Search results for "ACTIVATION"

showing 10 items of 2079 documents

Efficient pruning of multilayer perceptrons using a fuzzy sigmoid activation function

2006

This Letter presents a simple and powerful pruning method for multilayer feed forward neural networks based on the fuzzy sigmoid activation function presented in [E. Soria, J. Martin, G. Camps, A. Serrano, J. Calpe, L. Gomez, A low-complexity fuzzy activation function for artificial neural networks, IEEE Trans. Neural Networks 14(6) (2003) 1576-1579]. Successful performance is obtained in standard function approximation and channel equalization problems. Pruning allows to reduce network complexity considerably, achieving a similar performance to that obtained by unpruned networks.

Artificial neural networkComputer sciencebusiness.industryTime delay neural networkCognitive NeuroscienceActivation functionRectifier (neural networks)PerceptronFuzzy logicComputer Science ApplicationsArtificial IntelligenceMultilayer perceptronFeedforward neural networkPruning (decision trees)Artificial intelligenceTypes of artificial neural networksbusinessNeurocomputing
researchProduct

Efficient MLP Digital Implementation on FPGA

2005

The efficiency and the accuracy of a digital feed-forward neural networks must be optimized to obtain both high classification rate and minimum area on chip. In this paper an efficient MLP digital implementation. The key features of the hardware implementation are the virtual neuron based architecture and the use of the sinusoidal activation function for the hidden layer. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions has been evaluated developing different FPGA based neural prototypes for the High Energy Physics domain and the automatic Road Sign Recognition domain. The use of the sinusoidal activation function decreases hardware resource employment of about 32% when compared with the standar…

Artificial neural networkbusiness.industryComputer scienceActivation functionField programmable gate arrays (FPGA)Sigmoid functionartificial neuralMachine learningcomputer.software_genreTransfer functionDomain (software engineering)Feedforward neural networkSystem on a chipArtificial intelligencebusinessField-programmable gate arraycomputerComputer hardwareNeural networks
researchProduct

Beta Decay Studies of Neutron Rich Nuclei Using Total Absorption Gamma-ray Spectroscopy and Delayed Neutron Measurements

2010

International audience; A complete characterisation of the β-decay of neutron-rich nuclei can be obtained from the measurement of β-delayed gamma rays and, whenever the process is energetically possible, β-delayed neutrons. The accurate determination of the β-intensity distribution and the β-delayed neutron emission probability is of great relevance in the fields of reactor technology and nuclear astrophysics. A programme for combined measurements using the total absorption gamma-ray spectroscopy technique and both neutron counters and neutron time-of-flight spectrometers is presented.

Astrofísica nuclearNeutron emissionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNuclear TheoryGeneral Physics and AstronomyBeta decayNeutron scattering[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsPrompt neutronNuclear Technology0103 physical sciencesNuclear AstrophysicsNeutron cross sectionNeutronDelayed neutrons emission010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentSpectroscopyPhysics:Energies::Energia nuclear [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Total Absorption Gamma-Rayta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsRadioactivitat betaNeutron stimulated emission computed tomographyBeta DecayDelayed Neutron Emission3. Good healthNeutron Detectors23.40.Bw 29.30.KvNuclear astrophysicsPrompt neutronsDelayed neutronNeutron activation
researchProduct

Arginine vasopressin, via activation of post-junctional V1 receptors, induces contractile effects in mouse distal colon

2013

The aim of this study was to analyze whether arginine vasopressin (AVP) may be considered a modulator of intestinal motility. In this view, we evaluated, in vitro, the effects induced by exogenous administration of AVP on the contractility of mouse distal colon, the subtype(s) of receptor(s) activated and the action mechanism. Isometric recordings were performed on longitudinal and circular muscle strips of mouse distal colon. AVP (0.001 nM-100 nM) caused concentration-dependent contractile effects only on the longitudinal muscle, antagonized by the V1 receptor antagonist, V-1880. AVP-induced effect was not modified by tetrodotoxin, atropine and indomethacin. Contractile response to AVP was…

AtropineMaleReceptors Vasopressinmedicine.medical_specialtyVasopressinCarbacholNifedipineColonPhysiologyIndomethacinClinical BiochemistryMuscarinic AntagonistsTetrodotoxinCholinergic AgonistsIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyBiochemistryContractilityMiceCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundPhosphoinositide Phospholipase CEndocrinologyInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsCyclooxygenase InhibitorsReceptorVasopressin receptorPhospholipase CArginine vasopressin receptor 1AMuscle SmoothCalcium Channel BlockersArginine vasopressinIntestinalcontractility V1 receptorsPhospholipase C Mouse colonArginine VasopressinEnzyme ActivationMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologychemistryCarbacholGastrointestinal MotilityCyclopiazonic acidhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsMuscle ContractionSignal Transductionmedicine.drugRegulatory Peptides
researchProduct

The Oculo-auricular Phenomenon in Brain-Stem Disease

1993

The oculo-auricular phenomenon (OAP), as described by Wilson in 1908 [26], consists of bilateral coactivation of external ear muscles during lateral gaze. Two ear muscles are innervated by motoneurons of the medial part of the facial nucleus [9, 25]: the transverse auricular muscle (TAM) (Fig. 1), which adducts and curls the helix of the auricle, and the posterior auricular muscle (Fig. 2), which moves the whole auricle backwards [3, 16, 22].

AuricleFacial NucleusFacial motor nucleusbusiness.industryAnatomyMedial longitudinal fasciculusCoactivationstomatognathic diseasesEar musclemedicine.anatomical_structurePosterior auricular muscleotorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicinesense organsbusinessBrain stem disease
researchProduct

Determination of elemental levels in medicinally important Indian leaves by instrumental neutron activation analysis

1998

Levels of As, Ba, Br, Ca, Ce, Cl, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hg, I, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Sr, Th, Zn, and U have been determined in ten leaves widely used in ayurvedic medicine by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The neutron irradiations were performed with a 100 kW Triga nuclear reactor and the induced activity was counted with a gamma-ray spectrometer. Based on elemental levels obtained the utility of these leaves in medicine are discussed.

Ayurvedic medicineSpectrometerChemistryHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisRadiochemistryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthNuclear reactorPollutionAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionTRIGANuclear Energy and EngineeringlawRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeutronNeutron activation analysisSpectroscopyNeutron activationNuclear chemistryJournal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry
researchProduct

A combined experimental and theoretical study of the thermal cycloaddition of aryl azides with activated alkenes.

2011

International audience; Reactions were performed from aryl azides on the one hand, and activated alkenes coming from β-dicarbonyl compounds or malonodinitrile on the other hand, either with recourse to conventional heating or to microwave activation, to afford 1-aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles. The mechanism and the regioselectivity of the reactions involving β-dicarbonyl compounds have been theoretically studied using DFT methods at the B3LYP/6-31G* level: they are domino processes comprising a tautomeric equilibrium of the β-dicarbonyl compounds with their enol forms, a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the enol forms with the aryl azides (high activation energy), and a dehydration process (lower acti…

AzidesAntifungal AgentsAntineoplastic AgentsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsActivation energyAlkenes010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundCell Line TumorThermalHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMicrowavesMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistry[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryArylOrganic ChemistryTemperatureRegioselectivityStereoisomerismTriazolesEnolCombinatorial chemistryTautomerCycloadditionAnti-Bacterial Agents0104 chemical sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrychemistryCyclizationQuantum TheoryDegradation (geology)Drug Screening Assays Antitumor
researchProduct

Application of viability PCR to discriminate the infectivity of hepatitis A virus in food samples.

2015

Abstract Transmitted through the fecal–oral route, the hepatitis A virus (HAV) is acquired primarily through close personal contact and foodborne transmission. HAV detection in food is mainly carried out by quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). The discrimination of infectious and inactivated viruses remains a key obstacle when using RT-qPCR to quantify enteric viruses in food samples. Initially, viability dyes, propidium monoazide (PMA) and ethidium monoazide (EMA), were evaluated for the detection and quantification of infectious HAV in lettuce wash water. Results showed that PMA combined with 0.5% Triton X-100 (Triton) was the best pretreatment to assess HAV infectivity and completely eliminate…

AzidesHot TemperatureOctoxynolvirusesReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionMicrobiologyVirusMicrobiologyCell LinePropidium monoazideVegetablesAnimalsShellfishInfectivityMicrobial ViabilitybiologyInoculationvirus diseasesGeneral MedicineHepatitis Abiology.organism_classificationHepatitis a virusBivalviaReal-time polymerase chain reactionFood MicrobiologySpinachRNA ViralVirus InactivationIndicators and ReagentsHepatitis A virusFood SciencePropidiumInternational journal of food microbiology
researchProduct

Direct subphthalocyanine conjugation to bombesin vs. indirect conjugation to its lipidic nanocarrier

2016

International audience; Bombesin (BBN) was covalently bound to graftable subphthalocyanine (SubPc) or to a cholesterol derivative, a component of a liposome that encapsulates non-graftable SubPc. The latter bioconjugation approach was suitable to address the stability of SubPc and was achieved by copper-free click-chemistry on the outer-face of the liposome. Liposomes were purified (FPLC) and then analyzed in size (outer diameter about 60 nm measured by DLS). In vitro binding studies allowed to determine the IC50 13.9 nM for one component of the liposome, cholesterol, conjugated to BBN. Hence, azido- (or alkynyl-) liposomes give fluorophores with no reactive functional group available on th…

AzidesIndolesStereochemistryefficacyConjugated systemIsoindoles010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistry[ CHIM ] Chemical Scienceschemistry.chemical_compound[ CHIM.ORGA ] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrysilicon phthalocyaninesmelanoma-cellsLiposomeBioconjugationfluorescent[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryBombesinFast protein liquid chromatographyCombinatorial chemistryFluorescence0104 chemical sciencesNanostructuresmelanocyteschemistryphotodynamic therapyCovalent bondAlkynesLiposomesBombesinactivationNanocarriers
researchProduct

Chemistry inside molecular containers in the gas phase.

2013

Inner-phase chemical reactions of guest molecules encapsulated in a macromolecular cavity give fundamental insight into the relative stabilization of transition states by the surrounding walls of the host, thereby modelling the situation of substrates in enzymatic binding pockets. Although in solution several examples of inner-phase reactions are known, the use of cucurbiturils as macrocyclic hosts and bicyclic azoalkanes as guests has now enabled a systematic mass spectrometric investigation of inner-phase reactions in the gas phase, where typically the supply of thermal energy results in dissociation of the supramolecular host-guest assembly. The results reveal a sensitive interplay in wh…

Bicyclic molecule010405 organic chemistryChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral ChemistryActivation energy010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthGas phaseChemical physicsCucurbiturilta116Nature chemistry
researchProduct