Search results for "ANDROGENS"

Color Signals in the Black Grouse (Tetrao tetrix): Signal Properties and Their Condition Dependency

2009

Recent progress in techniques of quantifying between-individual differences of color-based ornaments has revealed undiscovered possibilities for research in sexual selection. We present how the color spectra data can be comprehensively used for studying the importance of sexual ornaments in the black grouse and how these ornaments are related to a male condition. For this, we used both correlative field and experimental data. Field data indicated that older males had more chromatic coloration than yearlings. Blue chroma of males was correlated with male mating success. We experimentally manipulated yearling birds with testosterone implants and found that testosterone-implanted males had imp…

Effects of phenylbutyrate on proliferation and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

1999

Phenylbutyrate (PB) is a potent differentiating agent and currently under investigation for the treatment of prostate cancer (CaP) and other malignancies. We have studied the impact of PB in vitro and in vivo on differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis in the LNCaP and LuCaP 23.1 prostate cancer xenograft models. In vitro we found that i) PB increased PSA secretion/cell, ii) inhibited cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner resulting in a cell cycle arrest in G1-phase and iii) induced apoptosis at concentrations of 2.5 mM after 3 days of treatment. In PB treated animals tumor growth stabilized or regressed. Combination of castration and PB treatment had a synergistic ant…

Pharmacological treatment of patients with paraphilic disorders and risk of sexual offending: An international perspective

2017

Objectives: The present study aims to evaluate existing policy and practice relating to the use of pharmacological treatments with patients suffering from paraphilic disorders who are at risk of committing further sexual offences. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted to document current legal policies across 26 different countries. In addition, a questionnaire assessing the practice of pharmacological treatment was sent to practitioners involved in the treatment of patients with paraphilic disorders. Results: Legal policies concerning the preconditions of using pharmacological treatments differ considerably between countries, and for most jurisdictions do not exist. Drawing…

Antiandrogens alone or in combination for treatment of prostate cancer: The European experience

1989

Abstract In Europe, antiandrogens have been used for many years to treat prostate cancer, either as monotherapy or as part of a “combination therapy” with either surgical or chemical castration. However, considerable debate still exists regarding the relative benefits of combination therapy versus antiandrogen monotherapy or castration alone. This article reviews the European experience with antiandrogen therapy, including the personal experiences of the authors.

Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review

2021

Abstract Context The assessment of “soft” endpoints such as health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is increasingly relevant when evaluating the optimal treatment sequence of novel therapeutic options in patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Objective To systematically review contemporary data regarding HRQOL outcomes in patients with advanced PCa. Evidence acquisition A systematic review of the literature published between January 2011 and March 2019 was performed using the PubMed/Medline Database. In total, 873 articles were screened, and 14 articles including 12 661 patients were selected for synthesis and included in the current analysis according to the Preferred Reporting Items…

Multiple Estrogen Function in Human Prostate Cancer Cells

1996

Chemometric and chemoinformatic analyses of anabolic and androgenic activities of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone analogues

2008

Predictive quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models of anabolic and androgenic activities for the testosterone and dihydrotestosterone steroid analogues were obtained by means of multiple linear regression using quantum and physicochemical molecular descriptors (MD) as well as a genetic algorithm for the selection of the best subset of variables. Quantitative models found for describing the anabolic (androgenic) activity are significant from a statistical point of view: R2 of 0.84 (0.72 and 0.70). A leave-one-out cross-validation procedure revealed that the regression models had a fairly good predictability [q2 of 0.80 (0.60 and 0.59)]. In addition, other QSAR models were …

Biochemical selection of prepubertal patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome by sex hormone-binding globulin response to the human chorionic go…

1997

Before puberty, the diagnosis of androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) can be difficult. We studied whether the decrease of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) during the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) test may represent a biochemical test to select prepubertal patients with AIS. We examined prepubertal patients with AIS (n = 9, age 0.9-8.2 y), male pseudohermaphroditism not due to AIS (other-MPH) (n = 8, age 0.6-10.7 y), and control boys (n = 12, age 0.8-12.5 y). Testosterone and SHBG levels (mean +/- SD) were measured before (d 0) and after (d 5) a hCG test (1500 IU X 3 d). Testosterone levels (nmol/L) increased in all groups [AIS: from 1.5 +/- 1.2 to 22.1 +/- 11.8 (p0.001); other-MPH…

17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-3 deficiency: a rare endocrine cause of male-to-female sex reversal.

2006

Deficiency of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (17beta-HSD3), due to mutations in the gene encoding the enzyme, results in a rare autosomal recessive form of male-to-female sex reversal. Mutated genes encode an abnormal enzyme with absent or reduced ability to convert Delta4-androstenedione to testosterone in the testis. Affected individuals are genetically males who developed internal male Wolffian structures but female external genitalia. Such individuals are usually raised as females and diagnosis is made at puberty, when they show virilization. Correct diagnosis is mandatory to optimize treatment and follow-up. In the present paper we report the clinical history, endocrine eva…

Studies on the Effects of the Antiandrogen Cyproterone Acetate on Social Encounters Between Pairs of Male Mice

1988

An attempt was made in two experiments to reinvestigate the effects of the antiandrogen cyproterone acetate (CA) on mouse social behavior in a variety of ethologically-assessed paired encounters. The data confirm that CA reduces offense (threat and attack) in animals when both subjects receive the material but that CA has no such action in other pairings. This suggests that CA's major suppressive effect on "hostility" is expressed in mice via a reduction in "attack-promoting" pheromone production. Indeed, there was evidence in the more chronic study that CA, could augment (via a central mechanism?) offense in subjects paired with docile anosmic opponents. Changes in defense were largely res…