Search results for "72"

showing 10 items of 1431 documents

Homeostasis of Microglia in the Adult Brain: Review of Novel Microglia Depletion Systems.

2015

Microglia are brain macrophages that emerge from early erythro-myeloid precursors in the embryonic yolk sac and migrate to the brain mesenchyme before the blood brain barrier is formed. They seed the brain, and proliferate until they have formed a grid-like distribution in the central nervous system that is maintained throughout lifespan. The mechanisms through which these embryonic-derived cells contribute to microglia homoeostasis at steady state and upon inflammation are still not entirely clear. Here we review recent studies that provided insight into the contribution of embryonically-derived microglia and of adult 'microglia-like' cells derived from monocytes during inflammation. We ex…

NeuroimmunomodulationCellular differentiationMesenchymeImmunologyCentral nervous systemEmbryonic DevelopmentInflammation610 Medicine & healthBiologyBlood–brain barrier10263 Institute of Experimental ImmunologymedicineImmunology and AllergyAnimalsHomeostasisHumansNeuroinflammationInflammation2403 ImmunologyMicrogliaMacrophagesBrainCell DifferentiationEmbryonic stem cellDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologyModels Animal2723 Immunology and Allergy570 Life sciences; biologyMicrogliamedicine.symptomTrends in immunology
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Genetic and Environmental Controls on Nitrous Oxide Accumulation in Lakes

2015

We studied potential links between environmental factors, nitrous oxide (N2O) accumulation, and genetic indicators of nitrite and N2O reducing bacteria in 12 boreal lakes. Denitrifying bacteria were investigated by quantifying genes encoding nitrite and N2O reductases (nirS/nirK and nosZ, respectively, including the two phylogenetically distinct clades nosZ(I) and nosZ(II)) in lake sediments. Summertime N2O accumulation and hypolimnetic nitrate concentrations were positively correlated both at the inter-lake scale and within a depth transect of an individual lake (Lake Vanajavesi). The variability in the individual nirS, nirK, nosZ(I), and nosZ(II) gene abundances was high (up to tenfold) a…

Nitrite ReductasesDenitrificationEND-PRODUCTNitrous Oxidelcsh:MedicineDenitrifying bacteriachemistry.chemical_compoundWater columnBacterial ProteinsNitrateEcosystemNitritelcsh:ScienceEcosystemta1191172 Environmental sciencesMultidisciplinaryBacteriaChemistryEcologyMICROBIAL COMMUNITYlcsh:RN2OLake ecosystemta1182NATURAL WATERSGene Expression Regulation BacterialDENITRIFICATIONequipment and suppliesSOILSLakesDENITRIFYING BACTERIA13. Climate actionEnvironmental chemistrylcsh:QSeasonsHypolimnionOxidoreductasesWater MicrobiologyRIBOSOMAL-RNAnitrous oxide (N2O) accumulationResearch ArticleNOSZ GENESNITRATE
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Metagenomic insights into strategies of aerobic and anaerobic carbon and nitrogen transformation in boreal lakes

2015

Thousands of net-heterotrophic and strongly stratifying lakes dominate the boreal landscape. Besides their central role as emitters of greenhouse gases, we have only recently begun to understand the microbial systems driving the metabolic processes and elemental cycles in these lakes. Using shotgun metagenomics, we show that the functional potential differs among lake types, with humic lakes being particularly enriched in carbon degradation genes. Most of the metabolic pathways exhibit oxygen- and temperature-dependent stratification over depth, coinciding with shifts in bacterial community composition, implying that stratification is a major factor controlling lake metabolism. In the botto…

Nitrogenta1172boreal lakesOceanografi hydrologi och vattenresurserBiologymicrobial ecologyArticleBacteria AnaerobicOceanography Hydrology and Water ResourcesWater columncarbon cyclenitrogen cycleCompounds of carbon14. Life underwaterAutotrophNitrogen cyclechemistry.chemical_classificationmetagenomicsMultidisciplinaryEcologyhiilen kiertota1183WaterAnoxic waters6. Clean waterCarbonBacteria AerobicOxygenmikrobiekologiaLakeschemistryBoreal13. Climate actionMetagenomicsGreenhouse gasta1181Water Microbiology
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Non-cooperative game theory based stepwise power tariff model using Monte-Carle simulation for agricultural consumers

2019

Abstract In the present study the concept of non-cooperative game theory is proposed in the retail electricity market for introducing stepwise power tariff model (SPT) for agricultural consumers. The objective of the paper is to increase the energy generation through green energy generation sources (GEGS), introduction of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, education of families, standard wiring and appliance efficiency in tariffs for agricultural consumers with non-cooperative game theory. Agricultural consumers are able to generate a huge amount of electricity through GEGS and are able to control the consumption in their own way, and the non-cooperative game theory is introduced. Energy con…

Non-cooperative gameretail electricity marketComputer sciencebusiness.industryS020209 energyAgriculture (General)020208 electrical & electronic engineeringTariffAgriculture02 engineering and technologyplug-in hybrid electric vehiclesnon-cooperative game theoryPower (physics)Theory basedS1-972MicroeconomicsAgriculturegreen energy generation sources0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciencesbusinessstepwise power tariff modelOpen Agriculture
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"Table 1" of "t anti-t production cross-section in p anti-p collisions at s**(1/2) = 1.8-TeV"

2002

Measured top quark pair production cross section in the different channels and the various averages, including the overall average.

Nonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems1800.0High Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyIntegrated Cross SectionPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersExclusive1.727E+061.727E+06Cross SectionSIGPBAR P --> TQ TQBAR
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Dislocation mobility study of heavy ion induced track damage in LiF crystals

2008

Track damage created in LiF crystals by swift U, Kr, Xe and Ni ions with a specific energy of 11.1 MeV/u was studied using dislocation mobility measurements, track etching, SEM, AFM and optical microscopy. The results demonstrate continuity of etching of U tracks while discontinuities of etching are observed in the case of Xe ions. The relationship between the track structure and dislocation mobility in irradiated crystals is discussed. The dislocation mobility technique can serve as a highly sensitive method for track core damage studies.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials science[PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]LiFmacromolecular substances02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesIon tracksIonlaw.inventionPACS: 61.80.Jh; 65.72.FfCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOptical microscopelawEtching (microfabrication)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Specific energyInstrumentation010302 applied physicsTrack etchingIon trackTrack (disk drive)fungitechnology industry and agricultureDislocation mobility021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology[PHYS.COND.CM-MS] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Core (optical fiber)[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Atomic physicsDislocation0210 nano-technologyNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Heavy-antiquark–diquark symmetry and heavy hadron molecules: Are there triply heavy pentaquarks?

2013

We explore the consequences of heavy flavor, heavy quark spin, and heavy antiquark-diquark symmetries for hadronic molecules within an effective field theory framework. Owing to heavy antiquark-diquark symmetry, the doubly heavy baryons have approximately the same light-quark structure as the heavy antimesons. As a consequence, the existence of a heavy meson-antimeson molecule implies the possibility of a partner composed of a heavy meson and a doubly heavy baryon. In this regard, the D (D) over bar* molecular nature of the X(3872) will hint at the existence of several baryonic partners with isospin I = 0 and J(P) = 5(-)/2 or 3(-)/2. Moreover, if the Z(b)(10650) turns out to be a B*(B) over…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMesonHigh Energy Physics::LatticeNuclear TheoryHadronFOS: Physical sciencesSkyrme model01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesBound stateBaryonsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaQuantum number3. Good healthBaryonDiquarkHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyIsospinHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentX(3872)Physical Review D
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Detecting the long-distance structure of the X(3872)

2014

We study the X(3872)-->D^0 \bar D^0 \pi^0 decay within a D \bar D^* molecular picture for the X(3872) state. This decay mode is more sensitive to the long-distance structure of the X(3872) resonance than its J/\psi\pi\pi and J/\psi3\pi decays, which are mainly controlled by the details of the X(3872) wave function at short distances. We show that the D^0 \bar D^0 final state interaction can be important, and that a precise measurement of this partial decay width can provide valuable information on the interaction strength between the D^{(*)} \bar D^{(*)} charm mesons.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMeson[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th][SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]Structure (category theory)FOS: Physical sciencesInteraction strength01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - Experiment[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsWave functionComputer Science::DatabasesPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyResonanceFísicaHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentBar (unit)X(3872)
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An improved limit for Γee of X(3872) and Γee measurement of ψ(3686)

2015

Using the data sets taken at center-of-mass energies above 4 GeV by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring, we search for the reaction e+e−→γISRX(3872)→γISRπ+π−J/ψ via the Initial State Radiation technique. The production of a resonance with quantum numbers JPC=1++ such as the X(3872) via single photon e+e− annihilation is forbidden, but is allowed by a next-to-leading order box diagram. We do not observe a significant signal of X(3872) , and therefore give an upper limit for the electronic width times the branching fraction ΓeeX(3872)B(X(3872)→π+π−J/ψ)<0.13 eV at the 90% confidence level. This measurement improves upon existing limits by a factor of 46. U…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsX(3872)BESIII; Charmonium spectroscopy; X(3872); Γ; ee; ψ(3686)ψ(3686)ΓBESIIIBESIII; Charmonium spectroscopy; X(3872); Γee; ψ(3686); Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsCharmonium spectroscopyΓeeeelcsh:Physicslcsh:QC1-999
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Irradiation induced defects in fluorine doped silica

2008

International audience; The role of fluorine doping in the response to UV pulsed laser and c radiation of silica preforms and fibers was studied using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Exposure to radiation mainly generates E0 centers, with the same effectiveness in fibers and in preforms. The E'concentration in F-doped silica fibers is found to increase with UV energy fluence till a saturation value, consistently with a precursor conversion process. These results show the fluorine role in reducing the strained Si–O bonds thus improving the radiation hardness of silica, also after drawing process.

Nuclear and High Energy Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Optical fiberMaterials scienceOptical fiberDopingchemistry.chemical_elementSilicaPhotochemistryCrystallographic defectSilica irradiation effects fluorine dopinglaw.inventionNuclear magnetic resonancechemistrylawElectron spin resonanceHalogenPACS: 71.55.Jv; 61.72.Ww; 76.30.Mi; 61.80.Ed; 61.80.BaFluorineDefectsIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceSpectroscopyInstrumentationFluorine doping
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