Search results for "61"
showing 10 items of 3634 documents
Action in Perception: Prominent Visuo-Motor Functional Symmetry in Musicians during Music Listening.
2015
Musical training leads to sensory and motor neuroplastic changes in the human brain. Motivated by findings on enlarged corpus callosum in musicians and asymmetric somatomotor representation in string players, we investigated the relationship between musical training, callosal anatomy, and interhemispheric functional symmetry during music listening. Functional symmetry was increased in musicians compared to nonmusicians, and in keyboardists compared to string players. This increased functional symmetry was prominent in visual and motor brain networks. Callosal size did not significantly differ between groups except for the posterior callosum in musicians compared to nonmusicians. We conclude…
An extensive pattern of atypical neural speech-sound discrimination in newborns at risk of dyslexia.
2019
Objective: Identifying early signs of developmental dyslexia, associated with deficient speech-sound processing, is paramount to establish early interventions. We aimed to find early speech-sound processing deficiencies in dyslexia, expecting diminished and atypically lateralized event-related potentials (ERP) and mismatch responses (MMR) in newborns at dyslexia risk. Methods: ERPs were recorded to a pseudoword and its variants (vowel-duration, vowel-identity, and syllable-frequency changes) from 88 newborns at high or no familial risk. The response significance was tested, and group, laterality, and frontality effects were assessed with repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: An early positive a…
Expression of emotion through musical parameters in 3- and 5-year-olds
2019
While the use of musical parameters for emotional expression has been extensively studied, little is known about which specific musical parameters children at different ages are able to use for expressing specific emotions. We used a novel interface called Music Box that allows modification of musical parameters while music is being played in real time. Children (N = 37, 18 girls) at the age of 3 and 5 were asked to modify three parameters – tempo, loudness, and pitch – in expressing three emotions – happiness, sadness, and anger. We hypothesised that both 5-year-olds and 3-year-olds could use each of the parameters in differentiating between the emotions. Results showed that 3-year-olds we…
Inattention and Uncertainty in the Predictive Brain
2021
Negative effects of inattention on task performance can be seen in many contexts of society and human behavior, such as traffic, work, and sports. In traffic, inattention is one of the most frequently cited causal factors in accidents. In order to identify inattention and mitigate its negative effects, there is a need for quantifying attentional demands of dynamic tasks, with a credible basis in cognitive modeling and neuroscience. Recent developments in cognitive science have led to theories of cognition suggesting that brains are an advanced prediction engine. The function of this prediction engine is to support perception and action by continuously matching incoming sensory input with to…
Structural changes induced by daily music listening in the recovering brain after middle cerebral artery stroke: a voxel-based morphometry study
2014
[Abstract.] Music is a highly complex and versatile stimulus for the brain that engages many temporal, frontal, parietal, cerebellar, and subcortical areas involved in auditory, cognitive, emotional, and motor processing. Regular musical activities have been shown to effectively enhance the structure and function of many brain areas, making music a potential tool also in neuro- logical rehabilitation. In our previous randomized controlled study, we found that listening to music on a daily basis can improve cognitive recovery and improve mood after an acute mid- dle cerebral artery stroke. Extending this study, a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis utilizing cost function masking was perf…
Audiovisuaalisen puheen hyödyntäminen lasten kielihäiriön kuntoutuksessa
2020
Peer reviewed
Efecto del sildenafilo sobre un modelo de preeclampsia animal
2010
La preeclampsia (PE) es una patología especifica del embarazo que afecta a un 5-10% de estos. Aunque se la considera una enfermedad de las fases iniciales de la gestación, se manifiesta clínicamente a partir de la semana 20. Caracterizada por hipertensión, proteinuria y edema maternos, aumenta la morbimortalidad perinatal porque los fetos sufren retraso del crecimiento intrauterino y prematuridad. Aunque el cuadro clínico está ampliamente caracterizado, la etiología de la enfermedad es desconocida, están involucrados factores genéticos, inflamatorios, inmunológicos y ambientales que provocan una serie de alteraciones que conducen a una disfunción endotelial, un desequilibrio vasomotor y un …
Efecto del tabaco sobre la calidad seminal: Estudio citogenético y molecular del ADN
2008
RESUMEN A lo largo de los años, muchos han sido los factores relacionados con la infertilidad masculina, como: infecciones, varicocele (Pomerol 2002), obstrucciones y alteraciones en la producción espermática (Ballescá 2002), causas genéticas (Egozcue 2002), entre otras. Muchas veces la causa es desconocida y pueden afectar en mayor o menor medida a la calidad seminal. Sin embargo, su relación con los hábitos tóxicos ha sido motivo de investigación en los últimos años; de sus resultados se han descrito algunos agentes ambientales tóxicos que pueden deteriorar la aspermatogénesis, ejerciendo efectos nocivos a nivel pre-testicular, testicular o post-testicular (Oliva y cols. 2001, Pflieger-Br…
Correlación entre ecografia Doppler tridimensional y factores de neoangiogenesis tumoral en los miomas uterinos
2009
Pretendemos averiguar la correlación que hay entre los datos obtenidos sobre la vascularización de los miomas mediante una prueba no invasiva como es la ecografia Doppler tridimensional y los datos obtenidos mediante una prueba invasiva como es la cirugía y posterior estudio inmunohistoquímico (IHQ). 3. Objetivos : Con métodos estadísticos y con la ayuda del SPSS queremos conseguir los siguientes objetivos : Determinar si hay correlación estadísticamente significativa entre alguno de los índices de vascularización y alguno de los parámetros calculados por IHQ. Determinar las diferencias que hay entre la vascularización del mioma y la vascularización del tejido miometrial sano. 4. Material y…
Análisis genético de la enfermedad celiaca
2010
La Enfermedad Celiaca (EC) es de origen multifactorial (gluten y otros factores ambientales no bien definidos) y poligénico. La predisposición genética viene dada por la tasa de concordancia entre familiares de primer grado (10%) y la tasa de concordancia entre gemelos monocigotos de hasta un 70%. Los genes del sistema HLA (antígeno Humano de Histocompatibilidad) case II han sido identificados como factores de riego genético claves en la susceptibilidad de la EC otorgándoles un 40% del riesgo genético global. En nuestra población española (Comunidad Valenciana) se analizó la asociación entre los genes HLA clase II y EC. En nuestra muestra se han estudiado a un total de 185 pacientes (que cu…