Search results for "61"

showing 10 items of 3634 documents

Action in Perception: Prominent Visuo-Motor Functional Symmetry in Musicians during Music Listening.

2015

Musical training leads to sensory and motor neuroplastic changes in the human brain. Motivated by findings on enlarged corpus callosum in musicians and asymmetric somatomotor representation in string players, we investigated the relationship between musical training, callosal anatomy, and interhemispheric functional symmetry during music listening. Functional symmetry was increased in musicians compared to nonmusicians, and in keyboardists compared to string players. This increased functional symmetry was prominent in visual and motor brain networks. Callosal size did not significantly differ between groups except for the posterior callosum in musicians compared to nonmusicians. We conclude…

6162 Cognitive scienceAuditory perceptionAdultMalemusic perceptionINFORMATIONmedia_common.quotation_subjectSEGMENTATIONmotor brain networkslcsh:MedicineSensory systemINTERHEMISPHERIC-TRANSFERAuditory cortexCorpus callosumta3112corpus callosumCORTICAL REPRESENTATIONPerceptionNeuroplasticitymedicineHumansPLASTICITYlcsh:ScienceLIFE-SPANmedia_commonCOORDINATIONMultidisciplinarymedicine.diagnostic_testMusic psychologylcsh:Rfunctional symmetryCORPUS-CALLOSUM SIZEHUMAN BRAINRadiographyvisual brain networksta6131Auditory PerceptionFemalelcsh:QSensorimotor CortexPsychologyFunctional magnetic resonance imagingMusicAUDITORY-CORTEXCognitive psychologyResearch Articlemusical trainingPLoS ONE
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An extensive pattern of atypical neural speech-sound discrimination in newborns at risk of dyslexia.

2019

Objective: Identifying early signs of developmental dyslexia, associated with deficient speech-sound processing, is paramount to establish early interventions. We aimed to find early speech-sound processing deficiencies in dyslexia, expecting diminished and atypically lateralized event-related potentials (ERP) and mismatch responses (MMR) in newborns at dyslexia risk. Methods: ERPs were recorded to a pseudoword and its variants (vowel-duration, vowel-identity, and syllable-frequency changes) from 88 newborns at high or no familial risk. The response significance was tested, and group, laterality, and frontality effects were assessed with repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: An early positive a…

6162 Cognitive scienceMaleSpeech soundAudiologyEvent-related potential (ERP)Dyslexia0302 clinical medicineEARLY LANGUAGE-ACQUISITIONnewbornMedicineFAMILIAL RISKAuditoryBRAIN RESPONSES05 social sciencesevent-related potential (ERP)ElectroencephalographySensory SystemsLanguage developmentNeurologyLateralityEvoked Potentials AuditorySpeech PerceptionFemaleAnalysis of variancespeech soundpsychological phenomena and processesmedicine.medical_specialty515 PsychologyMISMATCH NEGATIVITY MMNCORTICAL RESPONSESEVENT-RELATED POTENTIALSGENETIC RISKbehavioral disciplines and activities050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciencesSpeech discriminationEvent-related potentialPhoneticsPhysiology (medical)Vowelotorhinolaryngologic diseasesdysleksiaHumansSpeech0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesauditoryAUDITORY-DISCRIMINATIONMismatch response (MMR)vastasyntyneetAuditory Cortexbusiness.industrypuheääni3112 NeurosciencesDyslexiaInfant NewbornNewbornmismatch response (MMR)medicine.diseaseta3124PseudowordPHONEME MISMATCHAcoustic StimulationDEVELOPMENTAL DYSLEXIANeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
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Expression of emotion through musical parameters in 3- and 5-year-olds

2019

While the use of musical parameters for emotional expression has been extensively studied, little is known about which specific musical parameters children at different ages are able to use for expressing specific emotions. We used a novel interface called Music Box that allows modification of musical parameters while music is being played in real time. Children (N = 37, 18 girls) at the age of 3 and 5 were asked to modify three parameters – tempo, loudness, and pitch – in expressing three emotions – happiness, sadness, and anger. We hypothesised that both 5-year-olds and 3-year-olds could use each of the parameters in differentiating between the emotions. Results showed that 3-year-olds we…

6162 Cognitive scienceMusic therapy515 Psychologymedia_common.quotation_subjectEmotion classificationmusical parametersCOMMUNICATIONMusicalbehavioral disciplines and activities050105 experimental psychology060404 musicEducationDevelopmental psychologychildrenPerception0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesEmotional expressionmedia_commonPERCEPTION05 social sciences06 humanities and the artsPERFORMANCEMusic educationSkill developmenthumanitiesExpression (architecture)Emotional expressionbasic emotionsPsychologyhuman activities0604 artsMusicRESPONSESMusic Education Research
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Inattention and Uncertainty in the Predictive Brain

2021

Negative effects of inattention on task performance can be seen in many contexts of society and human behavior, such as traffic, work, and sports. In traffic, inattention is one of the most frequently cited causal factors in accidents. In order to identify inattention and mitigate its negative effects, there is a need for quantifying attentional demands of dynamic tasks, with a credible basis in cognitive modeling and neuroscience. Recent developments in cognitive science have led to theories of cognition suggesting that brains are an advanced prediction engine. The function of this prediction engine is to support perception and action by continuously matching incoming sensory input with to…

6162 Cognitive sciencecomputational modelingMatching (statistics)Computer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectpredictive processingappropriate uncertaintyocclusionTask (project management)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNeuroimagingPerceptiondrivingRC346-429Function (engineering)tarkkaavaisuusennakointi030304 developmental biologymedia_common0303 health sciencesCognitionkognitiiviset prosessitepävarmuusautoilijatAction (philosophy)NormativeNeurology. Diseases of the nervous system030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCognitive psychology
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Structural changes induced by daily music listening in the recovering brain after middle cerebral artery stroke: a voxel-based morphometry study

2014

[Abstract.] Music is a highly complex and versatile stimulus for the brain that engages many temporal, frontal, parietal, cerebellar, and subcortical areas involved in auditory, cognitive, emotional, and motor processing. Regular musical activities have been shown to effectively enhance the structure and function of many brain areas, making music a potential tool also in neuro- logical rehabilitation. In our previous randomized controlled study, we found that listening to music on a daily basis can improve cognitive recovery and improve mood after an acute mid- dle cerebral artery stroke. Extending this study, a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis utilizing cost function masking was perf…

6162 Cognitive sciencespeechAudiologyBehavioral NeuroscienceEARLY-ONSET STIMULATIONSPATIAL NORMALIZATIONArcuate fasciculusmagnetic resonance imagingCerebrovascular diseaseOriginal ResearchSUPPORTED THERAPYmagneettikuvausstrokehumanitiesPsychiatry and Mental healthNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyNeuroplasticitatta6131PsychologyMalalties cerebrovascularsmedicine.medical_specialtyCOST FUNCTION MASKING515 PsychologyneuroplasticitymusiikkiAuditory cortexbehavioral disciplines and activitiesLateralization of brain functionlcsh:RC321-571rehabilitationMagnetic resonance imagingWORKING-MEMORYImatges per ressonància magnèticamedicinevoxel-based morphometrymusicneuroplastisuuslcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiological PsychiatryAnterior cingulate cortexWorking memoryENRICHED-ENVIRONMENTARCUATE FASCICULUSVoxel-based morphometryta3124Superior frontal gyrusenvironmental enrichmentkuntoutusNeuroplasticity3111 BiomedicineVerbal memorySENSORIMOTOR CORTEXNeuroscienceMusicNeuroscienceMúsicaAUDITORY-CORTEXNEUROTROPHIC FACTOR
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Audiovisuaalisen puheen hyödyntäminen lasten kielihäiriön kuntoutuksessa

2020

Peer reviewed

6163 Logopediakielelliset häiriöteducationpuhehäiriötkuntoutushuuliltaluku6162 Kognitiotiedeaudiovisuaalinen aineistofonologinen tietoisuus
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Efecto del sildenafilo sobre un modelo de preeclampsia animal

2010

La preeclampsia (PE) es una patología especifica del embarazo que afecta a un 5-10% de estos. Aunque se la considera una enfermedad de las fases iniciales de la gestación, se manifiesta clínicamente a partir de la semana 20. Caracterizada por hipertensión, proteinuria y edema maternos, aumenta la morbimortalidad perinatal porque los fetos sufren retraso del crecimiento intrauterino y prematuridad. Aunque el cuadro clínico está ampliamente caracterizado, la etiología de la enfermedad es desconocida, están involucrados factores genéticos, inflamatorios, inmunológicos y ambientales que provocan una serie de alteraciones que conducen a una disfunción endotelial, un desequilibrio vasomotor y un …

618Facultat de medicina i OdontologiaGinecologia. Obstetricia
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Efecto del tabaco sobre la calidad seminal: Estudio citogenético y molecular del ADN

2008

RESUMEN A lo largo de los años, muchos han sido los factores relacionados con la infertilidad masculina, como: infecciones, varicocele (Pomerol 2002), obstrucciones y alteraciones en la producción espermática (Ballescá 2002), causas genéticas (Egozcue 2002), entre otras. Muchas veces la causa es desconocida y pueden afectar en mayor o menor medida a la calidad seminal. Sin embargo, su relación con los hábitos tóxicos ha sido motivo de investigación en los últimos años; de sus resultados se han descrito algunos agentes ambientales tóxicos que pueden deteriorar la aspermatogénesis, ejerciendo efectos nocivos a nivel pre-testicular, testicular o post-testicular (Oliva y cols. 2001, Pflieger-Br…

618Genética clínicaPediatría
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Correlación entre ecografia Doppler tridimensional y factores de neoangiogenesis tumoral en los miomas uterinos

2009

Pretendemos averiguar la correlación que hay entre los datos obtenidos sobre la vascularización de los miomas mediante una prueba no invasiva como es la ecografia Doppler tridimensional y los datos obtenidos mediante una prueba invasiva como es la cirugía y posterior estudio inmunohistoquímico (IHQ). 3. Objetivos : Con métodos estadísticos y con la ayuda del SPSS queremos conseguir los siguientes objetivos : Determinar si hay correlación estadísticamente significativa entre alguno de los índices de vascularización y alguno de los parámetros calculados por IHQ. Determinar las diferencias que hay entre la vascularización del mioma y la vascularización del tejido miometrial sano. 4. Material y…

618Ginecologia. ObstetriciaFacultat de Medicina
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Análisis genético de la enfermedad celiaca

2010

La Enfermedad Celiaca (EC) es de origen multifactorial (gluten y otros factores ambientales no bien definidos) y poligénico. La predisposición genética viene dada por la tasa de concordancia entre familiares de primer grado (10%) y la tasa de concordancia entre gemelos monocigotos de hasta un 70%. Los genes del sistema HLA (antígeno Humano de Histocompatibilidad) case II han sido identificados como factores de riego genético claves en la susceptibilidad de la EC otorgándoles un 40% del riesgo genético global. En nuestra población española (Comunidad Valenciana) se analizó la asociación entre los genes HLA clase II y EC. En nuestra muestra se han estudiado a un total de 185 pacientes (que cu…

618Ginecologia. ObstetriciaFacultat de Medicina
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