Search results for "58"
showing 10 items of 2229 documents
To switch or not to switch - Can individual lending do better in microfinance than group lending?
2011
These days it has been witnessed, that banks other individual loans instead of group loans and develop products based on individual liability in developing coun- tries. In order to study this surprising turn, we expand the conventional approach on decision making of individuals. A social prestige function is introduced that re- ‡ects the non-monetary impacts of group membership on the individual and on her decisions. If a borrower possesses more than a critical level of wealth, it is optimal for her to switch to individual borrowing. From a welfare perspective, a mixture of individual and group loans is desirable. However, the average borrower switches from group to individual lending too …
Some preliminary but troubling evidence on group credits in microfinance programmes
2010
Group lending programs are said to be the key factor of success of microÂ…nance. They are said to reduce information asymmetries in credit contracts and to increase repayment rates. Despite that, in recent years more and more individual credits without collateral are given, even if there is no mutual monitoring of the borrowers. We use basic descriptive statistics on individual- and group panel data, which we construct out of a World Bank data set. We provide Â…rst evidence that individuals that are not participating in group credits accumulate wealth more quickly than participants of group credit programs.
Fondos estructurales y política regional en la Unión Europea
2000
The present work examines the reasons that gave rise to European Regional Policy and describes its principles and basic objectives, as well as the operational transformations it underwent from the 1988 Structural Fund reform till the approval of the Agenda 2000. Its ability to correct regional imbalances is subsequently compared with the limited ability of European Public Finance to carry out some of the functions performed by central governments in States with a federal political structure, which results in disparity between regional income levels and the corresponding tax balances. Finally, the achievements and limitations of European Regional Policy are assessed on a wide basis rather th…
Diversidad de género, igualdad de oportunidades y entornos laborales
2004
Gender diversity can be considered a useful strategy for improving equal opportunities in the labour market. It is also a valid criterion for optimising human resources in management professions. Unlike other strategies for promoting equal opportunities that have been applied in political or social spheres (quota system, parity representation, etc.), gender diversity combines humanitarian criteria based on citizenship rights for women with maximalist arguments relating to the value such a strategy can add to labour organisations. The Divers@: género y diversidad project lays down a working method and operational model for analysing possible imbalance caused by the specific gender diversity …
Las políticas públicas de igualdad en el empleo y la economía social y cooperativa
2004
There are different policies for equality in employment, different “equality plans”, different guidelines, etc. at various levels (European, national, Autonomous Community, etc.) which aim to reduce inequality between men and women in labour matters, such as wages, employment rates, etc. Measures also exist in the social economy to achieve equality between men and women because this principle is behind the cooperation or cooperative principles on which the social economy is based.
Política tecnológica y agentes del sistema regional de innovación. Impacto del V PM de I+D de la UE en las regiones españolas
2008
In this paper we analyse the impact of the Fifth EU R&D Framework Programme (1998-2002) in the Spanish regions, considering the characteristics of the respective regional systems of innovation. The starting theoretical framework is the interactive pattern of technological change where the interaction among the different phases of innovation processes and between actors involved is emphasized. The important role that firms play in this process is also underlined. This model links with the concept of regional innovation systems. The contextual character of technological innovation is furthermore highlighted as well as its importance for the effectiveness of technology policies that should res…
Cambio climático y sustentabilidad económica y social: implicaciones sobre el bienestar social
2008
This article puts forward an explanation of climate change within the context of global change. Climate change can be seen as the spearhead; as a manifestation of the increasing unsustainability of planet Earth. We consider some of the effects of this change, examining its uneven impact on developed and under-developed countries. We then put forward various proposals of how to deal with climate change, highlighting Socolow’s theory in particular. Lastly, we move on to the debate raised by climate change, its impact and possible strategic steps to remedy the situation within the context of environmental sustainability. This will probably lead to a new economic, social and environmental parad…
EU cohesion aid to Spain: a data set. Part I: 2000-06 planning period
2010
In this paper we construct a data set on EU cohesion aid to Spain during the planning period 2000-06. The data are disaggregated by region, year and function and attempt to approximate the timing of actual executed expenditure on assisted projects.
EU cohesion aid to Spain: a data set. Part II: 1994-99 planning period
2013
In this paper we construct a data set on EU cohesion aid to Spain during the planning period 1994-99. The data are disaggregated by region, year and function and attempt to approximate the timing of actual executed expenditure on assisted projects. Data available for download: Excel 1 | Excel 2
Crítica a la naturalización del deontologismo en la teoría del proceso dual del juicio moral de Joshua Greene
2018
In this paper I propose to question the Joshua Greene’s neuroethical thesis about the essentially emotional character of so-called “deontological moral judgments”. Frist, I focus on the dual process theory of moral judgment and I criticize that they are considered only and mainly intuitive and non reflective. Se condly, I question that the “utilitarian judgment” is linked to mathematical calculation and the deontological judgment is exclusively reduced to non-reflective factor of emotion. The main objection to Greene’s naturalism raised by me is trying to eliminate the philosophical justification about the moral validity defended by Kant’s deontologism; meanwhile Greene reduces “deontologic…