Search results for "41"
showing 10 items of 3365 documents
Synthesis and Characterization of Syndiotactic Polystyrene-Polyethylene Block Copolymer
2019
The direct synthesis of syndiotactic polystyrene-block-polyethylene copolymer (sPS-b-PE) with a diblock structure has been achieved. The synthetic strategy consists of the sequential stereocontrolled polymerization of styrene and ethylene in the presence of a single catalytic system: cyclopentadienyltitanium(IV) trichloride activated by modified methylaluminoxane (CpTiCl3/MMAO). The reaction conditions suitable for affording the partially living polymerization of these monomers were identified, and the resulting copolymer, purified from contaminant homopolymers, was fully characterized. Gel permeation chromatography coupled with two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy COSY, HSQC, and DOSY confirme…
Enhanced Skin Permeation of Estradiol by Dimethyl Sulfoxide Containing Transdermal Patches.
2021
Dimethyl sulfoxide is a well-known and widely used dermal penetration enhancer. Its incorporation in transdermal patches would be highly desirable
Stereoselective synthesis of perillaldehyde-based chiral β-amino acid derivatives through conjugate addition of lithium amides.
2014
The Michael addition of dibenzylamine to (+)-tert-butyl perillate (3) and to (+)-tert-butyl phellandrate (6), derived from (S)-(−)-perillaldehyde (1), resulted in diastereomeric β-amino esters 7A–D in a moderately stereospecific reaction in a ratio of 76:17:6:1. After separation of the diastereoisomers, the major product, cis isomer 7A, was quantitatively isomerized to the minor component, trans-amino ester 7D. All four isomers were transformed to the corresponding β-amino acids 10A–D, which are promising building blocks for the synthesis of β-peptides and 1,3-heterocycles in three steps. The steric effects of the isopropyl group at position 4 and of the α-methyl substituent of (R)-N-benzyl…
Oxidative cyclization of aldehyde thiosemicarbazones induced by potassium ferricyanide and by tris(p-bromophenyl)amino hexachloroantimoniate. A joint…
2005
The oxidative ring closure reaction of some aryl-substituted thiosemicarbazones induced by "bona fide" one-electron abstracting agents was investigated, by means of both experimental and computational techniques. The corresponding 1,2,4-triazole derivatives were the only cyclization products observed. The occurrence of two slightly different mechanistic pathways for the reaction is discussed.
Conformation of dehydropentapeptides containing four achiral amino acid residues - controlling the role of L-valine.
2014
Structural studies of pentapeptides containing an achiral block, built from two dehydroamino acid residues (ΔZPhe and ΔAla) and two glycines, as well as one chiral L-Val residue were performed using NMR spectroscopy. The key role of the L-Val residue in the generation of the secondary structure of peptides is discussed. The obtained results suggest that the strongest influence on the conformation of peptides arises from a valine residue inserted at the C-terminal position. The most ordered conformation was found for peptide Boc-Gly-ΔAla-Gly-ΔZPhe-Val-OMe (3), which adopts a right-handed helical conformation.
Synthesis of 4-amino-5-fluoropyrimidines and 5-amino-4-fluoropyrazoles from a β-fluoroenolate salt
2020
A synthesis of fluorinated pyrimidines under mild conditions from amidine hydrochlorides and the recently described potassium 2-cyano-2-fluoroethenolate was developed. A broad substrate scope was tested and mostly excellent yields were obtained. The synthesis of fluorinated aminopyrazoles from the same fluorinated precursor could be demonstrated but proceeded with lower efficiency.
Characterization of intestinal absorption of C -glycoside flavonoid vicenin-2 from Lychnophora ericoides leafs in rats by nonlinear mixed effects mod…
2015
Vicenin-2 (apigenin-6,8-di-C-β-d-glucopyranoside) is present in hydroalcoholic extracts of the Brazilian species Lychnophora ericoides Mart., Asteraceae, leaves, and the biological effects of this compound have been demonstrated including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor effects in rat models. Given the potential of this compound as a pharmacological agent, the aims of this investigation were to evaluate the extent of intestinal absorption of vicenin-2, and to determine the intestinal permeation profile using an in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion technique. A validated HPLC–UV method was applied to measure the amount of unabsorbed vicenin-2 in the gut after an oral admini…
H-NMR and FT-IR study of the state of melatonin confined in membrane models: location and interactions of melatonin in water free lecithin and AOT re…
2004
The state of melatonin confined either in dry lecithin or bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt (AOT) reversed micelles has been investigated by H-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies as a function of the melatonin to surfactant molar ratio (R). The analysis of experimental results leads to hypothesize that, independently of R and the surfactant nature and as a consequence of anisotropic melatonin/surfactant interactions, melatonin is totally solubilized in reversed micelles and mainly located by opportune orientation in the nanodomain constituted by the surfactant head groups. The absence of significant spectral changes related to the protons linked to the first carbon atoms of surfactant a…
MCM-41 silica monoliths with independent control of meso- and macroporosity
2007
Centimetre sized macroporous silica monoliths consisting of MCM-41 have been prepared by a two-step procedure allowing an independent control of the meso- and macro-porosity. In the first step a monolith with a macroporosity tailored between 2 and 20 μm is prepared under acidic medium by a phase separation, named spinodal decomposition, leading to a bicontinuous structure of a silica/polymer phase and a water phase. The monolith is then reacted in an alkaline solution of cetyltrimethyl ammonium to transform the silica skeleton into MCM-41 under conditions which preserve the original morphology and macroporosity of the material. The combination of spinodal decomposition and pseudomorphic tra…
Effect of protein/essential amino acids and resistance training on skeletal muscle hypertrophy: A case for whey protein
2010
Abstract Regardless of age or gender, resistance training or provision of adequate amounts of dietary protein (PRO) or essential amino acids (EAA) can increase muscle protein synthesis (MPS) in healthy adults. Combined PRO or EAA ingestion proximal to resistance training, however, can augment the post-exercise MPS response and has been shown to elicit a greater anabolic effect than exercise plus carbohydrate. Unfortunately, chronic/adaptive response data comparing the effects of different protein sources is limited. A growing body of evidence does, however, suggest that dairy PRO, and whey in particular may: 1) stimulate the greatest rise in MPS, 2) result in greater muscle cross-sectional …