A better understanding of the etiological pathways is important for the development of targeted interventions and for identification of suitable intermediate phenotypes for molecular genetic investigations. OBJECTIVES: To determine, by using a multivariate familial factor analysis approach, whether 1 or more familial factors underlie the slow and variable reaction times, impaired response inhi…

ProbandMaleMedizinComorbidityNeuropsychological TestsChoice BehaviorDevelopmental psychology2738 Psychiatry and Mental HealthMOLECULAR-GENETICS0302 clinical medicinePerception and Action [DCN 1]GENETIC INFLUENCES10. No inequalityChildMental Health [NCEBP 9]Cognitive disorderCognition10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryPedigreePsychiatry and Mental healthPhenotype1201 Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Femalemedicine.symptomPsychologyFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]AdolescentDEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERContext (language use)610 Medicine & healthImpulsivityArticleREACTION-TIME PERFORMANCE03 medical and health sciencesArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)medicineReaction TimeAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderHumansINTRA-SUBJECT VARIABILITYFamilyINHIBITORY CONTROLGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATIONDELAY AVERSIONSiblingsSocial environmentmedicine.diseaseComorbidity030227 psychiatryAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityImpulsive BehaviorRESPONSE VARIABILITYSUSTAINED ATTENTIONCognition DisordersFactor Analysis Statistical030217 neurology & neurosurgery
researchProduct

The impact of study design and diagnostic approach in a large multi-centre ADHD study: Part 2: Dimensional measures of psychopathology and intelligen…

2011

Contains fulltext : 97437.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: The International Multi-centre ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) project with 11 participating centres from 7 European countries and Israel has collected a large behavioural and genetic database for present and future research. Behavioural data were collected from 1068 probands with ADHD and 1446 unselected siblings. The aim was to describe and analyse questionnaire data and IQ measures from all probands and siblings. In particular, to investigate the influence of age, gender, family status (proband vs. sibling), informant, and centres on sample homogeneity in psychopathological measures. METHODS: Conners' Questionnaires, St…

ProbandResearch designMale110 012 Social cognition of verbal communicationIntelligencePerception and Actions Mental Health [DCN 1]MedizinSocial Sciencescentre effectsDevelopmental psychology2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health0302 clinical medicinelcsh:PsychiatryMulticenter Studies as Topicsibling designChildATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERMental DisordersWechsler ScalesWechsler Adult Intelligence Scale10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersPsychiatry and Mental healthPhenotypeConduct disorderResearch DesignRELIABILITYFemaleFamily RelationsPsychologyClinical psychologyPsychopathologyResearch ArticleAdultlcsh:RC435-571DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDERTWIN610610 Medicine & health150 000 MR Techniques in Brain Function03 medical and health sciencesmulti-centre studyADHD multi-centre studymedicineCriterion validityAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderHumansADHDGenetic Predisposition to Diseaseddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersSiblingMETAANALYSISFamily HealthPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesCHILD PSYCHIATRIC-PATIENTSSiblingsPARENTmedicine.disease030227 psychiatryAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityCONDUCT DISORDERCRITERION VALIDITY030217 neurology & neurosurgery
researchProduct

The impact of study design and diagnostic approach in a large multi-centre ADHD study. Part 1: ADHD symptom patterns

2011

Contains fulltext : 96439.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: The International Multi-centre ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) project with 11 participating centres from 7 European countries and Israel has collected a large behavioural and genetic database for present and future research. Behavioural data were collected from 1068 probands with the combined type of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD-CT) and 1446 'unselected' siblings. The aim was to analyse the IMAGE sample with respect to demographic features (gender, age, family status, and recruiting centres) and psychopathological characteristics (diagnostic subtype, symptom frequencies, age at symptom detection, and com…

QuestionnairesMaleParentsResearch design110 012 Social cognition of verbal communicationPsychometricsPerception and Actions Mental Health [DCN 1]MedizinSocial Sciencescentre effects2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health0302 clinical medicinelcsh:PsychiatrySurveys and QuestionnairesTRANSPORTER GENEQTL LINKAGEsibling designChild10. No inequalityIntelligence TestsIntelligence quotientAge Factors10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY-DISORDERDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersEuropePsychiatry and Mental healthResearch DesignConduct disorderFemalePsychologyResearch ArticlePsychopathologymedicine.medical_specialtyPsychometricslcsh:RC435-571DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER610 Medicine & health150 000 MR Techniques in Brain Functionmulti-centre study03 medical and health sciencesSex FactorsADHD multi-centre studymedicineHumansADHDAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATIONSiblingPsychiatryPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesSiblingsmedicine.disease030227 psychiatryQUANTITATIVE TRAITAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivitySample size determinationCONDUCT DISORDERPSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITYFOLLOW-UPinformant effectsSCAN030217 neurology & neurosurgery
researchProduct

Methodological aspects of clinical trials in tinnitus: a proposal for an international standard

2012

Abstract: Chronic tinnitus is a common condition with a high burden of disease. While many different treatments are used in clinical practice, the evidence for the efficacy of these treatments is low and the variance of treatment response between individuals is high. This is most likely due to the great heterogeneity of tinnitus with respect to clinical features as well as underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. There is a clear need to find effective treatment options in tinnitus, however, clinical trials differ substantially with respect to methodological quality and design. Consequently, the conclusions that can be derived from these studies are limited and jeopardize comparison betwee…

Research designmedicine.medical_specialtyAlternative medicineMEDLINE610 Medicine & health10045 Clinic for OtorhinolaryngologyArticleTinnitus2738 Psychiatry and Mental Healthotorhinolaryngologic diseasesMedicineHumansClinical Trials as TopicEvidence-Based Medicinebusiness.industry3203 Clinical PsychologyVariance (accounting)Evidence-based medicineGuidelineClinical trialPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyResearch DesignHuman medicinemedicine.symptombusinessTinnitusClinical psychology
researchProduct

Differential Effects of Fluvoxamine and Other Antidepressants on the Biotransformation of Melatonin

2001

Melatonin, the predominant product of the pineal gland, is involved in the maintenance of diurnal rhythms. Nocturnal blood concentrations of melatonin have been shown to be enhanced by fluvoxamine, but not by other serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Because fluvoxamine is an inhibitor of several cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, the authors studied the biotransformation of melatonin and the effects of fluvoxamine on the metabolism of melatonin in vitro using human liver microsomes and recombinant human CYP isoenzymes. Melatonin was found to be almost exclusively metabolized by CYP1A2 to 6-hydroxymelatonin and N-acetylserotonin with a minimal contribution of CYP2C19. Both reactions were potently in…

Serotoninendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialty10050 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology610 Medicine & healthFluvoxamineCitalopramPharmacologyImipramineMelatonin2738 Psychiatry and Mental HealthPineal glandTheophyllineCytochrome P-450 CYP1A2Internal medicineDesipraminemedicineHumans2736 Pharmacology (medical)Pharmacology (medical)Enzyme InhibitorsMelatoninFluoxetineChemistryPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyFluvoxamineMicrosomes LiverAntidepressive Agents Second-Generation570 Life sciences; biologyReuptake inhibitorhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugJournal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
researchProduct

ADHD and DAT1: Further evidence of paternal over-transmission of risk alleles and haplotype

2010

Contains fulltext : 87259.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) We [Hawi et al. (2005); Am J Hum Genet 77:958-965] reported paternal over-transmission of risk alleles in some ADHD-associated genes. This was particularly clear in the case of the DAT1 3'-UTR VNTR. In the current investigation, we analyzed three new sample comprising of 1,248 ADHD nuclear families to examine the allelic over-transmission of DAT1 in ADHD. The IMAGE sample, the largest of the three-replication samples, provides strong support for a parent of origin effect for allele 6 and the 10 repeat allele (intron 8 and 3'-UTR VNTR, respectively) of DAT1. In addition, a similar pattern of over-transmission of paternal ri…

Untranslated region2716 Genetics (clinical)Candidate gene2804 Cellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMedizin610 Medicine & healthMinisatellite RepeatsBiology2738 Psychiatry and Mental HealthGenomic Imprinting03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingmental disordersPerception and Action [DCN 1]HumansGenetics(clinical)ddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersRisk factorAllele3' Untranslated RegionsNuclear familyGeneAllelesGenetics (clinical)GeneticsMental Health [NCEBP 9]Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsHaplotypeIntron10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthHaplotypesAttention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAmerican Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
researchProduct

Visual mismatch negativity (vMMN): a prediction error signal in the visual modality

2015

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8

Visual perceptionvisual mismatch negativitySpeech recognitionAutomaticityMismatch negativity610 Medicine & healthStimulus (physiology)Electroencephalographyperceptual learninglcsh:RC321-571170 Ethics3206 Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology2738 Psychiatry and Mental HealthBehavioral NeuroscienceMMN (Mismatch negativity)Perceptual learning2802 Behavioral Neurosciencemedicine10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineeringstimulus specific adaptationEEGstimulus specific adaptationpredictive codingOddball paradigmlcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological Psychiatryta515prediction errormedicine.diagnostic_testQuantitative Biology::Neurons and CognitionEditorial ArticlePsychiatry and Mental healthNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyNeurology2808 NeurologyEEG; ERP; Perceptual Learning; Predictive coding; Prediction error; Repetition suppression; Stimulus specific adaptation; Visual mismatch negativityOblique effectrepetition suppressionPsychology2803 Biological PsychiatryERPCognitive psychologyNeuroscienceFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
researchProduct

Polygenic association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder liability and cognitive impairments.

2022

AbstractBackgroundA recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 12 independent loci significantly associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Polygenic risk scores (PRS), derived from the GWAS, can be used to assess genetic overlap between ADHD and other traits. Using ADHD samples from several international sites, we derived PRS for ADHD from the recent GWAS to test whether genetic variants that contribute to ADHD also influence two cognitive functions that show strong association with ADHD: attention regulation and response inhibition, captured by reaction time variability (RTV) and commission errors (CE).MethodsThe discovery GWAS included 19 099 ADHD cases …

cognitionTrastorns per dèficit d'atenció amb hiperactivitat en els infantsMedizinSocial SciencesGenome-wide association studyAttention deficit disorder with hyperactivity in children3202 Applied Psychology2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health0302 clinical medicineAtencióDUPLICATIONS2.1 Biological and endogenous factorsPsychologyAetiologyGenetic riskChildPOPULATIONApplied PsychologyResponse inhibitionPsychiatryREACTION-TIME VARIABILITYCognition10058 Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryinhibitionPsychiatry and Mental healthPhenotypeMental Healthpolygenic risk scoresreaction time variabilityCognicióPublic Health and Health Services/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingTrastorns per dèficit d'atenció amb hiperactivitat en els adultsRESPONSE-INHIBITIONClinical psychologyAdultAdolescentDEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER610 Medicine & healthGENETIC RISKbehavioral disciplines and activitiesYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesWORKING-MEMORYSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingmental disordersReaction TimeGeneticsmedicineHumansAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderADHDCognitive DysfunctionGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATIONAssociation (psychology)business.industryPreventionHuman GenomeNeurosciencesGenetic variantsPERFORMANCEmedicine.diseaseAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)030227 psychiatryattentionAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityInhibicióCase-Control StudiesAttention deficit disorder with hyperactivity in adultsPolygenic risk scorebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGenome-Wide Association StudyPsychological medicine
researchProduct

The Two-Systems Account of Theory of Mind: Testing the Links to Social- Perceptual and Cognitive Abilities

2018

According to the two-systems account of theory of mind (ToM), understanding mental states of others involves both fast social-perceptual processes, as well as slower, reflexive cognitive operations (Frith and Frith, 2008; Apperly and Butterfill, 2009). To test the respective roles of specific abilities in either of these processes we administered 15 experimental procedures to a large sample of 343 participants, testing ability in face recognition and holistic perception, language, and reasoning. ToM was measured by a set of tasks requiring ability to track and to infer complex emotional and mental states of others from faces, eyes, spoken language, and prosody. We used structural equation m…

language10093 Institute of Psychologysocial perceptionlcsh:RC321-5713206 Neuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyBehavioral NeurosciencePsychiatry and Mental health2738 Psychiatry and Mental HealthNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyNeurology2808 Neurology2802 Behavioral Neuroscience150 Psychology2803 Biological Psychiatryindividual differenceslcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological Psychiatry10190 Jacobs Center for Productive Youth DevelopmentNeuroscienceOriginal Researchtheory of mindface recognitionFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
researchProduct