Search results for "AGRICULTURE"
showing 10 items of 3315 documents
Évolutions récentes de l'agriculture française. Analyse géographique des tendances régionales et de la mise en place d'un nouveau dispositif d'aménag…
2005
The recent transformations in French agriculture and the emergence of the concept of sustainable development in the last decade have pushed politicians to defining new measures, of which most concern agriculture. The analysis of agricultural systems leads nowadays to studies on interactions with the physical, economical or social environment. The subject of this thesis is related to this context. Firstly, we propose to analyze the recent evolutions in French agriculture, particularly in the last mandate during which the most radical transformations occurred. It is of particular interest to identify, besides the general situation of French agriculture, the differences in evolution between th…
Wybrane problemy zrównoważonej intensyfikacji rolnictwa na przykładzie badań w województwie opolskim
2017
Celem opracowania jest identyfikacja problemów związanych z wdrażaniem w gospodarstwach rolnych województwa opolskiego strategii zrównoważonej intensyfikacji. Materiał pierwotny do badań zebrano w 2014 roku metodą wywiadu kwestionariuszowego w 100 celowo dobranych gospodarstwach rolnych o powierzchni powyżej 10 ha UR w subregionach reprezentatywnych dla rolnictwa regionu. Na podstawie badań stwierdzono, że rolnicy najczęściej wybierają trajektorię rozwojową, polegającą na powiększaniu areału posiadanej ziemi, przy jednoczesnym dostarczaniu dodatkowych usług środowiskowych. W opinii badanych rolników regulowana normami środowiskowymi intensyfikacja produkcji rodzi potrzebę ciągłego uczenia s…
Agri-food Clusters as an Opportunity for Development of Border Rural Areas
2016
Cooperation within the framework of euroregions of the European Union is an answer to challenges posed by global economy and not merely an instrument to reduce negative external effects which exist in peripheral areas. In the long-term perspective, cooperation should serve to: ensure stability of natural capital, dissemination of knowledge and innovation as well as break the convention of simple industrialization thanks to the feedback of network economy. The sole meeting point of the three processes is a territory, the delineation of which should be executed by social actors capable of identifying resources that are available on it. The authors of the article present the justification of t…
Sustainable Fertilization in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
2015
The nutrient level in the soil is one of the most investigated aspects of agricultural research, also including research into Medicinal and Aromatic plants. The effect of fertilization has been studied in detail for many species, with contrasting results as concerns above all the qualitative aspects of production. Generally speaking, an increased level of nutrients induces an enhancement of plant biomass, but when the goal of cultivation is different from herbage yield, i.e. when a special plant part (seeds, or roots, or flowers) is of interest, or when the quality features are especially important, the outcome of fertilization may be dramatically different. A fine-tuned fertilization pract…
Solving Conflicts among Conservation, Economic, and Social Objectives in Boreal Production Forest Landscapes: Fennoscandian Perspectives
2018
This chapter discusses challenges and possibilities involved in preserving biological diversity and the diversity of ecosystem services in the boreal zone and yet at the same time maintaining intensive timber extraction in boreal forests. Our focus is on Fennoscandian forests at the landscapes level, and we consider economic, social and ecological in the sustainability of forest management. We provide an outlook to boreal forest ecosystems and their history, and an overview of the forestry practices and policies that aim to ensure multi-functionality of Fennoscandian forests, i.e. diversity of efforts on sustaining biodiversity, timber production and other ecosystem services from forest lan…
Simultaneous optimization of harvest schedule and measurement strategy
2013
In many recent studies, the value of forest inventory information in the harvest scheduling has been examined. Usually only the profitability of measuring simultaneously all the stands in the area is examined. Yet, it may be more profitable to concentrate the measurement efforts to some subset of them. In this paper, the authors demonstrate that stochastic optimization can be used for defining the optimal measurement strategy simultaneously with the harvest decisions. The results show that without end-inventory constraints, it was most profitable to measure the stands that were just below the medium age. Measuring the oldest stands was not profitable at all. It turned out to be profitable t…
Biomass estimator for NIR image with a few additional spectral band images taken from light UAS
2012
A novel way to produce biomass estimation will offer possibilities for precision farming. Fertilizer prediction maps can be made based on accurate biomass estimation generated by a novel biomass estimator. By using this knowledge, a variable rate amount of fertilizers can be applied during the growing season. The innovation consists of light UAS, a high spatial resolution camera, and VTT's novel spectral camera. A few properly selected spectral wavelengths with NIR images and point clouds extracted by automatic image matching have been used in the estimation. The spectral wavelengths were chosen from green, red, and NIR channels.
Methods for estimating forest stem volumes by tree species using digital surface model and CIR images taken from light UAS
2012
In this paper we consider methods for estimating forest tree stem volumes by species using images taken from light unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). Instead of using LiDAR and additional multiband imagery a color infrared camera mounted to a light UAS is used to acquire both imagery and the DSM of target area. The goal of this study is to accurately estimate tree stem volumes in three classes. The status of the ongoing work is described and an initial method for delineating and classifying treetops is presented.
Agricultural potential of anaerobically digested industrial orange waste with and without aerobic posttreatment
2012
The potential of anaerobically digested orange waste with (AAD) and without (AD) aerobic post-treatment for use in agriculture was evaluated through chemical analyses, short-term phytotoxicity and long-term plant assays. Chemical analyses showed that AD contained ammonia and organic acids, and aerobic post-treatment did not significantly remove these phytotoxins. The N:P2O5:K2O ratio in AD was 1:0.26:0.96 and aerobic post-treatment did not change the composition in AAD except for K2O (1:0.26:1.24). Heavy metal contents in AD and AAD were more or less the same and were below the upper limit recommended for non-sewage sludge application on agricultural soils. Short-term phytotoxicity tests sh…
The effects of different combinations of fixed and moving bed bioreactors on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) growth and health, water quality and…
2019
The effect of bioreactor design on nitrification efficiency has been well studied, but less is known about the overall impacts on water quality. Besides nitrification, submerged fixed bed bioreactors (FBBR) trap fine solid particles, whereas moving bed bioreactors (MBBR) grind solids, possibly increasing solids and particle accumulation in the system. In this experiment, the effects of different combinations of fixed bed and moving bed bioreactors on water quality, solids removal, particle size distribution, fish health based on histopathological changes and nitrification efficiency were studied in laboratory scale recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus myk…