Search results for "610 Medicine & health"
showing 10 items of 627 documents
RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN FRAIL AND PRE-FRAIL OLDER ADULTS:RESULTS FROM A META-ANALYSIS AND EXPLORATORY META-REGRESSI…
2017
Frailty is common and associated with poorer outcomes in the elderly, but its role as potential cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor requires clarification. We thus aimed to meta-analytically evaluate the evidence of frailty and pre-frailty as risk factors for CVD. Two reviewers selected all studies comparing data about CVD prevalence or incidence rates between frail/pre-frail vs. robust. The association between frailty status and CVD in cross-sectional studies was explored by calculating and pooling crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs)+/- 95% confidence intervals (CIs); the data from longitudinal studies were pooled using the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). Eighteen cohorts with a total …
A Bibliometric Analysis of Fragility Fractures: Top 50.
2021
Background and Objectives: The population is aging and fragility fractures are a research topic of steadily growing importance. Therefore, a systematic bibliometric review was performed to identify the 50 most cited articles in the field of fragility fractures analyzing their qualities and characteristics. Materials and Methods: From the Core Collection database in the Thomson Reuters Web of Knowledge, the most influential original articles with reference to fragility fractures were identified in February 2021 using a multistep approach. Year of publication, total number of citations, average number of citations per year since year of publication, affiliation of first and senior author, geo…
The catalytic activity of the endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein microsomal epoxide hydrolase towards carcinogens is retained on inversion of its…
1996
Diol epoxides formed by the sequential action of cytochrome P-450 and the microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) represent an important class of ultimate carcinogenic metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The role of the membrane orientation of cytochrome P-450 and mEH relative to each other in this catalytic cascade is not known. Cytochrome P-450 is known to have a type I topology. According to the algorithm of Hartman, Rapoport and Lodish [(1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86, 5786–5790], which allows the prediction of the membrane topology of proteins, mEH should adopt a type II membrane topology. Experimentally, mEH membrane topology has been …
Spectrum of styrene-induced DNA adducts: the relationship to other biomarkers and prospects in human biomonitoring.
2002
Styrene is an important industrial chemical that has shown genotoxicity in many toxicology assays. This is believed to be related to the DNA-binding properties of styrene-7,8-oxide (SO), a major metabolite of styrene. In this review, we have summarized knowledge on various aspects of styrene genotoxicity, especially in order to understand the formation and removal of primary DNA lesions, and the usefulness of biomarkers for risk assessment. Biological significances of specific DNA adducts and their role in the cascade of genotoxic events are discussed. Links between markers of external and internal exposure are evaluated, as well as metabolic aspects leading to the formation of DNA adducts …
Root Canal Morphology and Configuration of the Mandibular Canine: A Systematic Review
2021
The aim of this study was to systematically review the root canal morphology and configuration (RCC) of mandibular canines (MaCa). The review was registered in the PROSPERO database (ID-272297) and it was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines. Three electronic databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Scopus) were searched. Randomized controlled trials, cross-sectional, cohort, comparative, evaluation and validation studies have been included. The anatomical quality assessment (AQUA) tool was used for a quality assessment of the anatomical studies. Of 910 studies retrieved from the systematic search, 28 studies investigating RCCs were included. Most MaCa were single-rooted (87.9–100%), w…
Early cardiac unloading with ImpellaCP™ in acute myocardial infarction with ventricular septal defect
2020
Abstract Despite a relative contraindication, mechanical support with Impella™ left ventricular assist device has already been described for ischaemic ventricular septal defect treatment, either as a bridge to surgery, as intraoperative mechanical haemodynamic support, or to ensure intraprocedural haemodynamic stability during device closure. We describe two cases of ventricular septal defect complicating acute myocardial infarction, where the percutaneous ImpellaCP was implanted early (differently than previously described) with the aim of preventing haemodynamic instability, while deferring surgical repair. We present a report of haemodynamic, echocardiographic, biochemical, and clinical …
Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on liver cancer management (CERO-19)
2021
[Background & Aims] The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems and it may have heavily impacted patients with liver cancer (LC). Herein, we evaluated whether the schedule of LC screening or procedures has been interrupted or delayed because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Benchmarking Wilms’ tumor in multisequence MRI data: why does current clinical practice fail? Which popular segmentation algorithms perform well?
2019
Wilms' tumor is one of the most frequent malignant solid tumors in childhood. Accurate segmentation of tumor tissue is a key step during therapy and treatment planning. Since it is difficult to obtain a comprehensive set of tumor data of children, there is no benchmark so far allowing evaluation of the quality of human or computer-based segmentations. The contributions in our paper are threefold: (i) we present the first heterogeneous Wilms' tumor benchmark data set. It contains multisequence MRI data sets before and after chemotherapy, along with ground truth annotation, approximated based on the consensus of five human experts. (ii) We analyze human expert annotations and interrater varia…
The inhibitor of differentiation-1 (Id1) enables lung cancer liver colonization through activation of an EMT program in tumor cells and establishment…
2017
Abstract: Id1 promotes carcinogenesis and metastasis, and predicts prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-adenocarcionoma patients. We hypothesized that Id1 may play a critical role in lung cancer colonization of the liver by affecting both tumor cells and the microenvironment. Depleted levels of Id1 in LLC (Lewis lung carcinoma cells, LLC shId1) significantly reduced cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Genetic loss of Id1 in the host tissue (Id1(-/-) mice) impaired liver colonization and increased survival of Id1 animals. Histologically, the presence of Idl in tumor cells of liver metastasis was responsible for liver colonization. Microarray analysis comparing liver tumor n…
Microgravity-induced alterations in signal transduction in cells of the immune system
2010
Since decades it is known that the activity of cells of the immune system is severely dysregulated in microgravity, however, the underlying molecular aspects have not been elucidated yet. The identification of gravity-sensitive molecular mechanisms in cells of the immune system is an important and indispensable prerequisite for the development of counteractive measures to prevent or treat disturbed immune cell function of astronauts during long-term space missions. Moreover, their sensitivity to altered gravity renders immune cells an ideal model system to understand if and how gravity on Earth is required for normal mammalian cell function and signal transduction. We investigated the effec…