Search results for "Acidosi"
showing 10 items of 104 documents
Whole-body potassium and bone mineral density up to 30 years after urinary diversion
1998
Objectives To evaluate the long-term effects of different types of urinary diversion on skeletal bone density and whole-body potassium content in patients with an early correction of base excess (<−2.5). Patients and methods The early correction of base excess (<−2.5) is one of the principles of the treatment of patients undergoing urinary diversion at our institution. In 27 patients with urinary diversion, bone mineral density (assessed by dual-photon absorptiometry), whole-body potassium, electrolyte and creatinine levels were determined, and capillary blood gas analysed. The mean time since surgery was 16.8 years in 16 patients with a rectal reservoir, 20.5 years in six patients with a…
Myo-, neuro-, gastrointestinal encephalopathy (MNGIE syndrome) due to partial deficiency of cytochrome-c-oxidase
1987
A 42-year-old woman had a 10-year history of external ophthalmoplegia, malabsorption resulting in chronic malnutrition, muscle atrophy and polyneuropathy. Computer tomography revealed hypodensity of her cerebral white matter. A metabolic disturbance consisted of lactic acidosis after moderate glucose loads with increased excretion of hydroxybutyric and fumaric acids. Post-mortem studies revealed gastrointestinal scleroderma as the morphological manifestation of her malabsorption syndrome, ocular and skeletal myopathy with ragged red fibers, peripheral neuropathy, vascular abnormalities of meningeal and peripheral nerve vessels. Biochemical examination of the liver and muscle tissues reveale…
Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD): unusual occult exocrine pancreatic manifestation in an affected German family
2000
The mitochondrial (mt) 3243 DNA mutation is an underlying cause of maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) syndrome and the syndrome of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). We report an affected German MIDD pedigree with maternal lineage over three generations. The index patient, her mother, her maternal aunt and her maternal grandmother all suffered from diabetes and premature hearing loss and were positive on testing for the mt 3243 DNA mutation. The 27-year-old index patient had a history of grand mal seizures. As sequela of abdominal ultrasound and confirmed by magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreaticography, she was diagnose…
Mitochondrial disruption and apoptosis in lymphocytes of an HIV infected patient affected by lactic acidosis after treatment with highly active antir…
2003
Aims: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can induce an increase in lactic acid concentrations that seems to be caused by mitochondrial dysfunction induced by the interaction of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) with DNA polymerase γ in the mitochondria. Mitochondrial alterations have been described in liver and muscle cells of NRTI treated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. Because lymphocytes are the main target for HIV and because mitochondria are involved in apoptosis, we studied mitochondrial morphology and apoptosis in the lymphocytes of an HIV infected patient with severe lactic acidosis after treatment with stavudine, didanosine, and ind…
Tumor Blood Flow and O2 Availability during Hemodilution
1984
An insufficient and heterogeneously distributed nutritive blood flow leads to an inadequate and nonuniform supply of O2 and substrates in many solid tumors (Vaupel, 1977, 1979, 1982). This deterioration of the supply conditions, which already occurs in very early growth stages and which is superimposed by a deterioration of diffusive transport during advanced growth stages, is paralleled by a decrease in the therapeutic efficacy of various cancer treatment modalities such as irradiation and chemotherapy with antiproliferative drugs. In the case of anticancer drugs, the efficiency may be reduced by affecting both pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. In the latter case this is due to the de…
Oxygenation and Bioenergetic Status of Murine Fibrosarcomas
1992
The heterogeneity of cellular response to therapy is a major problem in non-surgical cancer therapy. This heterogeneity is influenced by both the genetic variability between different tumor cells and by epigenetic, physiological factors, such as the local metabolic milieu. A restriction of tumor microcirculation concomitant with regional hypoxia, nutrient depletion, accumulation of lactate, and an intensified tumor acidosis becomes evident during growth of many solid tumors1. These critical factors can greatly influence the efficiency of various non-surgical tumor therapies.
A Worldwide Perspective on COVID-19 and Diabetes Management in 22,820 Children from the SWEET Project: Diabetic Ketoacidosis Rates Increase and Glyce…
2021
Aims: To investigate the short-term effects of the first wave of COVID-19 on clinical parameters in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) from 82 worldwide centers participating in the Better Control in Pediatric and Adolescent DiabeteS: Working to CrEate CEnTers of Reference (SWEET) registry. Materials and Methods: Aggregated data per person with T1D £21 years of age were compared between May/June 2020 (first wave), August/September 2020 (after wave), and the same periods in 2019. Hierarchic linear and logistic regression models were applied. Models were adjusted for gender, age-, and diabetes duration-groups. To distinguish the added burden of the COVID-19 pandemic, the centers were divided…
Microregional distributions of glucose, lactate, ATP and tissue pH in experimental tumours upon local hyperthermia and/or hyperglycaemia
1993
Microregional distributions of glucose, lactate and ATP concentrations as well as tissue pH values were determined in subcutaneous rat tumours during normothermia and normoglycaemia, and upon local hyperthermia (HT) and/or hyperglycaemia (HG). Experiments were performed in order to investigate whether, and to what extent, these adjuvant therapeutic measures applied alone or in combination can modify the bioenergetic and metabolic status, parameters that are known to markedly influence the therapeutic response of tumours to heat. Local HT was performed in a saline bath (44 degrees C/2 h) and HG was induced by i.v. infusion of glucose for 2.5 h (blood glucose levels during heating: 35-40 mM).…
Protective action of 1,3-butanediol in cerebral ischemia. A neurologic, histologic, and metabolic study.
1987
1,3-Butanediol (BD) is converted in the body to β-hydroxybutyrate, and previous studies have shown that hyperketonemia had beneficial effects in experimental models of generalized hypoxia. The aim of this study was to determine if BD would reduce brain damage following cerebral ischemia. A transient forebrain ischemia of 30-min duration was induced by the four-vessel occlusion technique in control and BD-treated rats (25 mmol/kg, i.p.; 30 min prior to ischemia). BD treatment led to significant improvement of neurologic deficit during the 72-h recovery period and reduced neuronal damage in the striatum and cortex but not in the CA1 sector of the hippocampus. Evaluation of cerebral energy me…
Fasting prior to transient cerebral ischemia reduces delayed neuronal necrosis.
1990
A transient brain ischemia of 30-min duration was induced by the four-vessel occlusion technique in normally fed and in 48-hr-fasted rats. Evaluation of brain damage 72 hr after ischemia showed that fasting reduced neuronal necrosis in the striatum, the neocortex, and the lateral part of the CA1 sector of hippocampus. Signs of status spongiosis in the pars reticulata of the substantia nigra were seen in 75% of fed rats and in only 19% of fasted rats. The protective effect was associated with reduction in mortality and in postischemic seizure incidence. The metabolic changes induced by fasting were evaluated before and during ischemia. After 30 min of four-vessel occlusion, fasted rats showe…