Search results for "Acidification"

showing 10 items of 173 documents

Wastewaters from citrus processing industry as natural biostimulants for soil microbial community

2020

Abstract Citrus fruit processing wastewaters (CWWs), being rich in organic matter, may be a valuable resource for agricultural irrigation and, possibly, for the improvement of soil organic carbon (TOC). This issue is becoming crucial for soils of arid and semiarid environments increasingly experiencing water scarcity and continuous decline of TOC towards levels insufficient to sustain crop production. However, before using CWWs in agriculture their effects on the soil living component have to be clarified. Therefore, in this study we assessed the impact of CWWs on soil chemical and biochemical properties. Under laboratory conditions, lemon, orange and tangerine wastewaters were separately a…

CitrusEnvironmental EngineeringNitrogenMicroorganismSoil acidification0208 environmental biotechnology02 engineering and technologyWastewater010501 environmental sciencesManagement Monitoring Policy and Lawcomplex mixtures01 natural sciencesSoilSoil pHOrganic matterBiomassWaste Management and DisposalSoil Microbiology0105 earth and related environmental scienceschemistry.chemical_classificationCitrus wastewaters Soil microbial biomass and activity Phospholipid fatty acids Metabolic quotient Microbial quotientMicrobiotaAgricultureGeneral MedicineSoil carbonCarbon020801 environmental engineeringAgronomychemistryMicrobial population biologySoil waterSoil fertilitySettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia Agraria
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Calcification is not the Achilles' heel of cold-water corals in an acidifying ocean

2015

Ocean acidification is thought to be a major threat to coral reefs: laboratory evidence and CO2 seep research has shown adverse effects on many coral species, although a few are resilient. There are concerns that cold-water corals are even more vulnerable as they live in areas where aragonite saturation (?ara) is lower than in the tropics and is falling rapidly due to CO2 emissions. Here, we provide laboratory evidence that net (gross calcification minus dissolution) and gross calcification rates of three common cold-water corals, Caryophyllia smithii, Dendrophyllia cornigera, and Desmophyllum dianthus, are not affected by pCO2 levels expected for 2100 (pCO2 1058 ?atm, ?ara 1.29), and nor a…

CnidariaSettore BIO/07 - EcologiaCaryophyllia smithiiCoralcold-water coralsocean acidificationengineering.materialCaryophyllia smithiiDendrophyllia cornigeraCold-water coralcalcification and dissolutionCalcification PhysiologicAnthozoaTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATIONMediterranean SeaAnimalsEnvironmental ChemistrySeawaterGlobal ChangeReefDesmophyllum dianthuGeneral Environmental ScienceGlobal and Planetary ChangegeographyDesmophyllum dianthusgeography.geographical_feature_categorybiologyEcology2300EcologyAragoniteOcean acidificationfungiCalcification and dissolutionOcean acidificationCoral reefbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionCarbon DioxideHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationAnthozoaOceanographyengineeringCold-water coralsgeographic locationsMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICS
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Functional consequences of prey acclimation to ocean acidification for the prey and its predator

2015

Ocean acidification is the suite of chemical changes to the carbonate system of seawater as a consequence of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Despite a growing body of evidences demonstrating the negative effects of ocean acidification on marine species, the consequences at the ecosystem level are still unclear. One factor limiting our ability to upscale from species to ecosystem is the poor mechanistic understanding of the functional consequences of the observed effects on organisms. This is particularly true in the context of species interactions. The aim of this work was to investigate the functional consequence of the exposure of a prey (the mussel Brachidontes pharaonis) t…

Condition indexanimal structuresEcologyfungiEcosystemOcean acidificationMusselBiologybiology.organism_classificationAcclimatizationPredatorEriphia verrucosaPredation
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Mediterranean bioconstructions along the Italian coast

2018

Marine bioconstructions are biodiversity-rich, three-dimensional biogenic structures, regulating key ecological functions of benthic ecosystems worldwide. Tropical coral reefs are outstanding for their beauty, diversity and complexity, but analogous types of bioconstructions are also present in temperate seas. The main bioconstructions in the Mediterranean Sea are represented by coralligenous formations, vermetid reefs, deep-sea cold-water corals, Lithophyllum byssoides trottoirs, coral banks formed by the shallow-water corals Cladocora caespitosa or Astroides calycularis, and sabellariid or serpulid worm reefs. Bioconstructions change the morphological and chemicophysical features of prima…

Conservation of Natural ResourcesAnthropogenic pressures; Biodiversity; Ecosystem engineers; Habitat formers; Animals; Conservation of Natural Resources; Italy; Mediterranean Sea; Biodiversity; Coral Reefs; Environmental Monitoring; Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics; Aquatic ScienceLithophyllum byssoides trottoirEvolutioncoral banksAnthropogenic pressuresAquatic SciencebioconstructionAnthropogenic pressures; Biodiversity; Ecosystem engineers; Habitat formers; Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics; Aquatic ScienceHabitat formerssabellariidcoralligenous formationsCORAL CLADOCORA-CAESPITOSA; MACROALGAL CORALLIGENOUS ASSEMBLAGES; SABELLARIA-ALVEOLATA LINNAEUS; NORTHERN ADRIATIC SEA; BETA-DIVERSITY; ASTROIDES-CALYCULARIS; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; SPATIAL VARIATION; MASS-MORTALITY; HABITAT CHARACTERIZATIONbioconstructionsBehavior and SystematicsAnthropogenic pressureMediterranean SeaAnimalscoralligenous formationcoral bankConservation of Natural Resourcebioconstructions; coralligenous formations; vermetid reefs; deep-sea cold-water coral; Lithophyllum byssoides trottoirs; coral banks; sabellariid; serpulid worm reefsLithophyllum byssoides trottoirsEcologydeep-sea cold-water coralAnimalCoral Reefsserpulid worm reefsBiodiversityvermetid reefsEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicItalyEcosystem engineerEcosystem engineersHabitat formerCoral Reefvermetid reefEnvironmental Monitoring
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Intertidal epilithic bacteria diversity changes along a naturally occurring carbon dioxide and pH gradient.

2014

Intertidal epilithic bacteria communities are important components of coastal ecosystems, yet few studies have assessed their diversity and how it may be affected by changing environmental parameters. Submarine CO2 seeps produce localised areas of CO2-enriched seawater with reduced pH levels. We utilised the seawater pH/CO2 gradient at Levante Bay (Italy) to test the hypothesis that epilithic bacteria communities are modified by exposure to seawater with the varying chemical parameters. Biofilms were sampled from three sites exposed to seawater with different pH/CO2 levels and diversity determined using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Seawater pCO2 concentrations were increase…

CyanobacteriaIntertidal zoneBiologyCyanobacteriaApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologybiofilmdiversityMarine ecosystemEcosystemSeawater14. Life underwaterEcosystemEcologyBacteriaEcologypHOcean acidificationBiodiversityCarbon DioxideHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationepilithicBays13. Climate actionBiofilmsAlpha diversitySeawaterProteobacteriaFEMS microbiology ecology
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Calcification is not the Achilles'heel of cold-water corals in an acidifying ocean

2015

Ocean acidification is thought to be a major threat to coral reefs: laboratory evidence and CO2 seep research has shown adverse effects on many coral species, although a few are resilient. There are concerns that cold-water corals are even more vulnerable as they live in areas where aragonite saturation (Omega ara) is lower than in the tropics and is falling rapidly due to CO2 emissions. Here, we provide laboratory evidence that net (gross calcification minus dissolution) and gross calcification rates of three common cold-water corals, Caryophyllia smithii, Dendrophyllia cornigera, and Desmophyllum dianthus, are not affected by pCO2 levels expected for 2100 (pCO2 1058 µatm, Omega ara 1.29),…

Dissolution rateOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateIdentificationSalinityBicarbonate ion standard deviationinorganicAlkalinity total standard deviationAlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateRespiration rate oxygenAlkalinity totaltotalDesmophyllum dianthuspHRespirationTemperatureCalcification rate of calcium carbonatedissolvedLaboratory experimentCarbonate ionDeep seaPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Field experimentCarbon dioxide standard deviationTemperature water standard deviationContainers and aquaria 20 1000 L or 1 m 2Respiration rateEarth System ResearchContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or &lt; 1 m**2)standard deviationCalcification/DissolutionPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation statePotentiometricwaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideCaryophyllia smithiiContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2)Dendrophyllia cornigeraFigureAragonite saturation state standard deviationBenthosCnidariaOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaAnimaliaBicarbonate ionCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesCalculated using CO2SYSfungiEvent labelDeep-seaPartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationCarbonate ion standard deviationbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideSingle speciesCalcification DissolutionFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airBenthic animalsoxygen
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Ocean acidification through the lens of ecological theory

2015

© 2015 by the Ecological Society of America. Ocean acidification, chemical changes to the carbonate system of seawater, is emerging as a key environmental challenge accompanying global warming and other humaninduced perturbations. Considerable research seeks to define the scope and character of potential outcomes from this phenomenon, but a crucial impediment persists. Ecological theory, despite its power and utility, has been only peripherally applied to the problem. Here we sketch in broad strokes several areas where fundamental principles of ecology have the capacity to generate insight into ocean acidification's consequences. We focus on conceptual models that, when considered in the co…

Ecology (disciplines)AcclimatizationOceans and SeasClimate ChangePopulationecological modelselevated carbon dioxideClimate changeContext (language use)BiologyEcological systems theoryenvironmental threatsModels Biologicalecological theoriesModelsanthropogenic climate changeAnthropogenic climate changeAnimalsEcosystemSeawaterGlobal environmental changeeducationLife Below WaterEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsEcosystemEcological modeleducation.field_of_studyEvolutionary BiologyEcologymarine stressorsEcologyEnvironmental threatMedicine (all)Global warmingglobal environmental changeElevated carbon dioxideOcean acidificationBiologicalEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicMarine stressorEcological ApplicationsEcological theorie
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Nutrient element and carbohydrate status of Norway spruce at Mt. Kleiner Feldberg in Taunus exposed to air pollution and soil acidification

1988

EcologyEcologySoil acidificationAir pollutionForestryNutritional statusPicea abiesBiologyCarbohydratemedicine.disease_causebiology.organism_classificationWest germanyNutrientEnvironmental chemistrymedicineForest Pathology
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Effect of explosive shallow hydrothermal vents on δ13C and growth performance in the seagrass Posidonia oceanica

2010

Summary 1. Explosive volcanic submarine activity is expected to affect seagrass communities due to sudden and dramatic changes in the physical and chemical features of sea water and sediments, with possibly large ecosystem effects. However, seagrass response to the harsh environmental conditions that arise due to explosive volcanism is as yet unexplored as it is not easy to predict when and where an eruption will occur. Here, we investigate the uptake of hydrothermal carbon within the seagrass Posidonia oceanica by the analysis of δ13C and growth rates in tissue laid down before and after an exceptional and massive hydrothermal gas release in the Aeolian Islands (Italy, Mediterranean Sea). …

EcologybiologyEcologyOcean acidificationPlant Sciencebiology.organism_classificationHydrothermal circulationSeagrassOceanographyMediterranean seaHabitatProductivity (ecology)Posidonia oceanicaEnvironmental scienceEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsHydrothermal ventJournal of Ecology
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Ocean acidification affects fish spawning but not paternity at CO2 seeps

2016

Fish exhibit impaired sensory function and altered behaviour at levels of ocean acidification expected to occur owing to anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions during this century. We provide the first evidence of the effects of ocean acidification on reproductive behaviour of fish in the wild. Satellite and sneaker male ocellated wrasse (Symphodus ocellatus) compete to fertilize eggs guarded by dominant nesting males. Key mating behaviours such as dominant male courtship and nest defence did not differ between sites with ambient versus elevated CO2 concentrations. Dominant males did, however, experience significantly lower rates of pair spawning at elevated CO2 levels. Despite the higher r…

Eggs standard errorOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateRegistration number of speciesIdentificationSalinityEggsinorganicAlkalinityExperimentNumber standard errorDominant male paternityTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedNumber of individualsCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Number of spawning events standard errorAragonite saturation stateFish standard lengthChordataAlkalinity totalSalinity standard errortotalCO2 ventReplicatesCourtship standard errorpHPelagosReproductionSymphodus ocellatusTemperatureNumberPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)standard errorIndividuals standard errorEarth System ResearchField observationFOS: Medical biotechnologyUniform resource locator link to referencePotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateLocationPotentiometricwaterNumber of spawning eventsAgeUniform resource locator/link to referenceOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaAnimaliaEggs areaBehaviourTypeBicarbonate ionNektonEggs area standard errorTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciespH standard errorWet massDominant male paternity standard errorCalculated using CO2SYSEvent labelIndividualsCourtshipCarbonate system computation flagstandard lengthFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airFishCarbon dioxideSingle speciesFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelf
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