Search results for "34"
showing 10 items of 1830 documents
Relación entre el enfoque de gestión de la calidad y el desempeño organizativo. Una aproximación desde la perspectiva basada en los recursos.
2001
Esta tesis doctoral se centra en el estudio de los diferentes enfoques de gestión de la calidad y sus repercusiones sobre el desempeño organizativo tomando como referencia la perspectiva basada en los recursos y capacidades. Se comparan el enfoque de aseguramiento de la calidad y la gestión de la calidad total analizando en profundidad los principios y las técnicas operativas de la calidad que caracterizan a cada uno de estos enfoques. La segunda variable clave objeto de esta investigación es el desempeño organizativo, siendo el principal objetivo de este trabajo determinar si la implantación de un enfoque u otro repercute de manera diferente sobre los resultados empresariales. La principal…
Análisis de los modelos tipo consultorio y centro de salud en la atención médica primaria C. Valenciana
2003
Después de explicar las diferencias entre el modelo tipo consultorio y el tipo centro de salud de la asistencia sanitaria primaria, se expone la situación en distintos países Europeos, en Japón y en Estados Unidos. Se analiza la reforma en España y en la comunidad Valenciana. Los objetivos específicos consisten en el establecimiento de dos escenarios: uno para el conjunto de la Comunidad Valenciana y otro para seis poblaciones determinadas, que en un momento del tiempo cambiaron del modelo anterior al nuevo. La presión asistencial de los médicos y de los pediatras, las derivaciones a la asistencia especializada, el número de profesionales, la población, el gasto de primaria, el gasto farmac…
La protección constitucional del derecho a la vida en Colombia y la gobernabilidad democrática como estrategia política y ciudadana para su fortaleci…
2007
La presente Tesis Doctoral, presentada como requisito para optar al título de Doctor en Derecho Constitucional, tiene por objeto estudiar profundamente y desde un enfoque político-constitucional el Artículo 11 de la Constitución Política de Colombia que reza: "El derecho a la vida es inviolable. No habrá pena de muerte". Ello con el propósito de determinar si la masiva violación de este derecho en el País se debe a deficiencias en las garantías jurídicas existentes o si, siendo estas suficientes, la explicación se encuentra más bien en la incorrecta formulación de las políticas gubernamentales y en el deficiente funcionamiento de las instituciones políticas creadas para tal fin; haciéndose …
Determinación salarial: Educación y habilidad. Análisis teórico y empírico del caso español.
1999
La tesis consta de una breve introducción y de cuatro capítulos a los que se añade un resumen final de conclusiones. El primer capítulo ofrece una revisión detallada de los fundamentos teóricos de la teoría del capital humano (educación como mecanismo para aumentar la productividad individual) y la hipótesis de señalización (educación como señal o filtro de productividades innatas previas). En primer lugar, se define lo que se entiende por capital humano en su visión más amplia y se reflexiona brevemente sobre algunas cuestiones vinculadas. Seguidamente se exponen las principales formulaciones teóricas basadas en la teoría del capital humano. En segundo lugar, se presenta la hipótesis de se…
Diet to Reduce the Metabolic Syndrome Associated with Menopause. The Logic for Olive Oil
2020
The rates of metabolic syndrome are increasing in parallel with the increasing prevalence of obesity, primarily due to its concomitant insulin resistance. This is particularly concerning for women, as the years around menopause are accompanied by an increase in visceral obesity, a strong determinant of insulin resistance. A fall in estrogens and increase in the androgen/estrogen ratio is attributed a determining role in this process, which has been confirmed in other physiological models, such as polycystic ovary syndrome. A healthy lifestyle, with special emphasis on nutrition, has been recommended as a first-line strategy in consensuses and guidelines. A consistent body of evidence has ac…
Impact of Obesity in Kidney Diseases.
2021
The clinical consequences of obesity on the kidneys, with or without metabolic abnormalities, involve both renal function and structures. The mechanisms linking obesity and renal damage are well understood, including several effector mechanisms with interconnected pathways. Higher prevalence of urinary albumin excretion, sub-nephrotic syndrome, nephrolithiasis, increased risk of developing CKD, and progression to ESKD have been identified as being associated with obesity and having a relevant clinical impact. Moreover, renal replacement therapy and kidney transplantation are also influenced by obesity. Losing weight is key in limiting the impact that obesity produces on the kidneys by reduc…
Taste of Fat and Obesity: Different Hypotheses and Our Point of View
2022
Obesity results from a temporary or prolonged positive energy balance due to an alteration in the homeostatic feedback of energy balance. Food, with its discriminative and hedonic qualities, is a key element of reward-based energy intake. An alteration in the brain reward system for highly palatable energy-rich foods, comprised of fat and carbohydrates, could be one of the main factors involved in the development of obesity by increasing the attractiveness and consumption of fat-rich foods. This would induce, in turn, a decrease in the taste of fat. A better understanding of the altered reward system in obesity may open the door to a new era for the diagnosis, management and treatment of th…
Innovations in Infant Feeding: Future Challenges and Opportunities in Obesity and Cardiometabolic Disease
2020
The field of nutrition in early life, as an effective tool to prevent and treat chronic diseases, has attracted a large amount of interest over recent years. The vital roles of food products and nutrients on the body’s molecular mechanisms have been demonstrated. The knowledge of the mechanisms and the possibility of controlling them via what we eat has opened up the field of precision nutrition, which aims to set dietary strategies in order to improve health with the greatest effectiveness. However, this objective is achieved only if the genetic profile of individuals and their living conditions are also considered. The relevance of this topic is strengthened considering the importance of …
COVID Obesity: A One-Year Narrative Review
2021
On 11 March 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). This study focuses on a narrative review about the illness during the first year of the pandemic in relation to obesity. Databases were used to search studies published up to 8 December 2020. In total, 4430 articles and other scientific literature were found, and 24 articles were included in this one-year narrative review. The mean BMI value of severe COVID-19 patients ranged from 24.5 to 33.4 kg/m2, versus 2 for non-severe patients. Articles using the terms obesity or overweight without indicating the BMI value in these patients were common, but this is not useful, as the a…
Non-conscious effect of food odors on children's food choices varies by weight status
2017
Open access original research (article number UNSP 16); OBJECTIVE: Food cues are omnipresent in the daily environment and may influence eating behavior even non-consciously. An increased reactivity to food cues, such as food odors, has been shown to be correlated with obesity in children. The objective of this study is to investigate whether the non-conscious influence of food odors on children's food choices varies by their weight status. METHODS: Seventy-four children, of whom 29 were obese, took part in this study. The children performed a food choice intention task presented as a computer game in which 30 pairs of food images (a fatty-sweet food picture vs. a fruit picture) successively…