Search results for "38"
showing 10 items of 1730 documents
CD38-Specific Biparatopic Heavy Chain Antibodies Display Potent Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity Against Multiple Myeloma Cells
2018
CD38 is overexpressed by multiple myeloma cells and has emerged as a target for therapeutic antibodies. Nanobodies are soluble single domain antibody fragments derived from the VHH variable domain of heavy chain antibodies naturally occurring in camelids. We previously identified distinct llama nanobodies that recognize three non-overlapping epitopes of the extracellular domain of CD38. Here, we fused these VHH domains to the hinge, CH2, and CH3 domains of human IgG1, yielding highly soluble chimeric llama/human heavy chain antibodies (hcAbs). We analyzed the capacity of these hcAbs to mediate complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) to CD38-expressing human multiple myeloma and Burkitt lymp…
The link between bone microenvironment and immune cells in multiple myeloma: Emerging role of CD38
2018
The relationship between bone and immune cells is well established both in physiological and pathological conditions. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy characterized by an increase of number and activity of osteoclasts (OCLs) and a decrease of osteoblasts (OBs). These events are responsible for bone lesions of MM patients. OCLs support MM cells survival in vitro and in vivo. Recently, the possible role of OCLs as immunosuppressive cells in the MM BM microenvironment has been underlined. OCLs protect MM cells against T cell-mediated cytotoxicity through the expression of several molecules including programmed death-ligand (PD-L) 1, galectin (Gal) 9, CD200, and indoleamine-2,3…
The Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease in Pre-Term Infants
2015
This mini-review summarises the risk factors for acquiring Respiratory Syncitial Virus (RSV) infection, and describes the harmful effects of the infection in pre-term infants. Moreover, theoretical considerations are discussed for the prevention of RSV infection in high-risk infant categories, such as pre-term infants. Background: Neonates positive for RSV are more prone to severe infection than neonates infected with other common respiratory viruses. Despite RSV infection being more common in late neonates than in early ones, pre-term infants ≤ 35 wk gestational age (GA) are at high risk for developing severe RSV disease. Efforts to prevent infection include case management, vaccination an…
HSP60 activity on human bronchial epithelial cells
2017
HSP60 has been implicated in chronic inflammatory disease pathogenesis, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the mechanisms by which this chaperonin would act are poorly understood. A number of studies suggest a role for extracellular HSP60, since it can be secreted from cells and bind Toll-like receptors; however, the effects of this stimulation have never been extensively studied. We investigated the effects (pro- or anti-inflammatory) of HSP60 in human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) alone and in comparison with oxidative, inflammatory, or bacterial challenges. 16-HBE cells were cultured for 1–4 h in the absence or presence of HSP60, H2O2, lipopolysaccharide (…
Wip1 phosphatase: between p53 and MAPK kinases pathways.
2016
IF 5.008; International audience; Cells undergoing oncogenic transformation frequently inactivate tumor suppressor pathways that could prevent their uncontrolled growth. Among those pathways p53 and p38MAPK pathways play a critical role in regulation of cell cycle, senescence and cell death in response to activation of oncogenes, stress and DNA damage. Consequently, these two pathways are important in determining the sensitivity of tumor cells to anti-cancer treatment. Wild type p53-induced phosphatase, Wip1, is involved in governance of both pathways. Recently, strategies directed to manipulation with Wip1 activity proposed to advance current day anticancer treatment and novel chemical com…
Multifaceted Mechanisms of WY-14643 to Stabilize the Blood-Brain Barrier in a Model of Traumatic Brain Injury
2017
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is damaged during ischemic insults such as traumatic brain injury or stroke. This contributes to vasogenic edema formation and deteriorate disease outcomes. Enormous efforts are pursued to understand underlying mechanisms of ischemic insults and develop novel therapeutic strategies. In the present study the effects of PPARα agonist WY-14643 were investigated to prevent BBB breakdown and reduce edema formation. WY-14643 inhibited barrier damage in a mouse BBB in vitro model of traumatic brain injury based on oxygen/glucose deprivation in a concentration dependent manner. This was linked to changes of the localization of tight junction proteins. Furthermore, WY-1…
SAT0025 THE EFFECT OF DIMETHYL FUMARATE ON PLASMABLAST DIFFERENTIATION TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROGRAMMES IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
2019
Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), is an immunomodulatory drug approved for the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Psoriasis. The exact mechanism of action of DMF is not entirely known. Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects have been observed, including the upregulation of NRF-2, the inhibition of TIGAR and the block of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBEL3. Further evidence from MS patients suggests a modulation on B cell activation. Although beneficial effects of DMF have been observed in animal models of lupus nephritis and limited cases human cutaneous lupus, the effect of DMF on B cell maturation transcriptional programmes in systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) has …
Tourism marketing and local celebrations: A case study in Valencia’s Fallas
2020
El artículo pretende mostrar la necesidad de emplear estrategias de marketing turístico en la oferta de la Fiesta de las Fallas que tienen lugar en Valencia (España), declaradas Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial de la Humanidad en 2016. Se desarrolla la teoría acerca de esta herramienta, argumentando las características y capacidades del evento y fundamentando su importancia como pieza clave en el desarrollo del turismo cultural valenciano. Los datos recogidos y las entrevistas abiertas realizadas manifiestan que la Fiesta de las Fallas debe considerarse un producto turístico y emplear estrategias que muestren la autenticidad y singularidad de Valencia como destino turístico. The article aims …
Psychopathologie bei Jugendlichen aus sieben Ländern: Welche Bedeutung hat die Kontrolle von Identitätsentwicklung und Familienbeziehungen?
2019
Zusammenfassung. In dieser kulturvergleichenden Studie wurde der Einfluss von Geschlecht und Land auf die Symptombelastung von Jugendlichen untersucht, nachdem identitätsbezogene Faktoren kontrolliert wurden. In einer Stichprobe von 2259 Jugendlichen (M = 15.3 Jahre; 54 % weiblich) aus Frankreich, Deutschland, der Türkei, Griechenland, Peru, Pakistan und Polen wurde die Identitätsentwicklung und der mütterliche Erziehungsstil (Unterstützung, psychologische Kontrolle und ängstliches Monitoring) sowie die internalisierende und externalisierende Symptombelastung ermittelt. In einer Kovarianzanalyse wurde die Variation durch Land, Geschlecht und Alter sowie die Interaktion Land x Geschlecht un…
CCDC 853880: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
2012
Related Article: L.Kaufmann, E.V.Dzyuba, F.Malberg, N.L.Low, M.Groschke, B.Brusilowskij, J.Huuskonen, K.Rissanen, B.Kirchner, C.A.Schalley|2012|Org.Biomol.Chem.|10|5954|doi:10.1039/c2ob25196e